Allowed

Ramkaran S/O Birbal, v. Hdfc Ergo General Insurance Company Ltd.

Rajasthan HC17 Jul 2023CMA/586/2023

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

The Division Bench enhanced the death benefit due to the minor victim's income-generating capacity. The court awarded additional compensation for loss of consortium to the father and mother, totaling 11.12 lakh for the minor, including enhanced death benefit, gratitude, and love and affection.

What did the court decide?

The insurance corporation should pay 11,12,456 rupees as total enhanced death benefit, loss of consortium, gratitude, and love and affection.

Ramkaran S/O Birbal, Vs Hdfc Ergo General Insurance… — Money Laundering | Rajasthan HC (2023)

¶1

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

¶2

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR

¶3

S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 586/2023

¶4

Ramkaran S/o Birbal, Aged About 54 Years, R/o Jhajhala, Post Dokan, Tehsil Neemkathana, District Sikar, Raj..

¶5

Smt. Bidami Devi W/o Ramkaran, Aged About 52 Years, R/o Jhajhala, Post Dokan, Tehsil Neemkathana, District Sikar, Raj.

¶6

----Appellants

¶7

Versus

¶8

Hdfc Ergo General Insurance Company Ltd., Through Regional Manager, Regional Office, 302, Third Floor, Upasana Tower, C-Scheme, Subhash Marg, Jaipur, Raj. (Insurance Company Of Vehicle).

¶9

Brajmohan S/o Narayanram, R/o Dhani Ahiran Tan Patan, Tehsil Neemkathana, District Sikar, Raj.(Registered Owner Of Vehicle Bus).

¶10

Omprakash S/o Narayanram, R/o Dhani Govindala, Tan Raipur, Thana Patan, Tehsil Neemkathana, District Sikar. (Driver Of Vehicle Bus.).

¶11

----Respondents

¶12

For Appellant(s) : Mr. Ram Sharan Sharma, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Virendra Agrawal (for respondent No. 1)

¶13

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR Order

¶14

17/07/2023

¶15

1- vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr izkFkZuk&i= vUrxZr /kkjk 5 ifjlhek vf/kfu;e esa vafdr fd;s x;s dkj.kksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, vihy izLrqr djus esa gqbZ nsjh dks {kek djrs gq, gLrxr izkFkZuk&i= Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gSA

¶16

2- vihykFkhZx.k }kjk ;g vihy /kkjk 173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk nkok U;k;kf/kdj.k] uhedkFkkuk]

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

[CMA-586/2023]

(2 of 9)

ftyk lhdj ¼ftls vkxs ^vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&56@2016 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 20-09-2022 ds fo#) izLrqr dh gSA

¶21

3- vihykFkhZx.k }kjk vf/kdj.k ds le{k] lhrkjke dh eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa e`R;q gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 1]25]10]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;h FkhA vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdk esa ;kphx.k dks dqy 9]81]736@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf’k e; C;kt 8 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA ftlesa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq ;g vihy izLrqr dh x;hA

¶22

4- izdj.k ds la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gS fd fnukad 30-07-2016 dks le; djhc 6%00&6%30 cts erd lhrkjke viuh eksVjlkbZfdy uEcj&vkjts&23&,l,Dl&2623 ls dkykdksVk ls vius ?kj vk jgk FkkA tSls gh tSriqjk esa 'kh'kjke xqtZj ds [ksr ds lkeus igqWpk rks lkeus ikVu dh rjQ ls ,d cl uEcj&vkjts&23&ih,&7952 dks mldk pkyd rst xfr o ykijokgh ls pykrk gqvk yk;k vkSj jk¡x lkbZM esa vkdj lhrkjke dh eksVjlkbZfdy ds lkeus ls VDdj ekj nh] ftlls nq?kZVuk esa dkfjr xaHkhj pksVksa ds ifj.kkeLo:i nkSjkus bZykt lhrkjke dh eR;q gks x;hA nq?kZVuk ckcr~ iqfyl Fkkuk lnj uhedkFkkuk esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k&226@2016 ntZ djokbZ x;hA ftlesa vuqla/kku ds mijkar cl ds pkyd izR;FkhZ la[;k&3 ds fo#) l{ke U;k;ky; esa Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk dh /kkjk 279] 304&, ds rgr vkjksi i= U;k;ky; esa izLrqr fd;k x;kA

¶23

5- nq?kZVuk esa lhrkjke dh eR;q gks tkus ds QyLo#i vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k ds le{k Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;hA Dyse ;kfpdk esa of.kZr rF;ksa ds vuqlkj erd dks 23 o"khZ; vk;q dk gksuk crkrs gq, mldh ekfld vk; 15]000@& #i;s vafdr dh x;h rFkk {kfriwfrZ dh fofHkUu en esa dqy 1]25]10]000@& #i;s dh ekax dh x;hA

