The appellant appealed against the trial court's decree for specific performance of a sale agreement. The High Court held that the plaintiff remained ready and willing to perform his part of the contract, while the defendant refused to perform. The appeal was dismissed.
This page shows the compact analysis of this judgement. The full analysis — procedural history, issue-by-issue holdings with ratio and obiter, advocates, and paragraph-level evidence for every claim — is being added to the record in batches and will appear here when this judgement has been through it.
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR
S.B. Civil First Appeal No. 331/2008
1/1 Hamida Khatun wife of Late Shri Gulam Rasul Khan, aged about 56 Years, village Gagwana, Tehsil and District Ajmer (Raj.) (Deceased).
1/2 Shahadat S/o Late Shri Gulam Rasul Khan, aged about 32 Years, village Gagwana, Tehsil and District Ajmer (Raj.)
1/3 Sharafat S/o Late Shri Gulam Rasul Khan, aged about 28 Years, village Gagwana, Tehsil and District Ajmer (Raj.)
1/4 Naseem Khatun D/o Late Shri Gulam Rasul Khan W/o Mohd. Rafiq, aged about 40 Years, village Gagwana, Tehsil and District Ajmer (Raj.)
1/5 Taslim Khatun D/o Late Shri Gulam Rasul Khan W/o Shri Abdul Hameed, aged about 38 Years, village Gagwana, Tehsil and District Ajmer (Raj.)
1/6 Takmim Khatun D/o D/o Late Shri Gulam Rasul Khan W/o Asaraf Ali Khan, aged about 30 Years, village Gagwana, Tehsil and District Ajmer (Raj.)
1/7 Asma Khatun D/o D/o Late Shri Gulam Rasul Khan W/o Shri Maksood Khan, aged about 26 Years, village Gagwana, Tehsil and District Ajmer (Raj.)
----Appellants-Defendants
Versus
Shri P. Kumar S/o Shri Deenu Mal, Aged about 60 years, R/o Ana Sagar Link Road, Ajmer.
----Respondent-Plaintiff
For Appellant(s) : Mr. Gaurav Kumawat, Adv. For : Mr. Ramit Pareek, Adv. Respondent(s)
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
[CFA-331/2008]
(2 of 18)
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE UMA SHANKER VYAS
Judgment / Order
Reserved On : 27.10.2025 Pronounced On : 30.10.2025
1- vihykFkhZ&izfroknh ¼vkxs ^^izfroknh^^ dgk tkosxk½ dh vksj ls ;g izFke vihy /kkjk 96 lh-ih-lh- rFkk vkns'k 41 fu;e 1 lh-ih-lh- ds rgr izR;FkhZ&oknh ¼vkxs ^^oknh^^ dgk tkosxk½ ds fo:) fo}ku vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k ¼QkLV Vªsd½ dze&4] vtesj }kjk nhokuh okn la[;k 136@2006 ¼295@2005½ esa ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMdzh fnukad 30-04-2008 ls O;fFkr gksdj is'k dh ftlds ek/;e ls oknh dk okn ckcr~ fodz; vuqca/k dh fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk rFkk LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk dk fMdzh fd;k x;kA
2- fo}ku vf/koDrk izfroknh rFkk oknh dh cgl lquh x;h] vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 3- lqlaxr rF; ;g gS fd oknh }kjk fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa fnukad 28-11-2005 dks fodz; vuqca/k dh fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk rFkk LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk ds vuqrks"k ds laca/k esa okn izLrqr dj vfHkdfFkr fd;k fd izfroknh us okni= ds pj.k la[;k&1 esa of.kZr viuh d`f"k Hkwfe ¼dqy jdck 8 ch?kk 7 fcLok½ oknh dks pkj yk[k :i;s izfrch?kk esa fodz; djuk r; dj fnukad 09-04-2005 dks vkaf'kd izfrQy jkf'k 3]00]000@& :i;s udn izkIr djrs gq, oknh ds i{k esa ,d fodz; vuqca/k ¼izn'kZ&1½ gLrk{kfjr o fu"ikfnr fd;kA ;g Hkh vfHkdfFkr fd;k fd izfroknh }kjk bl Hkwfe dks cS a d esa jgu j[k dj _.k izkIr dj
[CFA-331/2008]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
(3 of 18)
