Partly allowed

Mangi Lal and Others v. Trilok Singh and Another

Rajasthan HC14 Jul 2023CMA/4828/2012

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

Appeals against the award of compensation for the death of a housewife in a motor accident. The High Court affirmed the notional income fixed by the tribunal, directed deduction of 1/4th for personal expenses, applied a 25% future prospects increase, used multiplier 15, and enhanced consortium, funeral, loss of estate, ambulance, and medical expenses.

What did the court decide?

The appeal by the insurance company was partly dismissed; the claimants' appeal was partly allowed. Compensation enhanced to Rs. 9,73,660 with interest at 8.5% per annum from the date of petition.

Mangi Lal and Others Vs Trilok Singh and Another — Motor Accident Claims | Rajasthan HC (2023)

¶1

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

¶2

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR

¶3

S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 1421/2012

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National Insurance Company Limited, Sikar Branch, Through Regional Manager, Regional Office, New L.i.c. Building, Ambedkar Circle, Jeevan Nidhi, Bhawani Singh Marg, Jaipur

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----Defendant-Appellant

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Versus

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Mangilal S/o Jhumarmal, R/o Nasanwa Badha Gavon Police Station Nechhwa District Sikar Rajasthan

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Kumari Sajna D/o Mangilal, Respondents No. 2 To 4 Are Minor Sons And Daughters Thr, R/o Nasanwa Badha Gavon Police Station Nechhwa District Sikar Rajasthan

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Dinesh S/o Mangilal, R/o Nasanwa Badha Gavon Police Station Nechhwa District Sikar Rajasthan

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Kumari Sakshi D/o Mangilal, R/o Nasanwa Badha Gavon Police Station Nechhwa District Sikar Rajasthan

¶11

----Claimants-Respondents

¶12

Trilok Singh S/o Ramniwas, R/o Ghirnia Bada Police Station Nechhwa District Sikar Rajasthan Driver And Registered Owner Of Maruti Van R.j. 23-Ua-2736

¶13

----Defendants-Respondents

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Connected With

¶15

S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 4828/2012

¶16

Mangilal S/o Sri Jhoomarmal, R/o Village Nasnwa Bada Gaon, Police Station Nechwa, District Sikar

¶17

Kumari Sajana Through Her Father And Natural Guardian Sri Mangilal, R/o Village Nasnwa Bada Gaon, Police Station Nechwa, District Sikar

¶18

Dinesh Kumar Through His Father And Natural Guardian Sri Mangilal, R/o Village Nasnwa Bada Gaon, Police Station Nechwa, District Sikar

¶19

Kumari Sakshi Through Her Father And Natural Guardian Sri Mangilal, R/o Village Nasnwa Bada Gaon, Police Station Nechwa, District Sikar

¶20

----Appellants-Claimants

¶21

Versus

¶22

Sri Trilok Singh S/o Sri Ramniwas, R/o Ghirania Bada

(2 of 15)

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

Police Station Nechwa, District Sikar Driver And Registered Owner Of Maruti Van No. Rj-23-Ua-2736

¶27

National Insurance Company Ltd. Through Branch Manager, Jalan Bhawan, Near Head Post Office, Sikar Insurance Company Of Maruti Van No. Rj-23-Ua-2736

¶28

----Respondents

¶29

For Appellant(s) : Mr. S.R. Joshi with Mr. Ganesh Joshi for Insurance Company For Respondent(s) : Mr. Ashok Sharma for claimants

¶30

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR

¶31

Order

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14/07/2023

¶33

1- izR;FkhZ@vihykaV chek daiuh dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy la[;k&1421@2012 ,oa [email protected] dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy la[;k&4828@2012 mijksDr nksuksa nhokuh fofo/k vihysa eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k] lhdj ¼ftls vkxs ^vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&427@2010 ekaxhyky o vU; cuke f=yksd flag o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 14-02-2012 ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ftudk fuLrkj.k lqfo/kk dh n`f"V ls bl ,d fu.kZ; ds }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA

