Partly allowed

Rajendra Singh Harnamsingh Sethi v. the State of Maharashtra and Ors.

Bombay HC5 Dec 2012WP/1874/2006

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

The Court held that police officers illegally entered the petitioner's private property by breaking the lock and seized the car. The entry and seizure violated due process. No search warrant existed under the CrPC and no specific authorization under the Motor Vehicles Act was proven.

What did the court decide?

Action against officers to be initiated by State; costs of Rs.10,000 awarded against State; Rule partly made absolute.

Rajendra Singh Harnamsingh Sethi Vs the State of… — Property and Title | Bombay HC (2012)

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wp-1874.06

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

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CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO.1874 OF 2006

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Rajender Singh Sethi S/o. Harnamsingh Sethi, .. Petitioner Vs State of Maharashtra & Others. .. Respondents

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Shri Nitin Pradhan i/by M/s. Pandey & Co for the Petitioner. Shri J.P. Yagnik, APP for the Respondent Nos.1 to 6 and 8.

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CORAM : A.S. OKA & S.S. SHINDE, JJ DATE : 5TH DECEMBER, 2012

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ORAL JUDGMENT :( PER A.S. OKA, J )

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Heard learned counsel appearing for the Petitioner and the learned APP for Respondent Nos.1 to 6 and 8. None appears for the Respondent Nos.7 and 9. They are represented by Advocates.

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The grievance in this Petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India is that the seizure of a Car made by the Respondent Nos. 7 to 9 under panchanama dated 20^th August 2006 is illegal. It is pointed out in the Petition that the grievance was made by filing complaint dated 20^th August, 2006 against the Respondent Nos.7 to 9 of their action of illegally taking possession of the car. An

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application dated 24^th August, 2006 for return of the Car was made to the Respondent No.7. The first prayer in this Petition is for calling for the record relating to panchanama dated 20^th August, 2006 and a search report of the same day from the office of Respondent Nos.6 to 8. There is also a direction sought for initiating action against the Respondent Nos.7 and 8. The second prayer in the Petition is for directing return of the vehicle. The third prayer is for restraining the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 from harassing the Petitioner at the instance and instigation of the Respondent No.9 and entertaining false complaints of Respondent No.9.

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The averments made in the Petition disclose that there is some dispute between the Petitioner and the Respondent No.9. It is alleged that on 20^th August, 2006, a Car more particularly described in the Petition was parked inside the compound of the Petitioner’s bungalow. It is alleged that on 20^th August, 2006 at about 8 p.m., the Respondent No.7 (Inspector of Regional Transport Office, Mumbai ) and Respondent No.8 (Sub-Inspector of Police attached to Meghwadi Police Station, Mumbai ), broke open the lock on the gate of the compound and illegally possessed the Car. It is alleged that while doing so, they damaged the car and also called upon one key-maker to prepare a duplicate key of the car. In the process, lock of the car was damaged. It is alleged that a fake number plate was affixed on the car by the

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Respondent Nos.7 and 8 with a view to create false evidence. It is alleged that the car was forcibly taken by Respondent Nos.7 and 8. The learned counsel appearing for the Petitioner has invited our attention to the panchanama drawn by Respondent No.8 on 20^th August, 2006. He pointed out that without any authority of law, the Respondent No.8 who is the Police Officer and Respondent No.7 who is the Inspector of Regional Transport Office entered into the private property of the Petitioner by breaking open the lock and took over the possession of the car. The possession was taken by the Respondent No.8 Police Officer and handed over the same to the Respondent No.7 and that the Respondent No.7 towed away the Petitioner’s car. He pointed out that the panchanama records that the lock on gate of the property was opened by using a duplicate key which was got prepared from a key maker. He pointed out that this action of the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 is without any authority of law. He urged that only on the basis of the letter allegedly written by the Respondent No.7, the Respondent No.8 has taken the illegal action. He submitted that there was no offence registered against the Petitioner in relation to the car when the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 forced their entry in the property of the Petitioner. He pointed out that the offence was belatedly registered about the alleged incident of 20^th August, 2006 at the instance of the Respondent No.7 on 7^th September, 2006 which is the subject matter of challenge in the companion Petition. He stated that the offence was

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registered only after service of private notice of this petition. He, therefore, urged that as the action of Respondent Nos.7 and 8 is highhanded and without any authority of law, this is a fit case where action against these two officers should be initiated.

