Quashed

Mangi Lal v. State of Rajasthan

Rajasthan HC2 Nov 2023CRLR/475/2022

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

In this Criminal Revision Petition, the High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan considered petitions seeking to quash murders/culpable homicide proceedings under Section 307 IPC. The petitioners argued that conviction was unsustainable as no death-causing injury occurred and some charges were based on compoundable sections. Considering State of M.P. v. Kashiram, the Court held that Section 307 appl

What did the court decide?

The Criminal Revision Petition was quashed and the impugned order of the Lower Court was set aside to be tried according to law.

Mangi Lal Vs State of Rajasthan — Murder and Culpable Homicide | Rajasthan HC (2023)

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[2023:RJ-JD:37169]

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HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR

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S.B. Criminal Revision Petition No. 475/2022

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Mangi Lal S/o Shri Dhokal Ram, Aged About 63 Years, B/c Bishnoi, R/o Village Barwa, Nosra Police Station, District Jalore.

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Babu Lal @ Babu Ram S/o Shri Dhokal Ram, Aged About 45 Years, B/c Bishnoi, R/o Village Barwa, Nosra Police Station, District Jalore.

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Sri Ram S/o Mangi Lal, Aged About 41 Years, B/c Bishnoi, R/o Village Barwa, Nosra Police Station, District Jalore.

¶7

Bhoma Ram S/o Shri Dhokal Ram, Aged About 33 Years, R/o Village Rochia Kalla, Luni Police Station, Jodhpur, District Jodhpur.

¶8

Meka Ram S/o Dhokal Ram, Aged About 54 Years, B/c Bishnoi, R/o Village Rochia Kalla, Luni Police Station, Jodhpur, District Jodhpur, At Present R/o Village Barwa, Nosra Police Station, District Jalore.

¶9

Mangla Ram S/o Shri Mangi Lal, Aged About 46 Years, B/c Bishnoi, R/o Rohicha Kalla, Luni Police Station, Jodhpur, District Jodhpur. At Present R/o Village Barwa, Nosra Police Station, District Jalore.

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----Petitioners

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Versus

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The State Of Rajasthan, Through PP

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Laxman Singh S/o Devi Singh, B/c Rajput, R/o Village Barwa, Nosra Police Station, District Jalore.

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----Respondents

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For Petitioner(s) : Mr. Bhagirath Ray Bishnoi For Respondent(s) : Mr. Mahipal Bishnoi, PP

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HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT

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Judgment

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Order Reserved on 19/10/2023 Date of Pronouncement 02/11/2023

¶19

1- fuxjkuhdrkZx.k }kjk ;g fuxjkuh fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; vij ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k] ikyh ¼jkt-½ }kjk jkT; cuke ekaxhyky oxSjg] ls'ku izdj.k la[;k 204@2015 esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 21-03-2022 ls O;fFkr gksdj izLrqr dh xbZ gSA

[2023:RJ-JD:37169]

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2- la{ksi esa izdj.k ds rF; bl izdkj gS fd izR;FkhZ la[;k 2 y{e.k flag }kjk ,d fyf[kr fjiksVZ Fkkukf/kdkjh] iqfyl Fkkuk jksgV] ftyk ikyh ds le{k fnukad 20-06-2014 dks le; 2-15 ih,e ij bl vk'k; dh izLrqr dh fd iqxrjh xkao ds ikl vkbZ gqbZ lqdMh unh esa ctjh ds Bsds ij jlhn dkVus dk dke eqLrxhl djrk gS] mlds lkFk gloar flag Hkh dke djrk gS rFkk ctjh ds Bsdsnkj }kjk QykbZax esa psfdax gsrq bZ'oj flag] vt; flag] vt;iky flag dks yxk;k gqvk gSA fnukad 20-06-2014 dks lqcg 9 cts ctjh ds Bsds ij vk, gq, Fks] bl nkSjku VªSDVj ysdj ckcqyky fo'uksbZ ctjh ysus ds fy, unh esa vk;k] og ctjh Hkjdj okil tkus yxk] rc mlus ckcqyky dks jkW;YVh jlhn gsrq dgk rks mlus jkW;YVh nsus ls euk dj fn;k] rc mlus o QykbZax esa vk, gq, vt;iky flag us ckcqyky dks VªSDVj [kkyh djus dks dgk rks ckcqyky us VªSDVj [kkyh djus ls euk fd;k] og Qksu djds vius HkkbZ ekaxhyky fo'uksbZ dks cqyk fy;k vkSj ckn esa [kkyh VªSDVj dks ysdj pyk x;k vkSj 11 ls 12 cts ds chp rS;kjh djds ekaxhyky] ckcqyky] esdkjke] Jhjke o vU; nks&rhu vkneh vk,] ftuds gkFk esa ykfB;ka] dqYgkM+h Fkh] tku ls ekjus dh fu;r ls geyk dj fn;k vkSj eqLrxhl ds gkFk] eqag o 'kjhj t[eh gks x;kA