¶34

2- vf/kdj.k ds le{k] Jhefr eSuk nsoh dh eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa e`R;q gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 34]70]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;h FkhA vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdk esa ;kphx.k dks dqy 8]10]000@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf’k e; C;kt 8-5 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA ftl vkns’k dks fujLr djus gsrq izR;FkhZ@vihykaV chek daiuh dh vksj ls vihy la[;k&1421@2012 izLrqr dh x;h rFkk vihykFkhZx.k }kjk fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vkns’k ls O;fFkr gksdj vihy la[;k&4828@2012 fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr {kfriwfrZ jkf’k esa c<kSrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;hA

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

(3 of 15)

3- izdj.k ds la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gS fd fnukad 26-09-2009 dks erdk eSuk nsoh okgu la[;k&vkjts&23&;w,&2736 ls jkensojk ls vius xkao ukluok vk jgh Fkh rks mDr okgu dks mlds pkyd vizkFkhZ la[;k&1 us ykijokgh ls pyk;k] ftlds dkj.k jkensojk jsyos ØkWflax ij okgu ij fu;a=.k ugha jgk vkSj okgu iyV x;k] ftlls nq?kZVuk esa vkbZ pksVksa ds ifj.kkeLo:i eSuknsoh dh fnukad 06-11-2009 dks nkSjkus bZykt eR;q gks x;hA nq?kZVuk ckcr~ iqfyl Fkkuk iksdj.k] tSlyesj esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k&207@2009 ds :i esa ntZ djokbZ x;hA ftlesa vuqla/kku ds mijkar ek:fr oSu ds pkyd izR;FkhZ la[;k&1 ds fo#) l{ke U;k;ky; esa Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk dh /kkjk 279] 337] 338 ds rgr vkjksi i= U;k;ky; esa izLrqr fd;k x;kA

¶39

4- nq?kZVuk esa eSuk nsoh dh eR;q gks tkus ds QyLo#i vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k ds le{k Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;hA ftlesa erdk dks 40 o"khZ; vk;q dh efgyk gksuk crkrs gq, rFkk i’kqikyu dj nw/k cspus dk dk;Z dj o d`f"k dk dk;Z dj izfrekg 5]000@& #i;s dh vk; vftZr fd;k tkuk vafdr fd;k x;k gS rFkk {kfriwfrZ dh fofHkUu en esa dqy 34]70]000@& #i;s dh ekax dh x;hA

¶40

5- ek:fr oSu ds pkyd izR;FkhZ la[;k&1 us vf/kdj.k ds le{k mifLFkr gksdj Dyse ;kfpdk dk tokc izLrqr dj nq?kZVuk esa viuh xyrh gksus ls badkj fd;k gSA blh izdkj izR;FkhZ la[;k&2 }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk dk tokc izLrqr dj dFku fd;k x;k fd mDr nq?kZVuk izR;FkhZ la[;k&1 dh xyrh o ykijokgh ls dkfjr ugha gqbZ gSA mDr okgu dks pkyd lgh :i ls lapkfyr djrs gq, okgu pyk jgk FkkA vihykFkhZx.k }kjk {kfriwfrZ jkf’k izkIr djus gsrq feF;k Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr fd;k tkuk crk;k x;k rFkk Dyse ;kfpdk [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA

¶41

6- vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij Dyse izkFkZuk&i= ds fu.kZ; gsrq nks fook|dksa dh jpuk dh xbZA

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

(4 of 15)

7- vihykFkhZx.k }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk ds leFkZu esa ekSf[kd lk{; esa xokg ,-MCY;w&1 ekaxhyky dks ijhf{kr djok;k x;k rFkk nLrkosth lk{; ds :i esa izn’kZ&1 yxk;r izn’kZ&18 dks is’k dj iznf’kZr djok;k x;kA 8- vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr lk{; ds [k.Mu esa izR;FkhZx.k dh vksj ls dksbZ ekSf[kd o izys[kh; lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;hA

¶46

9- vf/kdj.k }kjk lk{; ys[kc) djus ds mijkar Dyse ;kfpdk dk fuLrkj.k vkyksP; vkns’k }kjk djrs gq, dqy 8]10]000@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf’k e; C;kt 8-5 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftlls O;fFkr gksdj chek dEiuh dh vksj ls vihy la[;k&1421@2012 vkyksP; vkns’k dks fujLr djokus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h rFkk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls vihy la[;k&4828@2012 {kfriwfrZ jkf’k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dhA