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The learned APP appearing for Respondent Nos.1 to 6 and 8 pointed out that the action was initiated on the basis of the requisition made by the Respondent No.7 in writing. He pointed out the conduct of the Petitioner as reflected from the affidavits as well as aforesaid First Information Report lodged by the Respondent No.7. He submitted that essentially the action has been initiated by the Regional Transport Office. He invited our attention to the various provisions of Chapter VII of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. He submitted that the affidavit of Respondent No.7 indicates that after finding the car exhibiting fake registration number plate, to prevent illegality, the action has been taken. He submitted that the Respondent No.8 acted in good faith and in bona fide manner upon the requisition of the Respondent No.7 ( the Inspector of Regional Transport Office) and, therefore, no action can be initiated as against the Respondent No.8.

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We have carefully considered the submissions. There is nothing on record to show that as of the relevant date i.e. 20^th August, 2006, there was any offence registered against the Petitioner in relation

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to the car. As far as the offence registered vide C.R.No.142 of 2006 is concerned, the same was registered on basis of the complaint belatedly lodged by the Respondent No.7 on 7^th September 2006 after the service of private notice of this Petition. The complaint is of the incident of 20^th August, 2006. The allegation therein is that on 20^th August 2006, a Toyota Corolla Car on which a false number plate was affixed was seen in the compound of Bungalow No.113A and the gate of the compound was locked. It is alleged that the Respondent No.8 Police Officer summoned a duplicate key maker. After a duplicate key was made, the lock was opened and possession of the car was taken.

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It will be necessary to make a reference to the Affidavit of Respondent No.7. As the Advocate for the Respondent No.7 did not appear yesterday and today, we have perused the said affidavit. There are various allegations made against the Petitioner in the said affidavit which may not be relevant and germane to the controversy involved in the present Petition. The material portion of the affidavit-in-reply as regards the incident of the relevant date will have to be considered. From the affidavit, it appears that a requisition in writing was made by the Respondent No.7 to the officer in-charge of the Meghwadi Police Station. It will be material to note what is stated in the said communication made by the Respondent No.7. The communication has been annexed by the Respondent No.7 himself. Perusal of the said

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communication shows that the Respondent No.7 intended to possess the car and, therefore, he approached the Senior Inspector of Police, Meghwadi Police Station, Mumbai. By the said communication, he sought co-operation of the police for breaking open the lock on the compound gate for taking action under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and for possessing the vehicle. In Paragraph No.30 of the affidavit-inreply, he stated that the gate of the bungalow was locked and it was unmanned. He has stated that there was “no indication about its ownership”. He claims in Paragraph No.28 that due process of law was followed. At this stage, we may note that in the aforesaid communication, the Respondent No.7 has not stated that there is any order passed by the Competent Court or appropriate authority which empowered him to possess the said vehicle. We have perused the panchanama dated 20^th August, 2006 drawn by the Respondent No.8 Police Officer. The panchanama records that the gate of the bungalow was under a lock and, therefore, a duplicate key was got prepared from a key maker. Thereafter, by using the duplicate key, the gate was opened and the car was towed away. The obstruction by an Advocate and members of the family of the Petitioner has been noted. We are not specifically referring to the said aspect as the said aspect is subject matter of the companion Petition. The panchanama records that Respondent Nos.7 and 8 entered the compound. In the panchanama, it is further recorded that the possession of the car was taken by the

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Respondent No.7 for towing the same to the office of the Regional Transport Office at Tulsiwadi, Mumbai in accordance with the provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.