¶24

3- vt;iky flag ds ekaxhyky ds cM+s iq= us dqYgkMh ls ekjhA pksV yxrs gh vt;iky flag csgks'k gks x;k vkSj uhps fxj x;k] fQj mUgksaus iM+s gq, vt;iky flag ds lkFk /kM+k/kM+ ykfB;ksa ls ekjihV dh] oxSjk&oxSjk fjiksVZ ds vk/kkj izFke lwpuk fjiksV la[;k 128@2014 vUrxZr /kkjk 143] 341] 323] 307 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa eqdnek ntZ dj rQrh'k dh xbZ] ckn rQrh'k vfHk;qDrx.k&fuxjkuhdrkZx.k ds fo:) /kkjk 148] 341] 323] 325] 307@149 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa vkjksi&i= izLrqr fd;k x;k] tks dfeV gksdj ls'ku U;k;ky; esa vk;k] ftl ij v/khuLFk U;k;ky; vij ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k] ikyh }kjk vk{ksfir vkns'k fnukad 21-03-2022 ds }kjk cgl pktZ lquh tkdj vfHk;qDrx.k ds fo:) /kkjk 148] 341] 323@149] 325@149] 307@149 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds rgr vkjksi fojfpr fd, tkus dk vkns'k fn;k x;k vkSj vkns'kkuqlkj pktZ fojfpr dj lquk;k o le>k;k x;k] ftl ij vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk vUoh{kk pkgh] ftl vkns'k ls O;fFkr gksdj ;g fuxjkuh izLrqr dh xbZ gSA

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(3 of 6)

4- fuxjkuhdrkZx.k }kjk viuh fuxjkuh esa ;g fuosnu fd;k x;k fd /kkjk 307 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dk izFke n"V;k ekeyk cuuk ugha ik;k tkrk gSA vt;iky flag ds pksV la[;k 1 ls 3 tks flj ij vkuk v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk ekuk gS] og lk/kkj.k o HkksVs gfFk;kj ls vkuk ikbZ xbZ rFkk pksV la[;k 5 o 7 Hkh lk/kkj.k o HkksVs gfFk;kj ls vkuk ikbZ xbZ gSa] dsoy pksV la[;k 4 xaHkhj izdfr dh gSA flj ij dksbZ xaHkhj izd`fr dh pksV ugha gSA izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa Lora= xokg dk uke vafdr ugha fd;k x;k gSA eqLrxhl }kjk Lo;a] vt;iky flag o gloar flag dk uke crk;k x;k gS] tcfd Jo.kflag o bZ'oj flag dh lk{; Hkh p'enhn lk{; ds :i esa ntZ dh xbZ gSA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk vkns'k Non Speaking vkns'k gSA eqLrxhl o vkgr ds c;ku] pksV izfrosnu izi= ls esy ugha [kkrs gSaA dksbZ pksV 'kjhj ds Vital Part ij vkuk ugha ikbZ xbZ gS vkSj pksV Dangerous to Life dh Js.kh esa Hkh ugha vkrh gSA bl vk/kkj ij v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk vkns'k fujLr dj vfHk;qDrx.k dks fMLpktZ fd, tkus dh izkFkZuk dh gSA

¶29

5- cgl fuxjkuh lquh xbZA

¶30

6- ;ksX; vf/koDrk fuxjkuhdrkZx.k }kjk nkSjkus cgl fuxjkuh esa of.kZr fd, x, rF;ksa dks nksgjkrs gq, ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k fd ctjh ykus dks ysdj bl ekeys esa >xM+k dkfjr gksuk crk;k x;k gSA dksbZ bjknk tku ls ekjus dk gksuk bl ekeys esa lk{; ls izdV ugha gksrk] dsoy ,d pksV xaHkhj izdfr dh vkuk ikbZ xbZ gS] tks Hkh QkWj vkElZ ij vkuk ikbZ xbZ gS] vU; 'kjhj dh pksV lk/kkj.k izdfr dh gSA leLr eqyfteku dks bl ekeys esa >wBk Qalk;k x;k gSA bl vk/kkj ij v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk vkns'k fujLr dj vfHk;qDrx.k dks fMLpktZ fd, tkus dh izkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA

¶31

7- ;ksX; yksd vfHk;kstd }kjk bldk l[r fojks/k djrs gq, ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd bl ekeys esa xokgku dh lk{; ls tku ls ekjus dh fu;r ls gh pksVsa dkfjr djuk izFke n"V;k izrhr gksrk gSA pksV eR;q dkfjr djus ds fy, i;kZIr pksV ugha gksus ckcr~ tks rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k gS] og /kkjk 307 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds fy, lqlaxr ugha gSA bl vk/kkj ij fuxjkuhdrkZx.k dh fuxjkuh [kkfjt fd, tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA

[2023:RJ-JD:37169]

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(4 of 6)

8- eSaus mi;qZDr rdksZa ij euu fd;k rFkk i=koyh dk lko/kkuhiwoZd voyksdu fd;kA

¶36

9- bl ekeys esa tgka rd /kkjk 307 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dk laca/k gS] bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds fjiksVZscy fu.kZ; State Of M.P Vs Kashiram & Ors. CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 191/2009 fu.kZ; fnukad 02-02-2009 tks fd ¼2009½ 4 SCC Page 26 esa fjiksVsZM gS] ds iSjk la[;k 9 yxk;r 12 esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk iwoZ ds ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ;ksa ij fopkj djrs gq, fuEukuqlkj fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %&

¶37

To justify a conviction under this Section, it is not essential that bodily injury capable of causing death should have been inflicted. Although the nature of injury actually caused may often give considerable assistance in coming to a finding as to the intention of the accused, such intention may also be deduced from other circumstances, and may even, in some cases, be ascertained without any reference at all to actual wounds. The Section makes a distinction between an act of the accused and its result, if any. Such an act may not be attended by any result so far as the person assaulted is concerned, but still there may be cases in which the culprit would be liable under this Section. It is not necessary that the injury actually caused to the victim of the assault should be sufficient under ordinary circumstances to cause the death of the person assaulted. What the Court has to see is whether the act, irrespective of its result, was done with the intention or knowledge and under circumstances mentioned in the Section. An attempt in order to be criminal need not be the penultimate act. It is sufficient in law, if there is present an intent coupled with some overt act in execution thereof.

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It is sufficient to justify a conviction under Section 307 if there is present an intent coupled with some overt act in execution thereof. It is not essential that bodily injury capable of causing death should have been inflicted. The Section makes a distinction between the act of the accused and its result, if any. The Court has to see whether the act, irrespective of its result, was done with the intention or knowledge and under circumstances mentioned in the Section. Therefore, an accused charged under Section 307 IPC cannot be acquitted merely because the injuries inflicted on the victim were in the nature of a simple hurt.

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This position was highlighted in State of Maharashtra v. Balram Bama Patil and Ors. (1983 (2) SCC 28), Girija Shanker v. State of Uttar Pradesh (2004 (3) SCC 793), R. Parkash v. State of Karnataka (JT 2004 (2) SC 348) and State of Madhya Pradesh v. Saleem @ Chamaru & Anr. [2005 (5) SCC 554].

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(5 of 6)

Whether there was intention to kill or knowledge that death will be caused is a question of fact and would depend on the facts of a given case. The circumstances that the injury inflicted by the accused was simple or minor will not by itself rule out application of Section 307 IPC. The determinative question is intention or knowledge, as the case may be, and not nature of the injury.