¶47

10vihy la[;k&1421@2012 ds laca/k esa izR;FkhZ@vihykaV chek dEiuh dh vksj ls vihy esa eq[; :i ls ;g vk{ksi fd;k x;k gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fof/k ds fl)kUrksa o rF;ksa ds foijhr tkdj vkyksP; vkns’k ikfjr fd;k gSA

¶48

11nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykaV chek dEiuh dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k us erdk dk tks osru fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS] og =qfViw.kZ gSA erdk ,d xg.kh Fkh tks fd ?kjsyw dkedkt djrh FkhA nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykaV chek dEiuh dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd DysesaV~l }kjk erdk dks i’kqikyu dk dk;Z dj rFkk df"k dk;Z dj vU; :i ls vk; vftZr fd;k tkuk crk;k gS fdUrq erdk dh vk; ds laca/k esa fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha dh gSA

¶49

12nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykaV chek dEiuh dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fcuk fdlh lk{; ds erdk dh ekfld vk; 4500@& #i;s izfrekg ekuh x;h gS tks fd lgh ugha gSA vr% erdk dh vk; 15]000@& #i;s okf"kZd r; dh tkdj rn~uqlkj {kfriwfrZ jkf’k fu/kkZfjr dh tk,A nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykaV chek dEiuh

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(5 of 15) [CMA-1421/2012]

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[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

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dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rdk dh vk; esa ls ml ij vkfJrksa ds laca/k esa Hkh 1@4 fgLlk ugha dkVk x;k gSA vr% fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds vkns’k dks fujLr fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

¶53

13vihy la[;k&4828@2012 ds laca/k esa nkSjkus cgl [email protected] ds fo}ku vf/koDrk dk ;g rdZ jgk fd erdk [ksrhckM+h dk dk;Z dj rFkk nw/k cspus dk dk;Z dj izfrekg 5000@& #i;s vk; vftZr djrh FkhA fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk erdk dh cgqr de ekfld vk; fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA nkSjkus fopkj.k fo}ku vf/koDrk [email protected] dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd erdk dh vk; ij gksus okyh Hkfo";&of) dks Hkh fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ugha tksM+k x;k gS rFkk dalksfVZ;e jkf’k Hkh de fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftlesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% gLrxr vihy izLrqr dj {kfriwfrZ jkf’k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

¶54

14nksuksa i{kksa dks lquk x;kA vihy i=koyh;ksa o vf/kdj.k ds vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 15gLrxr ekeys esa erdk eSuk nsoh dks ?kjsyw dk;Z ds vykok i’kqikyu] nw/k foØ; rFkk df"k dk;Z vkfn dk dk;Z dj 5]000@& #i;s ekfld vk; vftZr djuk crk;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk oDr ?kVuk erdk dh vk; 150@& #i;s izfrfnu rFkk 4500@& #i;s ekfld vk; ekurs gq, rn~uqlkj {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZfjr dh gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh dk rdZ jgk gS fd pwafd erdk dh vk; dk dksbZ izek.k&i= izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa erdk dh dkYifud vk; 15]000@& #i;s lkykuk ekurs gq, {kfriwfrZ jkf’k fu/kkZfjr dh tk,A chek dEiuh us rdZ izLrqr fd;k gS fd vk; dk dksbZ izek.k izLrqr ugha fd;s tkus ds ckotwn fo}ku vf/kdj.k us erdk dh nSfud vk; 150@& #i;s ekudj =qfV dkfjr dh gSA vk; ds izek.k ds vHkko esa e`rdk dh vk; dkYifud 15]000@& #i;s ekuk tkuk pkfg, FkkA rn~uqlkj {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZfjr dh tkuh pkfg, FkhA

[CMA-1421/2012]

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

(6 of 15)