¶24

6- jksM+ost cl ds pkyd izR;FkhZ la[;k&3 us vf/kdj.k ds le{k mifLFkr gksdj Dyse ;kfpdk dk tokc izLrqr dj ;kfpdk esa vafdr fd;s

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

[CMA-586/2023]

(3 of 9)

x;s vf/kdka'k rF;ksa dks tkudkjh ds vHkko esa vLohdkj fd;k x;k rFkk ;g vfHkdFku fd;k x;k fd gLrxr nq?kZVuk esa izR;FkhZ la[;k&3 dh dksbZ ykijokgh ugha FkhA gLrxr okgu ls dHkh dksbZ nq?kZVuk dkfjr ugha gqbZA vihykFkhZx.k }kjk Dyse izkIr djus gsrq ;g feF;k Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh gSA izR;FkhZ la[;k&2 okgu ekfyd }kjk vf/kdj.k ds le{k mifLFkr gksdj gLrxr Dyse ;kfpdk dk tokc izLrqr dj ;kfpdk esa vafdr fd;s x;s vf/kdka'k rF;ksa dks tkudkjh ds vHkko esa vLohdkj fd;k x;k rFkk ;g tokc ds fo'ks"k dFku esa ;g vfHkdFku fd;k x;k fd mlds okgu dks oS/k vuqKki=/kkjh pkyd izR;FkhZ la[;k&3 }kjk pyk;k tk jgk FkkA ftldh nq?kZVuk esa fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ ykijokgh ugha jgh gSA vr% vihykFkhZx.k dh Dyse ;kfpdk dks vLohdkj dj [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA

¶29

7- izR;FkhZ la[;k&1 chek dEiuh dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k ds le{k mifLFkr gksdj gLrxr Dyse ;kfpdk dk tokc izLrqr dj nq?kZVuk ds rF;ksa dks vLohdkj djrs gq, gLrxr okgu dh ykijokgh ls nq?kZVuk dkfjr ugha gksuk crk;k rFkk gLrxr okgu dks feF;k Dyse izkIr djus ds mn~ns'; ls >waBk Qalk;k tkuk tkfgj fd;kA var esa mijksDr vk/kkjksa ij gLrxr Dyse ;kfpdk [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA

¶30

8- vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij Dyse izkFkZuk&i= ds fu.kZ; gsrq ikap fook|dksa dh jpuk dh xbZA 9- vihykFkhZx.k }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk ds leFkZu esa ekSf[kd lk{; esa xokg ,-MCY;w&1 jkedj.k o ,-MCY;w&2 n;kypan dks ijhf{kr djok;k x;k rFkk nLrkosth lk{; ds :i esa izn’kZ&1 yxk;r izn’kZ&18 dks is’k dj iznf’kZr djok;k x;kA

¶31

10vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr lk{; ds [k.Mu esa izR;FkhZ la[;k&1 chek dEiuh dh vksj ls ekSf[kd lk{; esa xokg ,u-,-MCY;w&1 vfer 'kekZ dks ijhf{kr djok;k x;kA

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

[CMA-586/2023]

(4 of 9)

11vf/kdj.k }kjk lk{; ys[kc) djus ds mijkar Dyse ;kfpdk dk fuLrkj.k vkyksP; vkns’k }kjk djrs gq, dqy 9]81]736@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf’k e; C;kt 8 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h] ftlls O;fFkr gksdj vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls gLrxr vihy izLrqr dh x;h gSA

¶36

12fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd oDr ?kVuk erd Hkkjh okgu pykdj yxHkx 15]000@& #i;s izfrekg dh vk; vftZr djrk FkkA fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k us erd dh nSfud vk; U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij 201@& #i;s ekuh tkdj tks {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZfjr dh gS] mlesa c<+ksrjh dh tk,A fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g Hkh jgk fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k us vU; enksa esa dsoyek= 70]000@& #i;s fnyok;s gSaA tcfd mPpre U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ;qukbZVsM bf.M;k bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; flfoy vihy uEcj&2705@2020] fjiksVZsM bu fu.kZ; fnukad 30-06-2020 ds vuqlkj izR;sd vihykFkhZx.k dks ^^ykWl vkWQ dalksfVZ;e** dh en esa 40]000@& #i;s fnyok;k tkuk vko';d FkkA nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd vf/kdj.k }kjk C;kt jkf'k Hkh cgqr de fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftlesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