j[kk Fkk] ftlds laca/k esa ;g r; gqvk Fkk fd izfroknh cSad ds _.k dk Hkqxrku dj vns;rk izek.k i= oknh dks miyC/k djk;sxk vkSj mlds i'pkr tekcanh esa jgu dk uksV gVok dj oknh }kjk cdk;k jkf'k vnk dj fodz; i= fu"ikfnr djk;k tkosxkA oknh ds vuqlkj ;g Hkh r; gqvk Fkk fd cdk;k jkf'k esa ls 2]00]000@& :i;s fnukad 09-04-2005 ls ,d ekg esa rFkk 'ks"k jkf'k pkj ekg esa vnk dj fodz; i= fu"ikfnr djkuk Fkk] oknh }kjk ,d ekg dh vof/k esa vFkkZr fnukad 04-05-2005 dks 2]00]000@& :i;s izfroknh dks mlds ?kj tkdj vnk djuk izLrkfor fd;k] ijUrq izfroknh us rRle; ;g jkf'k Lohdkj ugha djrs gq, fodz; i= fu"ikfnr djkus ds fnu gh lEiw.kZ jkf'k izkIr djus dk vk'oklu fn;kA izfroknh }kjk cSad ls vns;rk izek.k i= tkucw>dj izkIr ugha fd;k] vUrr% oknh }kjk vFkd iz;kl dj fnukad 09-09-2005 dks ;g vns;rk izek.k i= lacaf/kr cSad ls izkIr dj fodz; i= fu"ikfnr djokus gsrq Vsyhxzke ¼rkj½ ds ek/;e ls izfroknh dks uksfVl fn;k] ijUrq og bl gsrq lger ugha gqvk rFkk ;g lEifRr fdlh vU; O;fDr dks vUrfjr djus ij vkeknk gSA ;g Hkh vfHkdfFkr fd;k fd oknh cdk;k izfrQy jkf'k vnk dj fodz;i= fu"ikfnr djokus gsrq lnSo rRij Fkk vkSj gS] og fnukad 08-08-2005 dks Hkh izfroknh ds dgs vuqlkj mi&iath;d dk;kZy; esa nLrkost fu"iknu ds laca/k esa mifLFkr gqvk Fkk fdUrq izfroknh mifLFkr ugha gqvk] mijksDr vfHkdFkuksa ds lkFk ;g fodz; vuqca/k dh fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk rFkk LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk dk vuqrks"k pkgk x;kA
(4 of 18) [CFA-331/2008]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
4- izfroknh dh vksj ls tcko nkok izLrqr dj fnukad 09-04-2005 dks oknxzLr vkjkth 4]00]000@& :i;s izfr ch?kk esa oknh dks fodz; djus gsrq bdjkj djus] vuqca/k ds fnu gh rhu yk[k :i;s udn izkIr djus vkfn ds rF; dks Lohdkj fd;k] ijUrq ;g vfHkdfFkr fd;k fd oknh us fnukad 09-04-2005 ls ,d ekg dh vof/k esa 2]00]000@& :i;s rFkk 'ks"k jkf'k pkj ekg esa Hkh cdk;k jkf'k vnk ugha dh rFkk oknh dHkh Hkh fodz; vuqca/k dh ikyuk gsrq rRij vkSj lger ugha Fkk vkSj bl vk/kkj ij fodz; vuqca/k fujLr gks pqdk gS] ftlds ckcr~ oknh dks uksfVl Hkh fn;k tk pqdk Fkk] ysfdu cnuh;friwoZd ;g okn izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA ;g Hkh vfHkdfFkr fd;k fd vns;rk izek.k i= fodz; vuqca/k ds fnu gh oknh dks miyC/k djok fn;k x;k Fkk] vr% mlds ftEes dksbZ nkf;Ro 'ks"k ugha jgk] vUr esa okn [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA 5- i{kdkjksa ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij fuEufyf[kr fook|d fojfpr fd;s x;s&
1& D;k izfroknh us] okn&i= dh pj.k
la[;k ,d esa of.kZr lEifRr dk fodz; djkj fnukad 09-04-2005 dks oknh ls djds okn&i= dh pj.k la[;k ,d ds vuqlkj djds :i;s 3]00]000 oknh ls crkSj is'kxh izkIr fd, \ --------oknh
2& D;k oknh] okn&i= dh pj.k la[;k ,d esa of.kZr lEifRr ds fodz; djkj ds vuqlkj fodz; izys[k fu"iknu djokus gsrq rRij jgk vkSj oknh iz'uxr lEifRr ds iz'uxr fodz; djkj ds fof'k"V vuqikyuk dh fMdzh U;k;ky; ls izkIr djus dk gdnkj gS \ -------oknh
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
[CFA-331/2008]
(5 of 18)
3& D;k oknh us iz'uxr fodz; djkj dh 'krksZa dh vuqikyuk ugha dh vkSj izfroknh }kjk Hksts x, uksfVl ds ckotwn fodz; djkj fujLr gks x;k gS vkSj oknh dh is'kxh jkf'k tCr gks x;h gS \ -----------izfroknh
4& vuqrks"k \