16;g lgh gS fd erdk tks fd ?kjsyw efgyk Fkh] dh vk; dk dksbZ izek.k vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gSA bl laca/k esa mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk le;≤ ij ikfjr fu.kZ; egRoiw.kZ gS] ftudks fuEu izdkj mn~/kr fd;k tk jgk gSA

¶59

17mPpre U;k;ky; dh rhu U;k;k/kh’kksa dh cSap }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; yrk o/kok cuke LVsV vkWQ fcgkj] ¼2001½ 8 ,llhlh 197 esa fuEufyf[kr fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %&

¶60

“So far as the deceased housewives are concerned, in the absence of any data and as the housewives were not earning any income, attempt has been made to determine the compensation on the basis of services rendered by them to the house. On the basis of the age group of the housewives, appropriate multiplier has been applied, but the estimation of the value of services rendered to the house by the housewives, which has been arrived at Rs 12,000 per annum in cases of some and Rs 10,000 for others, appears to us to be grossly low. It is true that the claimants, who ought to have given data for determination of compensation, did not assist in any manner by providing the data for estimating the value of services rendered by such housewives. But even in the absence of such data and taking into consideration the multifarious services rendered by the housewives for managing the entire family, even on a modest estimation, should be Rs 3000 per month and Rs 36,000 per annum”

¶61

18blh izdkj mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; v:.k dqekj vxzoky cuke us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM ¼2010½ 9 ,llhlh 218 ds ekeys esa Hkh ,d ?kjsyw efgyk dh eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa e`R;q gks tkus ds en esa

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

(7 of 15)

{kfriwfrZ jkf’k fu/kkZfjr fd;s tkus ds laca/k esa fuEufyf[kr fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %&

¶66

“26. In India the courts have recognised that the contribution made by the wife to the house is invaluable and cannot be computed in terms of money. The gratuitous services rendered by the wife with true love and affection to the children and her husband and managing the household affairs cannot be equated with the services rendered by others. A wife/mother does not work by the clock. She is in the constant attendance of the family throughout the day and night unless she is employed and is required to attend the employer's work for particular hours. She takes care of all the requirements of the husband and children including cooking of food, washing of clothes, etc. She teaches small children and provides invaluable guidance to them for their future life. A housekeeper or maidservant can do the household work, such as cooking food, washing clothes and utensils, keeping the house clean, etc., but she can never be a substitute for a wife/mother who renders selfless service to her husband and children.

¶67

It is not possible to quantify any amount in lieu of the services rendered by the wife/mother to the family i.e. the husband and children. However, for the purpose of award of compensation to the dependants, some pecuniary estimate has to be made of the services of the housewife/mother. In that context, the term “services” is required to be given a broad meaning and must be construed by taking into account the loss of personal care

(8 of 15)

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

and attention given by the deceased to her children as a mother and to her husband as a wife. They are entitled to adequate compensation in lieu of the loss of gratuitous services rendered by the deceased. The amount payable to the dependants cannot be diminished on the ground that some close relation like a grandmother may volunteer to render some of the services to the family which the deceased was giving earlier.”

¶72

19gLrxr ekeys esa erdk eSuk nsoh dks ?kjsyw dk;Z djuk o nw/k cspuk o df"k dk;Z dj 5]000@& #i;s vk; vftZr djuk crk;k x;k gSA fdUrq erdk dh vk; ds laca/k esa dksbZ izek.k izLrqr ugha fd;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk erdk dh nSfud vk; 150@& #i;s izfrfnu rFkk ekfld vk; 4500@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk mijksDr nksuksa U;kf;d n"Vkar yrk o/kok cuke LVsV vkWQ fcgkj] ¼2001½ 8 ,llhlh 197 o v:.k dqekj vxzoky cuke us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM ¼2010½ 9 ,llhlh 218 esa tks fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;s gSa] muds vk/kkj ij ?kjsyw efgyk dk mlds ikfjokfjd nkf;Ro ds fuoZgu ds laca/k esa tks jkf’k vf/kdj.k }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gS] mls ge fdlh izdkj ls vf/kd ugha eku ldrsA D;ksafd ?kVuk ds le; izpfyr ,d dq’ky O;fDr dh U;wure etnwjh 115@& #i;s izfrfnu FkhA tcfd erdk dh nSfud vk; 150@& #i;s ekuh x;h gSA ;g Lohdr rF; gS fd U;wure etnwjh ikus okyk O;fDr ?k.Vksa ds fglkc ls dk;Z djrk gSA fdUrq ,d ?kjsyw efgyk }kjk ikfjokfjd nkf;Roksa ds fuoZgu esa fd; tkus okys dk;ksZa dh lhek ?k.Vksa esa ugha cka/kh tk ldrhA ,d ?kjsyw efgyk dks vius ?kj ifjokj dh lkj&laHkky] cPpksa dk ykyu&ikyu] ?kj dh ns[k&js[k o ?kj ds izR;sd lnL; dh mfpr ns[kHkky dk nkf;Ro Hkh gksrk gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ge vf/kdj.k }kjk erdk dh tks 150@& #i;s izfrfnu dh vk; fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gS] mls ge fdlh izdkj ls vf/kd ugha ekurs gSaA vr% vf/kdj.k }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh x;h vk; dh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA bl laca/k esa chek dEiuh dh