¶37

13blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh dh vksj ls rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k ds le{k erd dh vk; dk dksbZ izek.k izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gSA blds vfrfjDr ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us U;kf;d n"Vkar us'kuy bZa';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh- 680 ds ekeys esa vkfJr vk; dh {kfr ds vfrfjDr vU; en esa dqy 70]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vnk fd;s tkus dk fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k gSA tks jkf'k fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyokbZ x;h gS] mlesa dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;s tkus dk dksbZ vk/kkj ekStwn ugha gSA us'kuy bZa';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

[CMA-586/2023]

(5 of 9)

vU; ¼mijksDr½ ekeyk ikap U;k;k/kh'kksa dh lafo/kku ihB dk fu.kZ; gSA vr% mijksDr U;kf;d n`"Vkar ds ekeys dks gh vk/kkj ekuk tkdj fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k tkosA

¶42

14nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lquh x;hA vihy i=koyh o vf/kdj.k ds vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA

¶43

15vihy i=koyh ds voyksdu ls ;g izdV gksrk gS fd ;g vihy vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSA vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k ds le{k tks lk{; izLrqr dh x;h gS] mlds vuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k us erd lhrkjke ds ,p-Vh-oh- ykbZlsal dks U;k;ky; esa izLrqr djok;k x;k Fkk] ftlls izdV gksrk gS fd oDr ?kVuk erd ^^gSoh VªkaliksVZ Oghdy** ¼Hkkjh ifjogu okgu½ pykdj viuh vk; vftZr djrk FkkA vr% bl izdkj tks O;fDr ,p-Vh-oh- MªkbZfoax ykbZlsal la/kkfjr djrk gS] og fuf'pr :i ls dq'ky Js.kh dk O;fDr ekuk tk,xk vkSj ,sls O;fDr dh e`R;q dh n'kk esa mldh vk; dq'ky Js.kh ds etnwj dh vk; ds vk/kkj ij gh fu/kkZfjr dh tk,xhA

¶44

16vihykFkhZx.k] vf/kdj.k ds le{k bl vk'k; dh lk{; izLrqr djus esa vlQy jgs gSa fd okLro esa erd 15]000@& #i;s dh ekfld vk; vftZr djrk gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge erd dks dq'ky Js.kh dk Jfed ekurs gq, eR;q dh ?kVuk fnukad 30-07-2016 dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, rRle; e`rd lhrkjke dh nSfud vk; 221@& #i;s izfrfnu ds fglkc ls ekfld vk; 6]630@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gS a A

¶45

17oDr ?kVuk erd dks 23 o"kZ vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa us'kuy bZa';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj erd dh vk;q dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, erd dh mijksDr fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 6]630@& #i;s esa Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh en esa 40 izfr'kr jkf'k vFkkZr 2]652@& #i;s dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk mfpr gSA bl izdkj mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks e`rd

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

[CMA-586/2023]

(6 of 9)

dh ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar e`rd dh dqy ekfld vk; 9]282@& #i;s gksrh gS tks {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA

¶50

18oDr ?kVuk erd vfookfgr FkkA vr% us'kuy bZa';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa fn;s x;s fn'kk funsZ'kksa ds vuqlkj erd ds O;fDrxr [kpZ dh dVkSrh dh en esa 9]282@& #i;s esa ls 50 izfr'kr jkf'k dh dVkSrh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA mDr dVkSrh fd;s tkus ds mijkar vkfJr vk; dh {kfr 4]641@& #i;s izfrekg 'ks"k jg tkrh gSA oDr ?kVuk erd 23 o"khZ; vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ;gh vk;q erd ds fpfdRldh; nLrkostkr esa vafdr dh x;h gSA vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k ds le{k ,slh dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;h gS] ftlls oDr ?kVuk erd dh vk;q 23 o"kZ ls vU;Fkk gksuk izekf.kr gksrh gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ cuke Mh-Vh-lh-] fjiksVZsM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr rFkk us'kuy bZa';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa mDr fl)kUr dks ekU;rk iznku fd;s tkus ds QyLo:Ik erd dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfriwfrZ dh x.kuk gsrq mldh vk;q 23 o"kZ dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, 18 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rn~uqlkj erd dh fu/kkZfjr vk; 4]641@& #i;s ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZx.k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vkfJr vk; dh dqy {kfr 4]641 x 12 x 18 = 10]02]456@& #i;s gksrh gS tks vihykFkhZx.k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSaA

¶51

19fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks lEink dh {kfr rFkk vafre laLdkj dh en esa 15&15 gtkj #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gSA ftlesa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶52

20fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks lkgp;Z o lq[k dh gkfu dh en esa dsoyek= 40]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k gh vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyokbZ x;h gSA