6- mijksDr fook|dksa ds leFkZu esa nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls nLrkosth lk{; izLrqr dh xbZA oknh dh ekSf[kd lk{; esa ihMCyw&1 oknh ih-dqekj rFkk mlds xokg ih-MCyw&2 fd'kuyky ds c;ku ys[kc) djk;sA izfroknh dh ekSf[kd lk{; esa MhMCyw&1 xqyke jlwy izfroknh ds c;ku ys[kc) fd;s x;sA ckn fopkj.k] fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ds ek/;e ls oknh dk okn fodz; vuqca/k dh fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk rFkk LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk ds ckcr~ fMdzh fd;k] ftlls O;fFkr gksdj ;g izFke vihy izfroknh dh vksj ls is'k dh x;h gSA 7- fook|d la[;k&1 fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk oknh ds i{k esa rFkk izfroknh ds fo:) fu.khZr fd;k gSA nksuksa i{kksa ds vfHkopuksa rFkk izfroknh }kjk ftjg esa dh x;h LohdkjksfDr ds vk/kkj ij fnukad 09-04-2005 dks izfroknh }kjk oknh ds i{k esa oknxzLr Hkwfe ds laca/k esa fodz; vuqca/k fu"ikfnr dj rhu yk[k :i;s vfxze jkf'k ds :i esa izkIr djuk fookn jfgr gSA fook|d la[;k&1 ds laca/k esa fn;s x;s fu"d"kZ dks vihykFkhZ@izfroknh }kjk pqukSrh Hkh ugha nh x;h gS rFkk fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk fu"d"kZ iw.kZr% rF;ksa o fof/k ds vuq:i gS] vr% bl fu"d"kZ dh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA
8- tgka rd fook|d la[;k&2 o 3 dk iz'u gS] ;s nksuksa fook|d ,d&nwljs ds [k.Mu esa fojfpr gksus ls fo}ku
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
(6 of 18)
[CFA-331/2008]
fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ,d lkFk fopkj djus ds mijkUr mDr nksuksa fook|d oknh ds i{k esa rFkk izfroknh ds foijhr fu.khZr fd;s gSaA
9- fo}ku vf/koDrk izfroknh dk bu fook|dksa ds laca/k esa ;g rdZ gS fd fodz; vuqca/k esa of.kZr 'krksZa vkSj nkf;Roksa dh ikyuk oknh }kjk fu/kkZfjr le; esa ugha dh x;h gS vkSj bl dkj.k ls izfroknh }kjk izsf"kr uksfVl izn'kZ ,&2 ds vuqlkj ;g fodz; vuqca/k lekIr gks pqdk gS rFkk vfxze jkf'k tCr gks pqdh gS] tcfd blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk oknh dk rdZ gS fd _.k dk Hkqxrku djus ds mijkUr vns;rk izek.k i= izkIr dj miyC/k djokus dk nkf;Ro izfroknh dk Fkk vkSj mlds ckn gh cdk;k izfrQy jkf'k dk Hkqxrku gksuk FkkA izfroknh vius nkf;Ro esa vlQy jgk gS vkSj vUrr% oknh }kjk vFkd iz;klksa ds ckn fnukad 09-09-2005 dks ;g vns;rk izek.k i= vius Lrj ij izkIr fd;k rFkk mlds rqjUr i'pkr oknh }kjk cdk;k jkf'k izkIr dj fodz; i= fu"ikfnr djokus gsrq izfroknh ls vuqjks/k fd;k] fdUrq mlds }kjk ikyuk ugha dh x;h ftl ij fnukad 26-11-2005 dks izn'kZ&4 Vsyhxzke ¼rkj½ ds ek/;e ls uksfVl Hkh fn;k ,oa fnukad 28-11-2005 dks ;qfDr;qDr le; o ifjlhek vof/k esa okni= izLrqr fd;k tk pqdk gSA oknh vius nkf;Ro dk fuoZgu djus gsrq lnSo rRij Fkk vkSj gS] bl vk'k; dk vfHkdFku djrs gq, lk{; ds ek/;e ls Hkh bl fo"k; dks izekf.kr fd;k gSA
10bl laca/k esa nksuksa gh i{kksa dh vksj ls vius&vius rdksaZ ds leFkZu esa U;kf;d n`"VkUr izLrqr fd;s gSa] ijUrq mu ij
[CFA-331/2008]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
(7 of 18)
fopkj djus ls iwoZ rF;kRed fLFkfr ij xgurk ls fopkj fd;k tkuk vko';d gSA izn'kZ&1 dh 'krZ la[;k 2 rFkk 5 ds vykok 'ks"k 'krksZa o laO;ogkj ds laca/k esa i{kdkjksa ds chp dksbZ fookn ugha gS] ysfdu fujUrjrk o lexz:i ls vFkkZUo;u dh n`f"V ls lHkh ikapksa 'krksZa dk mYys[k ;gka fd;k tkuk lehphu gksxk] tks fuEukuqlkj gS&
^^¼1½ ;g fd of.kZr vkjkth dks mijksDr nj ls dzsrk dks fodz; fd;k tkuk r; fd;k x;k gS] ,oa mlesa ls 3]00]000@& :i;s v{kjs rhu yk[k :i;s rks vkt fnukad dks udn gh dzsrk us fodzsrk dks crkSj is'kxh ns fn;s gSaA
¼2½ ;g fd cdk;k jkf'k esa ls 2]00]000@& :i;s v{kjs nks yk[k :i;s vUnj fe;kn vkt fnukad ls ,d ekg ckn ,oa 'ks"k cdk;k jkf'k vUnj fe;kn vkt fnukad ls pkj ekg esa cjoDr csukek iath;u dzsrk ls izkIr dj fy;s tk;saxsA