[CMA-1421/2012]

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

(9 of 15)

vksj ls yh x;h vkifRr fujLr dh tkrh gSA vr% ge vihykFkhZx.k dks {kfriwfrZ jkf’k fnyok;s tkus ds fy, e`rdk dh vk; 4500@& #i;s izfrekg dh jkf’k dks gh mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶77

20us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; % ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh- 680 esa fn;s x;s izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj erdk dh mDr fu/kkZfjr vk; esa Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfr esa c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA oDr ?kVuk erdk dh vk;q 40 o"kZ gksuk Dyse ;kfpdk esa crk;k x;k gSA ;gh vk;q erdk ds fpfdRldh; nLrkost izn’kZ&11 esa vafdr dh x;h gSA vU; dksbZ ,slk nLrkost vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gS] ftlls dh erdk dh vk;q 40 o"kZ ls vU;Fkk gksuk izekf.kr gksrh gksA

¶78

21us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj erdk dh mDr fu/kkZfjr vk; 4500@& #i;s esa Hkfo"; of) dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ge erdk dh vk;q 40 o"kZ gksuk ikrs gq, us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, erdk dh fu/kkZfjr vk; 4500@& #i;s esa 25 izfr’kr dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA mDr fu/kkZfjr vk; esa c<+ksrjh djus ds mijkar erdk dh dqy vk; 5]625@& #i;s gksrh gS tks {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA

¶79

22fo}ku vf/kdj.k us erdk dh fu/kkZfjr vk; esa ls O;fDrxr [kpZ ds en esa dksbZ dVkSrh ugha dh gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh dk rdZ jgk gS fd erdk dh O;fDrxr [kpsZ dh dVkSrh dh en esa Hkh dVkSrh fd;k tkuk vko';d FkkA bl fcUnq ij vf/kdj.k dk fu.kZ; =qfViw.kZ gSA

¶80

23;g lgh gS fd vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rdk dh fu/kkZfjr vk; esa mlds O;fDrxr [kpZ dh dVkSrh dh en esa dksbZ dVkSrh ugha dh x;h gS tks fd dh tkuh vko';d gSA vr% fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh dh ;g vkifRr Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

(10 of 15)

24 - mPpre U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ljyk oekZ cuke Mh-Vh-lh- o vU;] fjiksVsZM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vk/kkj ij erdk ds Åij pkj O;fDr;ksa ds vkfJr gksus dh fLFkfr dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, mldh dqy fu/kkZfjr vk; esa ls 1@4 Hkkx erdk }kjk Lo;a ij [kpZ dh tkus okyh jkf’k dks de fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr izrhr gksrk gSA mDr dVkSrh ds mijkar erdk dh dqy vk; 4]219@& #i;s gksrh gS tks fd {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA erdk dh vk;q 40 o"kZ gksuk ik;k x;k gSA vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ cuke Mh-Vh-lh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ rFkk us’kuy bZ’a;ksjsla dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa mDr fl)kUr dks ekU;rk iznku fd;s tkus ds QyLo:i erd dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfriwfrZ dh x.kuk gsrq mldh 40 o"kZ vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 15 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk 14 dk xq.kd yxk;k x;k gS tks fd =qfViw.kZ izdV gksrk gSA