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10mDr fof/kd fLFkfr ls Li"V gS fd /kkjk 307 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds vijk/k ds fy, dsoy vk'k; ;k Kku ij gh fopkj djuk gS] mlds fy, ;g vko';d ugha gS fd vkgr ds 'kjhj ij eR;q dkfjr djus ds fy, i;kZIr pksVsa ikbZ tk,] tc /kkjk 307 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds nks"kh Bgjkus ds fy, Hkh dsoy vk'k; ;k Kku ij fopkj djuk gS] ml voLFkk esa pktZ dh LVst ij dsoy izFke n"V;k miyC/k lk{; ds vk/kkj ij ;g fopkj djuk gksrk gS fd /kkjk 307 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dk ekeyk izFke n`"V;k ekeyk cuuk ik;k tkrk gS vFkok ughaA

¶45

11mDr fof/kd fLFkfr dks en~nsutj j[krs gq, gLrxr ekeys ij fopkj fd;k x;kA gLrxr ekeys esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ o xokgku y{e.kflag] Jo.kflag] bZ'oj flag] vt; flag] gloar flag] vt;iky flag ds /kkjk 161 lhvkj-ih-lh- ds c;kukr esa ;g Li"V :i ls vk;k gS fd ctjh dh jkW;YVh nsus ds fy, ckcqyky fo'uksbZ dks dgk x;k rks mlus nsus ls budkj dj fn;k vkSj vius HkkbZ ekaxhyky dks cqyk fy;k o ekaxhyky o ckcqyky fo'uksbZ /kedkus yxs fd ctjh dh jkW;YVh ugha nsaxs] ckn esa VªSDVj [kkyh dj pys x,A 11 cts ds djhc vU; eqyfteku ds lkFk ykBh o dqYgkM+h ysdj vk, o y{e.k flag ds ukd ij ekaxhyky }kjk dqYgkMh ls okj fd;k o vt;iky flag ds flj ij ekaxhyky us dqYgkMh ls pksV ekjh o vt;iky flag csgks'k gksdj uhps fxj x;k o vt;iky ds ekaxhyky] ckcqyky] es[kkjke] Jhjke o vU; lHkh us ekjihV dj pksVsa ekjhA

¶46

12/kkjk 161 lhvkj-ih-lh- ds c;kuksa esa o izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa tku ls ekjus dh fu;r ls geyk djus dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS vkSj jkW;YVh nsus ls budkj djus ds ckn vU; eqyfteku dks lkFk ysdj ekaxhyky o ckcqyky rS;kjh ds lkFk dqYgkMh o ykBh ysdj vk, vkSj y{e.kflag o vt;iky flag ds pksVsa dkfjr dh vkSj vt;iky flag ds uhps fxj tkus ds i'pkr~ Hkh vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk pksVsa dkfjr dh xbZA izFke n`"V;k bl ekeys esa tks lk{; vkbZ gS] mlesa tku ls ekjus dh fu;r

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(6 of 6)

ls okj djus dk vkjksi yxk;k x;k gS vkSj pksVksa dk fjfiVs'ku gksuk Hkh crk;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa pksV izfrosnu izi= esa ,d xaHkhj pksV vt;iky flag ds gkFk ij gksus o vU; pksVsa HkksVs gfFk;kj o lk/kkj.k izdfr dh gksus ek= ls /kkjk 307@149 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dk tks vkjksi yxk;k x;k gS] og vkjksi bl LVst ij fujLr ugha fd;k tk ldrk vkSj vU; /kkjkvksa esa tks vkjksi v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk yxk, x, gSa] mlds laca/k esa Hkh i;kZIr lk{; izFke n"V;k fjdkWMZ ij ekStwn gSA

¶51

13,slh voLFkk esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds iwoZ esa of.kZr U;kf;d n"Vkar State Of M.P vs Kashiram & Ors dks en~nsutj j[krs gq, fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk vius vk{ksfir vkns'k esa fofHkUu U;kf;d n"Vkarksa dk mYys[k djrs gq, tks Speaking Order ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] mlesa dksbZ v'kq)rk] voS/krk ;k vfu;ferrk ugha gksus ls bl U;k;ky; }kjk gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk fof/klEer izrhr ugha gksrk gSA fuxjkuhdrkZx.k dh fuxjkuh [kkfjt fd, tkus ;ksX; gSA

¶52

14vr% fuxjkuhdrkZx.k ekaxhyky o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr fuxjkuh [kkfjt dh tkrh gS rFkk fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; vij ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k] ikyh ¼jkt-½ ds vk{ksfir vkns'k fnukad 21-03-2022 dh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA vkns'k dh ,d izfr v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dks Hksth tkosA

¶53

(YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT),J

¶54

6-GauravGehlot/-

Mangi Lal v. State of Rajasthan

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Mangi Lal v. State of Rajasthan

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

A compact analysis

Issues for consideration

Cases cited

Statutes considered

Parties & counsel

Coram

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