¼3½ ;g fd ;fn mDr fe;kn vof/k esa dzsrk f}rh; i{kdkj cdk;k jkf'k nsus esa dkflj jgs rks ml le; lkbZ jkf'k Qksj fQV ekuh tkdj lkSnk fujLr le>k tkosxk] ysfdu ;fn dzsrk }kjk mDr fe;kn vof/k esa lEiw.kZ cdk;k jkf'k nsus dks rRij jgus ij Hkh fodzsrk }kjk dzsrk ds dgs vuqlkj csukek iath;u djkus esa fdlh izdkj dh vkuk&dkuh ;k eukgh dh x;h rks dzsrk pkgs rks ml le; rd fodzsrk dks nh x;h lkbZ jkf'k dh nqxuh jkf'k muls izkIr dj ys ,oa pkgs rks tfj;s vnkyrh dk;Zokgh csukek dk iath;u fuEuof.kZr vkjkth dk djok ysosA
¼4½ ;g fd ;fn mDr le; rd dk dksbZ Hkh okn fookn ;k vU; fdlh izdkj dh fnDdr ijs'kkuh
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
[CFA-331/2008]
(8 of 18)
vkjkth ckcr ;k mlds nLrkostkr ckcr gqbZ ;k fudyh rks mldh gj izdkj dh tokcnsgh fodzsrk dh gksxh o jgsxhA dCtk vkjkth dk lEiw.kZ jkf'k izkIr gksus ij gh fn;k tk;sxk] ijUrq ml le; rd dk gj izdkj dk fookn vkfn tks mDr vkjkth ij gksxk rks mldks gj izdkj ls fuiVkus dh tokcnsgh fodzsrk dh ,oa okfjlku fodzsrk dh gksxhA
¼5½ ;g fd tks jktLo fjdkMZ tekcUnh esa jgu dk uksV yxk gqvk gS] mlls lacaf/kr cSad dk _.k pqdrk djus dk izek.k i= fodzsrk dks nsuk gksxk ¼No Dues½ rFkk uksV gVkus dh ftEesnkjh dzsrk dh gksxh rFkk mlds i'pkr gh 'ks"k cdk;k jkf'k dzsrk ls fodzsrk izkIr dj ldsxkA^^
11'krZ la[;k&5 ds laca/k esa izfroknh Mh-MCyw&1 xqyke jlwy us dksbZ fookn ugha fd;k gS rFkk izfrijh{kk esa Lohdkj fd;k gS fd ;g 'krZ mlds dgs vuqlkj fy[kh x;h FkhA ;gka ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd 'krZ la[;k&5 dk dqN Hkkx Vafdr gS vkSj dqN gLrfyf[kr gS] ysfdu bl bckjr ds laca/k esa fdlh izdkj dk dksbZ fookn ugha gSA fdlh Hkh nLrkost vFkok mlesa of.kZr bckjr dks [k.Mksa esa vFkok vyx&vyx Hkkxksa eas i<k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA 'krZ la[;k&2 rFkk 5 ijLij ,d&nwljs ls l a caf/kr gS rFkk 'krZ la[;k&5 cdk;k izfrQy jkf'k dh vnk;xh ds laca/k esa 'krZ la[;k&2 ij vf/kekuh izHkko j[krk gSA 'krZ la[;k&5 ds vuqlkj cSad dk _.k Hkqxrku dj vns;rk izek.k i= izfroknh dks izkIr djuk Fkk vkSj mlds i'pkr gh cdk;k jkf'k oknh }kjk izfroknh dks vnk fd;k tkuk r; Fkk] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa 'krZ la[;k&2 ds lanHkZ esa vuqorhZ
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
[CFA-331/2008]
(9 of 18)
dze dks ns[kk tkos rks vns;rk izek.k i= izfroknh }kjk miyC/k djk;s tkus ds ckn gh cdk;k jkf'k esa ls 2]00]000@& :i;s ,d ekg esa rFkk 'ks"k jkf'k pkj ekg esa vnk dj fodz; i= iathd`r djokus dk earO; i{kdkjksa dk jguk Li"V gksrk gSA
12orZeku fodz; vuqca/k esa i{kdkjksa dks vuqorhZ rFkk ikjLifjd nkf;Roksa dk fuoZgu fd;k tkuk Fkk vkSj bl dze esa ns[kk tkos rks 3]00]000@& :i;s vkaf'kd izfrQy jkf'k ds Hkqxrku ds i'pkr cSad ls vns;rk izek.k i= izfroknh }kjk izkIr fd;s tkus dk nkf;Ro jgk gS] mldh ikyuk gksus ds ckn gh cdk;k jkf'k ds Hkqxrku dk nkf;Ro oknh dk gksuk izdV gqvk gSA orZeku ekeys esa oknh ih-MCyw&1 ih-dqekj rFkk mldk xokg ih-MCyw&2 fd'ku yky us okn esa of.kZr vfHkdFkuksa ds vuq:i ;g l'kiFk dFku fd;k gS fd izfroknh us cSad ls vns;rk izek.k i= izkIr djus gsrq vusd ckj vuqjks/k fd;s tkus ds ckotwn dksbZ #fp ugha yh rFkk vUrr% oknh vkSj mlds xokg ds }kjk ;g izek.k i= fnukad 09-09-2005 dks izkIr dj lafonk dh fofufnZ"V ikyuk gsrq vuqjks/k fd;kA izfroknh dk vius vfHkdFkuksa eas ;g cpko jgk gS fd mlds }kjk cSad dk _.k vnk dj fnukad 30-08-1990 dks gh vns;rk izek.k i= izkIr dj fy;k Fkk vkSj fodz; vuqca/k fnukad 09-04-2005 ds le; ;g vns;rk izek.k i= oknh dks miyC/k djok fn;k Fkk] vr% mlds ftEes dksbZ ikyuk vFkok nkf;Ro 'ks"k ugha jgkA izfroknh dk eq[; ijh{k.k dk tks 'kiFk i= izLrqr gqvk gS] mlesa Hkh blh izdkj ds dFku jgs gSa] ijUrq izfrijh{k.k esa og
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
[CFA-331/2008]
(10 of 18)