¶85

25rn~uqlkj erdk dh fu/kkZfjr vk; 4]219@& #i;s ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZx.k dks vkfJr vk; dh dqy {kfr 4]219 x 12 x 15 = 7]59]420@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks vihykFkhZx.k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSaA 26tgka rd dalksfVZ;e ds en esa {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnyok;s tkus dk iz'u gS rks vf/kdj.k us erdk ds ifr dks 20]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ gS rFkk erdk ds cPpksa izkFkhZx.k&2 yxk;r 4 dks ikap&ikap gtkj #i;s dh jkf'k bl en esa fnyokbZ x;h gSA bl laca/k esa chek dEiuh ds fo}ku vf/koDrk dk rdZ jgk fd us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa dsoyek= ^^Likmly dalksfVZ;e** fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;k x;k gSA vr% erdk ds ifr ds vfrfjDr vU; fdlh Hkh izkFkhZ dks dalksfVZ;e ds en esa dksbZ jkf'k fnyok;k tkuk visf{kr ugha gSA

¶86

27bl laca/k esa gekjk ekuuk ;g gS fd ;|fi us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa dsoyek=

¶87

(11 of 15) [CMA-1421/2012]

¶88

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

¶89

^^Likmly dalksfVZ;e** fnyok;s tkus dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gSA fdUrq mPpre U;k;ky; us vius fu.kZ; esxek tujy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke o vU;] flfoy felysfu;l vihy uEcj&9581@2018 esa fnukad 18-09-2018 dks ikfjr fu.kZ; o mPpre U;k;ky; us vius fu.kZ; ;qukbZVsM bf.M;k bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; flfoy vihy uEcj&2705@2020] fjiksVZsM bu fu.kZ; fnukad 30-06-2020 esa ^^Likmly dalksfVZ;e** ds vfrfjDr ^^isjsaVy dalksfVZ;e** o ^^fQfy;y dalksfVZ;e** jkf’k vnk fd;s tkus dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gSA

¶90

28bl izdkj ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ;qukbZVsM bf.M;k bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj ¼mijksDr½ ds vuqlkj %&

¶91

“b) Loss of Consortium Loss of Consortium, in legal parlance, was historically given a narrow meaning to be awarded only to the spouse i.e. the right of the spouse to the company, care, help, comfort, guidance, society, solace, affection and sexual relations with his or her mate. The loss of companionship, love, care and protection, etc., the spouse is entitled to get, has to be compensated appropriately. The concept of non- pecuniary damage for loss of consortium is one of the major heads for awarding compensation in various jurisdictions such as the United States of America, Australia, etc. English courts have recognised the right of a spouse to get compensation even during the period of temporary disablement.

¶92

In Magma General Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Nanu Ram & Ors. this Court interpreted “consortium” to be a compendious term, which encompasses spousal consortium, parental consortium, as well as filial consortium. The right to consortium would include the company, care, help, comfort, guidance, solace and affection of the deceased, which is a loss to his family. With respect to a spouse, it would include sexual relations with the deceased spouse.

¶93

Parental consortium is granted to the child upon the premature death of a parent, for loss of

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[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

parental aid, protection, affection, society, discipline, guidance and training.

¶98

Filial consortium is the right of the parents to compensation in the case of an accidental death of a child. An accident leading to the death of a child causes great shock and agony to the parents and family of the deceased. The greatest agony for a parent is to lose their 12 (2018) 18 SCC 130.

¶99

child during their lifetime. Children are valued for their love and affection, and their role in the family unit. Modern jurisdictions world-over have recognized that the value of a child’s consortium far exceeds the economic value of the compensation awarded in the case of the death of a child. Most jurisdictions permit parents to be awarded compensation under loss of consortium on the death of a child. The amount awarded to the parents is the compensation for loss of love and affection, care and companionship of the deceased child.