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Thus, as set out in the panchanama and the affidavit in reply filed by the Respondent No.7 , at his instance, the Respondent No.8 entered the compound of the bungalow by opening the lock after getting a duplicate key prepared and took over the possession of the car and handed over the same to the Respondent No.7. We may note here that on a specific query made by the Court, the learned APP stated that there was no search warrant issued in accordance with Chapter VII of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. He accepted that the car was not seized by exercising the power under Section 102 of the said Code. In any case, it is not the case of the Respondent No.8 that after seizure of the car, a report was forthwith submitted to the learned Magistrate having jurisdiction over the area. No other provision of law is shown to us by the learned APP for justifying the forcible entry of the police and the Respondent No.7 in the compound of the bungalow of the Petitioner and for justifying the taking over possession of the car. Under Section 207 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, there is a power vesting in a Police Officer or other person authorised by the State Government in that behalf to seize and detain a vehicle. However, it is not the case of the Respondent No.7 that he was duly authorised by the State Government

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under Section 207(1). It is not at all the case of the police or the State Government that the power under Section 207(1) was exercised. Even assuming that the power under Section 207(1) was exercised, the power under the said provision does not extend to forcing entry in a private immovable property by removing lock thereon without following due process of law. In any event, the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 could not have entered private property after opening lock of the gate by a duplicate key without following due process of law.

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Thus, going by what is recorded in the communication of the Respondent No.7 and what is set out in the panchanama, it is obvious that the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 without following due process of law entered the compound of the bungalow of the Petitioner after opening the lock by getting a duplicate key prepared. Without following due process of law, the Respondent No.8 entered the Petitioner's property took over the possession of the car and handed over the same to the Respondent No.7. Therefore, the action of Respondent Nos.7 and 8 of entering the property by opening the lock and by taking away the said car is illegal. The action cannot be supported by any provision of law. The adjudication of the allegation that a number plate was fixed on the car by the Respondent Nos. 7 and 8 with a view to fabricate evidence against the Petitioner will involve disputed questions of fact. Therefore, we are not recording any finding

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on this aspect.

As far as prayer for initiating disciplinary inquiry against the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 is concerned, we cannot issue a writ of mandamus. However, the appropriate authority of the State Government will have to consider the conduct of the said Respondents and will have to take appropriate decision in this behalf after ascertaining whether they have acted on their own or under the orders of the higher officers.

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It is not in dispute that subsequently under the orders of the learned Magistrate, the Petitioner has taken over the possession of the car. However, we cannot ignore the manner in which the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 illegally entered the property and forcibly took away the car in their custody. Therefore, this is a case where the State Government will have to be saddled with costs. The learned APP submitted that the costs may be made payable by the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 as it is their illegal action and it is their fault. We may note here that the Petition was filed in the year 2006. Even after the illegality committed by the Respondent Nos.7 and 8 was noticed, the State Government has not taken any action against the said officers. Therefore, the costs will have to be paid by the State Government which we quantify at Rs.10,000/-. It is for the State Government to recover

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the costs from the erring officers after following due process of law.

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Hence, we pass the following order:

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ORDER :

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(a) We hold that the action of seventh and eighth Respondents of entering the property of the Petitioner and of taking over possession of the Car in question is illegal. As the Petitioner is already in possession of the Car on the basis of the order of the Competent Court, no direction need to be issued in that behalf;

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(b) We direct the third and fourth Respondents or any other appropriate officer of the State Government appointed in that behalf by the State Government to examine the role played by the seventh and eighth Respondents, and to initiate action against them, if necessary, in accordance with law;

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(c ) The appropriate officer of the State Government shall take appropriate action in accordance with law as aforesaid within a period of three months from today;

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(d) We direct the first Respondent State of Maharashtra to pay costs of Rs.10,000/- (Rupees Ten Thousand Only) to the Petitioner within a period of eight weeks from today;

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(e) It will be open for the State Government to initiate appropriate proceedings for recovery of the costs from the erring officer/s;

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(f) The Rule is partly made absolute on above terms;

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(g) All the concerned to act upon an authenticated copy of this order.

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( S.S. SHINDE, J )

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( A.S. OKA, J )

Rajendra Singh Harnamsingh Sethi v. the State of Maharashtra and Ors.

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Rajendra Singh Harnamsingh Sethi v. the State of Maharashtra and Ors.

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

A compact analysis

Issues for consideration

Statutes considered

Parties & counsel

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