Lohdkj djrk gS fd ;g vns;rk izek.k i= dc izkIr fd;k] mls tkudkjh ugha gS rFkk vuqca/k dh 'krZ la[;k&5 esa tks gLrfyf[kr bckjr gS] og mlds }kjk fy[kok;h x;h FkhA izfroknh ds cpko dks ekuk tkos rks fnukad 30-08-1990 dks gh vns;rk izek.k i= izfroknh dks izkIr gks pqdk Fkk vkSj oknh dks fodz; vuqca/k fu"iknu ds le; miyC/k Hkh djok fn;k x;k Fkk] ;fn okLro esa ,slk gksrk rks izn'kZ&1 fodz; vuqca/k esa 'krZ la[;k&5 esa vns;rk izek.k i= cdk;k gksus rFkk mls izkIr dj miyC/k djokus dk nkf;Ro izfroknh ugha ysrkA izfroknh dk ;g cpko Lohd`r nLrkostksa ds foijhr rFkk iw.kZr% feF;k o dkYifud gS vkSj bl vk/kkj ij gh izekf.kr gS fd izfroknh }kjk vius izkjfEHkd nkf;Ro dk fuoZgu ugha fd;k x;k gSA
13;gka ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd fodz; vuqca/k esa mYysf[kr 'krksZa ds vuqlkj ^^le;^^ lafonk dk lkj vkSj eeZ ugha gSA ;gka ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd fodz; vuqca/k fnukad 09-04-2005 dks fu"ikfnr gqvk rFkk vns;rk izek.k i= izfroknh }kjk izkIr fd;s tkus ds pkj ekg ds vUnj lEiw.kZ jkf'k dk Hkqxrku gksuk FkkA oknh rFkk mlds xokg ih-MCyw&2 fd'ku yky nksuksa us vius vfHkdFkuksa dh iqf"V djrs gq, ;g l'kiFk dFku fd;k gS fd fnukad 04-05-2005 dks vFkkZr fodz; vuqca/k fu"iknu gksus ds ,d ekg dh vof/k esa 2]00]000@& :i;s izfroknh dks izLrkfor fd;s] ysfdu mlds }kjk fodz; i= fu"iknu ds le; gh lEiw.kZ jkf'k ysus dk dFku djrs gq, ;g jkf'k Lohdkj ugha dh x;hA bu nksuksa xokgku ls foLr`r izfrijh{kk dh x;h gS]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
[CFA-331/2008]
(11 of 18)
ijUrq muds dFku v[kafMr jgs gSaA oknh dk ;g Hkh dFku jgk gS fd fnukad 08-08-2005 dks og izfroknh ds dgs vuqlkj mi&iath;d dk;kZy; esa nLrkost fu"iknu djkus gsrq mifLFkr gqvk] ijUrq izfroknh mifLFkr ugha gqvk vkSj bl ij mi&iath;d dk;kZy; esa izn'kZ&2 vkosnu izLrqr fd;kA izn'kZ&2 vkosnu ij mi&iath;d dh izkfIr jlhn gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g nLrkost lafnX/k ugha gksdj izekf.kr gS rFkk blls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd fnukad 08-08-2005 dks rFkk mlls iwoZ oknh cdk;k jkf'k dk Hkqxrku dj fod;z i= fu"ikfnr djokus gsrq rRij Fkk] ysfdu Lo;a izfroknh }kjk vns;rk izek.k i= izkIr ugha fd;k x;k gSA vns;rk izek.k i= izn'kZ&3 oknh }kjk fnukad 09-09-2005 dks vius iz;klksa ds ckn vius Lrj ij izkIr fd;k gS] rRi'pkr oknh }kjk izfroknh ls iqu% fodz; vuqca/k dh ikyuk gsrq vuqjks/k fd;k] ijUrq izfroknh }kjk ikyuk ugh dh x;h] ftl ij fnukad 26-11-2005 dks izfroknh dks Vsyhxzke ¼rkj½ izn'kZ&4 fn;k x;k gS vkSj mlds rqjUr i'pkr fnukad 28-11-2005 dks oknh }kjk fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k okn izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g lkjh dk;Zokgh fodz; vuqca/k fu"ikfnr gksus ds djhc lk<s lkr ekg esa iwjh gks pqdh gS] vr% dksbZ vuqfpr foyEc bl dk;Zokgh esa gqvk gks] ;g ugha ekuk tk ldrk vfirq ;g izekf.kr gS fd oknh fodz; vuqca/k ds rgr vius nkf;Ro dk fuoZgu djus gsrq lnSo rRij jgk gS rFkk Lo;a izfroknh gh nqHkkZoukiwoZd ikyuk ls badkj djrk jgk gSA
[CFA-331/2008]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
(12 of 18)