[CMA-586/2023]

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

(7 of 9)

21;g lgh gS fd us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Likmly dalksfVZ;e dh en esa 40]000@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ vnk fd;s tkus ds vkns’k fd;s gSaA fdUrq mPpre U;k;ky; us vius fu.kZ; esxek tujy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke o vU; ] flfoy felysfu;l vihy uEcj&9581@2018 esa fnukad 18-09-2018 dks ikfjr fu.kZ; o mPpre U;k;ky; dh iw.kZ ihB us vius fu.kZ; ;qukbZVsM bf.M;k bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; flfoy vihy uEcj&2705@2020] fu.kZ; fnukad 30-06-2020 esa ^^Likml dalksfVZ;e** ds vfrfjDr ^^isjsaVy dalksfVZ;e** o ^^fQfy;y dalksfVZ;e** jkf’k vnk fd;s tkus dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gSA

¶57

22;qukbZVsM bf.M;k bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj ¼mijksDr½ eas ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us ;g fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS fd %&

¶58

“b) Loss of Consortium Loss of Consortium, in legal parlance, was historically given a narrow meaning to be awarded only to the spouse i.e. the right of the spouse to the company, care, help, comfort, guidance, society, solace, affection and sexual relations with his or her mate. The loss of companionship, love, care and protection, etc., the spouse is entitled to get, has to be compensated appropriately. The concept of non- pecuniary damage for loss of consortium is one of the major heads for awarding compensation in various jurisdictions such as the United States of America, Australia, etc. English courts have recognised the right of a spouse to get compensation even during the period of temporary disablement.

¶59

In Magma General Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Nanu Ram & Ors., this Court interpreted “consortium” to be a compendious term, which encompasses spousal consortium, parental consortium, as well as filial consortium. The right to consortium would include the company, care, help, comfort, guidance, solace and affection of the deceased, which is a loss to his family. With respect to a

(8 of 9)

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

[CMA-586/2023]

spouse, it would include sexual relations with the deceased spouse.

¶64

Parental consortium is granted to the child upon the premature death of a parent, for loss of parental aid, protection, affection, society, discipline, guidance and training.

¶65

Filial consortium is the right of the parents to compensation in the case of an accidental death of a child. An accident leading to the death of a child causes great shock and agony to the parents and family of the deceased. The greatest agony for a parent is to lose their child during their lifetime. Children are valued for their love and affection, and their role in the family unit. Modern jurisdictions world-over have recognized that the value of a child’s consortium far exceeds the economic value of the compensation awarded in the case of the death of a child. Most jurisdictions permit parents to be awarded compensation under loss of consortium on the death of a child. The amount awarded to the parents is the compensation for loss of love and affection, care and companionship of the deceased child.

¶66

23bl izdkj ;qukbZVsM bf.M;k bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj

¶67

dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ekeys dk voyac ysrs gq, ge vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 o 2 dks ekrk&firk o iq= dh lkgp;Z o lq[k ls oafpr gksus dh fLFkfr esa ^^fQfy;y dalksfVZ;e** ds :i esa 40&40 gtkj #i;s dh jkf'k izR;sd vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gS a A

¶68

24mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSa %&

¶69

Øe la-	'kh"kZ@en	vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ x;h jkf’k	bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k
1-	vkfJr vk; dh {kfr ds en esa	9]11]736@&	10]02]456@&
2-	dalksfVZ;e ds en esa	40]000@&	izR;sd vihykFkhZ dks 40]000@& dqy 80]000@&
3-	vafre laLdkj ds en esa	15]000@&	15]000@&
4-	lEink dh gkfu ds en esa	15]000@&	15]000@&
	dqy	9]81]736@&#i;s	11]12]456@&#i;s

[CMA-586/2023]

[2023:RJ-JP:14470]

(9 of 9)

25rnuqlkj ;g vihy vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV ftlds }kjk fd vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l dks 9]81]736@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 11]12]456@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA vihykFkhZx.k }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZx.k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh ik;s tkrs gSaA

¶74

26mDr jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZx.k] 8 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSaA

¶75

27vkns’k dh izfr ds lkFk izdj.k dk vfHkys[k lacaf/kr vf/kdj.k dks ykSVk;k tkosA

¶76

28rnuqlkj ;g vihy fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA

¶77

(ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J

¶78

LOKESH RAJ /106

Ramkaran S/O Birbal, v. Hdfc Ergo General Insurance Company Ltd.

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Ramkaran S/O Birbal, v. Hdfc Ergo General Insurance Company Ltd.

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

A compact analysis

Issues for consideration

Cases cited

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