14fo}ku vf/koDrk izfroknh dk ,d cpko ;g Hkh gS fd vuqca/k fu"iknu ds ,d ekg esa 2]00]000@& :i;s dh jkf'k oknh }kjk vnk ugha dh x;h] bl ij vuqca/k fujLr dj vfxze jkf'k tCr dj yh x;h ftldk uksfVl izn'kZ ,&2 fnukad 26-05-2005 dks oknh dks fn;k tk pqdk gS] vr% vuqca/k fujLr gks pqdk gS] vius rdksZa ds leFkZu esa U;kf;d fu.kZ; Krishna Swaroop Agarwal (Dead) Thr. LR. Vs. Arvind Kumar 2025 INSC 859 izLrqr djrs gq, ;g fuosnu fd;k fd tujy DykWtst ,DV dh /kkjk 27 ds vuqlkj tgka lgh irs ij mfpr Mkd 'kqYd yxkrs gq, uksfVl izsf"kr fd;k x;k gS rks mldk izkIrdrkZ dks izkIr gksuk mi/kkfjr fd;k tk;sxk] tc rd fd vU;Fkk izekf.kr ugha fd;k tkosA orZeku ekeys esa izn'kZ ,&1 dfFkr uksfVl dk fyQkQk gS] ftl ij ogh irk mYysf[kr gS tks foØ; vuqca/k esa oknh dk fn;k x;k gS] ijarq mlds ckotwn ;g uksfVl izkIrdrkZ vFkkZr~ oknh }kjk ysus ls budkj fd;k x;k gks] bl izdkj dk dksbZ i`"Bkadu ugha gSA izn'kZ ,&1 fyQkQs ij iksLVeSu }kjk ;g vafdr fd;k x;k gS fd uksfVl ds ckotwn izkIrdrkZ ysus ugha vk;kA mijksDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa izn'kZ ,&1 dh lE;d :i ls oknh dks rkehy gks pqdh Fkh] ;g ugha ekuk tk ldrkA ,d ckj dYiuk ds fy, ;g eku Hkh fy;k tkos rks izn'kZ ,&1 fyQkQs esa j[ks x;s uksfVl izn'kZ ,&2 dh tkudkjh oknh dks gks pqdh Fkh rc Hkh mijksDr foØ; vuqca/k lekIr gksuk ugha ekuk tk ldrk D;ksafd Hkqxrku ls iwoZ izfroknh dks vns;rk izek.k i= izkIr djuk Fkk vkSj og izn'kZ ,&2 uksfVl fnukad 26-05-2005 dks tkjh fd;s tkus rd
[CFA-331/2008]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
(13 of 18)
izfroknh }kjk izkIr ugha fd;k x;k FkkA izn'kZ ,&2 uksfVl esa vns;rk izek.k i= izfroknh }kjk vuqca/k ds fu"iknu ds ckn izkIr dj fy;k x;k gks vFkok vuqca/k ds fnu gh miyC/k djok fn;k gks] bu nksuksa rF;ksa dk lekos'k ugha gSA tSlk fd Åij foospu fd;k x;k gS Lo;a izfroknh }kjk vius izkjafHkd nkf;Ro vFkkZr~ vns;rk izek.k i= izkIr djus dk drZO; fuoZgu ugha fd;k gS vkSj blls ;g Li"V gS fd og foØ; vuqca/k dh ikyuk pkgrk gh ugha FkkA
15Mh-MCY;w&1 izfroknh xqyke jlwy us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd izn'kZ&4 Vsyhxzke ¼rkj½ ij vafdr irk lgh gS] Mkfd;s ls dksbZ nq'euh ugha gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr izn'kZ&4 rkj ds ek/;e ls foØ; vuqca/k dh ikyuk gsrq oknh }kjk izfroknh dks uksfVl fn;k tkuk izekf.kr gSA izfroknh Mh-MCY;w&1 xqyke jlwy us viuh izfrijh{kk esa fuEu LohdkjksfDr dh gS%&
^^eSa ,xzhesaV djus ds le; tehu cspus dks rS;kj Fkk ysfdu eq>s iSls ugha nsus ds dkj.k eSa vkxs vkSj tehu ugha [kjhn ldkA ih-dqekj oknh vkt Hkh eq>s iSls nsus ds fy, rS;kj gS ysfdu eq>s vkt nwljh tehu fey ugha jgh gSA ;fn eq>s nwljh tehu fey tk, rks eSa vkt Hkh tehu cspus ds fy, rS;kj gwa ysfdu eq>s nwljh tehu fey ugha jgh gSA ;g lgh gS fd izn'kZ&1 esa eSaus nwljh tehu [kjhnus ds fy, fookfnr tehu cspus okyh ckr ugha fy[kokbZ gSA**
16mijksDr LohdkjksfDr ls ;g izekf.kr gks tkrk gS fd oknh foØ; vuqca/k ds rgr vius nkf;Ro dk fuoZgu djus vkSj
[CFA-331/2008]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
(14 of 18)
cdk;k jkf'k vnk djus gsrq lnSo rS;kj vkSj rRij jgk gS] tcfd izfroknh }kjk nwljh tehu [kjhnus dk volj ryk'k dj ;g jkf'k izkIr ugha dh gSA izfroknh }kjk nwljh tehu [kjhnus ij gh foØ; vuqca/k dh ikyuk dh tk;sxh] ,slk izn'kZ&1 esa dksbZ mYys[k ugha gSA Li"V gS fd izfroknh le;≤ ij vyx&vyx cpko vkSj cgkus ysrs gq, foØ; i= fu"ikfnr djkus gsrq rRij ugha Fkk] mldh nqHkkZouk Lor% gh izekf.kr gSA
17fo}ku vf/koDrk izfroknh@vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls U;kf;d fu.kZ; Pydi Ramana alias Ramulu Vs. Davarastey Manmadha Rao (2024) 7 SCC 515 izLrqr djrs gq, ;g rdZ fn;k fd okLro esa fu/kkZfjr vof/k esa oknh }kjk cdk;k jkf'k dk Hkqxrku ugha fd;k x;k gS] vr% fofufnZ"V vuqrks"k vf/kfu;e] 1963 ¼ftls vkxs ^^vf/kfu;e&1963** dgk tk;sxk½ dh /kkjk 16lh ds izko/kkuksa dh ikyuk ugha gksus ls foØ; vuqca/k izekf.kr gksus ds ckotwn fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk dk vuqrks"k fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk iznRr fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha FkkA tSlk fd Åij foospu fd;k x;k gS] Lo;a izfroknh dks vns;rk izek.k i= izkIr djuk Fkk vkSj mlds ckn gh oknh dk nkf;Ro Hkqxrku ds laca/k esa mRiUu gksrkA orZeku ekeys esa Lo;a izfroknh }kjk vius izkjafHkd vkSj iwoZorhZ 'krZ dh ikyuk ugha dh gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa mijksDr U;kf;d fu.kZ; izfroknh@vihykFkhZ dks ykHk igqapkus dh fLFkfr esa ugha gSA
[CFA-331/2008]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
(15 of 18)
18fo}ku vf/koDrk izfroknh dh vksj ls vU; U;kf;d fu.kZ; Safdar Ali Khan (since deceased) through LRs. Vs. Lallu Basant Singh (since deceased) through LRs. 2022 (4) RLW 3038 (Raj.) izLrqr fd;k] ftlesa vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd ^^vf/kfu;e&1963** dh /kkjk 16lh esa of.kZr 'krksZa ds vuqlkj oknh dks foØ; vuqca/k ds rgr vius nkf;Ro dk fuoZgu djus gsrq rRij vkSj bPNqd gksuk izekf.kr fd;k tkuk vko';d gS] bl fof/kd O;oLFkk ds laca/k esa dksbZ fookn Hkh ugha gSA
19^^vf/kfu;e&1963** dh /kkjk 16 esa la'kks/ku fo/kkf;dk ds }kjk fd;k x;k gS tks fnukad 01-01-2018 ls izHkkoh gqvk gS] ijUrq orZeku ekeys esa fodz; vuqca/k fnukad 09-04-2005 dk gS rFkk vihyk/khu fu.kZ; fnukad 30-04-2008 dks ikfjr gqvk gSA fo/kkf;dk }kjk fd;k x;k la'kks/ku Hkwry{kh ugha gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa la'kks/ku ds iwoZ ds ewy izko/kku gh bl ekeys esa vkd`"V gksaxsA mijksDrkuqlkj ns[kk tkos rc Hkh oknh fodz; vuqca/k ds rgr vius nkf;Roksa dk fuoZgu djus gsrq lnSo rRij vkSj bPNqd jgk gS] bl rF; dks oknh }kjk vfHkdfFkr Hkh fd;k gS vkSj lk{; ds ek/;e ls izekf.kr Hkh fd;k gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ^^vf/kfu;e&1963** dh /kkjk 16lh dh Hkh ikyuk bl ekeys esa gksuk izekf.kr gSA
20mijksDr foospukuqlkj Li"V gS fd lk{; dk lgh :i ls fo'ys"k.k o foospu djrs gq, fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk fook|d la[;k&2 o 3 dks oknh ds i{k esa rFkk izfroknh ds
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
[CFA-331/2008]
(16 of 18)
foijhr fu.khZr dj tks fu"d"kZ fn;k gS] og iw.kZr% fof/k o rF;ksa ds vuq:i gS] vr% mldh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA
21fo}ku vf/koDrk izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh fuosnu gS fd foØ; vuqca/k fnukad 09-04-2005 dk gS rFkk dqy izfrQy jkf'k esa ls ek= rhu yk[k :i;s gh rRle; izfroknh dks izkIr gq, Fks] 'ks"k lkjoku jkf'k dk Hkqxrku vkt rd ugha gqvk gS tcfd oknxzLr Hkwfe dk cktkj ewY; dbZ xquk c<+ pqdk gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ;fn ewy izfrQy jkf'k ij foØ; i= fu"ikfnr djok;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;k tkrk gS rks izfroknh ds lkFk vU;k; gksxkA
22blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk oknh dk fuosnu gS fd og izfrQy jkf'k vnk djus gsrq lnSo rRij Fkk] Lo;a izfroknh dh nqHkkZoukiwoZd uh;r jgh gS rFkk feF;k o dkYifud cgkus cukrs gq, fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk dks foyfEcr fd;k gS] mudk ;g Hkh fuosnu gS fd izFke vihy izLrqr djus ds mijkar izfroknh ds fuosnu ij gh fu"iknu dk;Zokgh jksdh xbZ gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa tc Lo;a izfroknh i{k dk vkpj.k nks"kiw.kZ o nqHkkZoukiwoZd gS rFkk yEcs le; rd oknh laifRr ds mi;ksx ls oafpr gqvk gS rks ,slh fLFkfr esa izfroknh ds nks"kiw.kZ vkpj.k ds fy, oknh dks ftEesokj ekuk tkuk mfpr ugha gSA
23^^vf/kfu;e&1963** dh /kkjk 20 ds izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk dk vuqrks"k foosdkRed o lkE;k dk vuqrks"k gS rFkk mfpr ekeyksa esa fof/kiw.kZ gksus ds ckotwn fofufnZ"V ikyuk ls budkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA orZeku ekeys
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
[CFA-331/2008]
(17 of 18)
esa izfroknh us foØ; vuqca/k fnukafdr 09-04-2005 Lo;a ds }kjk fu"ikfnr fd;k tkuk Lohdkj fd;k gSA iwoZorhZ foospu ls Li"V gS fd vns;rk izek.k i= izfroknh }kjk miyC/k djok;k tkuk Fkk] ftlesa og vlQy jgk vkSj bl laca/k esa izfroknh ds }kjk Lohd`r nLrkostksa ds foijhr o fojks/kkHkklh vfHkdFku o cpko ysdj vuqca/k dh ikyuk ls budkj fd;k gSA vns;rk izek.k i= oknh }kjk vius Lrj ij fnukad 09-09-2005 dks izkIr fd;k x;k] mlds rqjar i'pkr~ iqu% izfroknh ls mijksDr cdk;k izfrQy jkf'k izkIr dj foØ; i= fu"ikfnr djokus dk vuqjks/k fd;k ijarq izfroknh dk budkjh dk vkpj.k jgkA vuqca/k fnukad 09-04-2005 ds djhc lkr ekg esa okn izLrqr gks pqdk Fkk] izfroknh ln~Hkkfod gksrk rks rRle; gh U;k;ky; esa fopkj.k ds nkSjku cdk;k izfrQy jkf'k izkIr dj foØ; i= fu"ikfnr djokus dh lgefr O;Dr dj ldrk Fkk] ijarq mlds }kjk feF;k vk/kkjksa ij okn dks daVsLV fd;k gSA fnukad 30-04-2008 dks mlds fo:) fu.kZ; ikfjr gksus ds ckotwn mlds }kjk orZeku izFke vihy fcuk fdlh ;qfDr;qDr dkj.k ds lafLFkr dh xbZ rFkk mlds }kjk gh vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ds izHkko dks LFkfxr j[ks tkus dk fuosnu fd;k vkSj bl U;k;ky; }kjk LFkxu vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;kA
24;g Hkh izekf.kr gS fd oknh cdk;k izfrQy jkf'k vnk djus gsrq lnSo rRij Fkk o jgk gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa laifRr dk cktkj ewY; vfHko`f)r gks pqdk gS] ek= bl vk/kkj ij lafonk dh ikyuk ls budkj fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA
(18 of 18) [CFA-331/2008]
[2025:RJ-JP:43072]
;gka ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd oknxzLr laifRr dk dCtk Hkh oknh dks izkIr ugha gqvk gS] vr% og bl laifRr ds mi;ksx o miHkksx ls oafpr gqvk gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa orZeku ekeys dh fof'k"V ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, lafonk dh fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk ls budkj fd;k tkuk ;k r;'kqnk izfrQy jkf'k dks U;k;ky; }kjk c<+k;k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA mijksDr foospu ls Li"V gS fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk vihyk/khu fu.kZ; iw.kZr% rF;ksa o fof/k ds vuq:i gS] mlesa dksbZ vfu;ferrk ;k voS/kkfudrk ugha gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g fu.kZ; iq"V gksus rFkk vihy [kkfjt gksus ;ksX; gSA
25ifj.kker% vihyk/khu fu.kZ; o fMØh fnukad 30-04-2008 dh iqf"V djrs gq, ;g vihy [kkfjt dh tkrh gSA [kpkZ vihy i{kdkjku~ }kjk viuk&viuk ogu fd;k tk;sxk] rn~uqlkj fMØh ipkZ rS;kj fd;k tkosA
(UMA SHANKER VYAS),J
Mittal /res.
2 issues framed by the court
Whether the plaintiff was ready and willing to perform his part of the contract for specific performance.
Whether the contract was terminated due to the plaintiff's failure to pay the balance consideration within the stipulated time.
Colour shows how this judgement treated each authority
Krishna Swaroop Agarwal Vs. Arvind KumarReferred¶79
Krishna Swaroop Agarwal (Dead) Thr. LR. Vs. Arvind Kumar 2025 INSC 859 · Who else cites this
Pydi Ramana alias Ramulu Vs. Davarastey Manmadha RaoReferred¶91
Pydi Ramana alias Ramulu Vs. Davarastey Manmadha Rao (2024) 7 SCC 515 · Who else cites this
Safdar Ali Khan Vs. Lallu Basant SinghReferred¶95
Safdar Ali Khan (since deceased) through LRs. Vs. Lallu Basant Singh (since deceased) through LRs. 2022 (4) RLW 3038 (Raj.)
2 provisions across 1 enactments
Gulam Rasool Khan
P. Kumar
Uma Shanker Vyas
As recorded by the court registry
Judgements on the same questions, provisions and authorities, from every court