¶100

The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 is a beneficial legislation which has been framed with the object of providing relief to the victims, or their families, in cases of genuine claims. In case where a parent has lost their minor child, or unmarried son or daughter, the parents are entitled to be awarded loss of consortium under the head of Filial Consortium.

¶101

Parental Consortium is awarded to the children who lose the care and protection of their parents in motor vehicle accidents.”

¶102

29bl izdkj ;qukbZVsM bf.M;k bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj

¶103

dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ekeys dk voyac ysrs gq, ge vihykFkhZ ekaxhyky dks nkEiR; lq[k ls oafpr gksus dh fLFkfr esa 40]000@& #i;s rFkk vihykFkhZ la[;k&2 yxk;r 4 dks ^^iSjsaVy dalksfVZ;e** ds :i esa izR;sd vihykFkhZ dks 40&40 gtkj #i;s ¼dqy 1]60]000@& #i;s½ dh jkf’k fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gS a A rn~uqlkj bl en esa ge mijksDrkuqlkj c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

(13 of 15)

30fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk e`rdk ds vafre laLdkj gsrq vihykFkhZx.k dks 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf’k fnyokbZ x;h gSA ftlesa dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk ge mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶108

31vihykFkhZx.k dks laifRr dh gkfu ¼ykWl vkWQ ,LVsV½ dh en esa vf/kdj.k }kjk dqy 3]000@& #i;s jkf’k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftlesa Hkh ge us’kuy bZa’;ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ekeys dk voyac ysrs gq, c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA vr% bl en esa vihykFkhZx.k dks 15]000@& #i;s crkSj {kfriwfrZ jkf’k fnyok;k tkuk ge mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶109

32vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks 'ko ifjogu gsrq izfrdj ds :i esa [kpZ gqbZ jkf’k ds laca/k esa 1]000@& #i;s dh jkf’k fnyokbZ x;h gSA vf/kdj.k dh i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k ds le{k jktLFkku esfMds;j fjyhQ lkslk;Vh] lkeqnkf;d LokLF; dsUnz] iksdj.k] ftyk&tSlyesj }kjk tkjh ,Ecwysal pktsZt dh jlhn izn'kZ&16 izLrqr djokbZ gS] ftlesa iksdj.k ls t;iqj tkus dh jkf'k 3]240@& #i;s vafdr dh x;h gSA bl izdkj bl en esa Hkh ge vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ x;h jkf'k 1]000@& #i;s dks c<+kdj 3]240@& #i;s fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶110

33fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk nq?kZVuk ds i’pkr~ erdk ds vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa Hkh vihykFkhZx.k dks dksbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf’k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA erdk nq?kZVuk ds i’pkr~ fnukad 26-09-2009 ls 06-11-2009 rd dqy 42 fnu vLirky esa HkrhZ jgh gSA vr% bl izdkj vihykFkhZx.k dks 500@& #i;s izfrfnu ds fglkc ls dqy 21]000@& #i;s nq?kZVuk ds i’pkr~ erdk ds vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa fnyok;k tkuk ge mfpr le>rs gSaA 34mijksDr leLr foospu ds vk/kkj ij chek dEiuh }kjk lafLFkr vihy esa erdk dh O;fDrxr [kpsZ dh dVkSrh dh en esa dh tkus okyh dVkSrh dh lhek rd yh x;h vkifRr gh Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA 'ks"k vkifRr lkjghu gksus ls fujLr dh tkrh gS rFkk fu"d"kZr% chek dEiuh dh vksj ls

[2023:RJ-JP:14273]

[CMA-1421/2012]

(14 of 15)

lafLFkr vihy la[;k&1421@2012 ftlesa {kfriwfrZ jkf'k de fd;s tkus dk vk{ksi fy;k x;k gS] fujLr dh tkrh gS rFkk vihykFkhZx.k ekaxhyky o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy la[;k&4828@2012 Lohdkj dh tkdj fuEufyf[kr {kfriwfrZ vnk fd;s tkus ds vkns'k fn;s tkrs gSaA

¶115

35mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSa %&

¶116

Øe la[;k	'kh"kZ@en	vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ x;h jkf’k	bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k
1-	vkfJr vk; dh {kfr ds en esa	7]56]000@&	7]59]420@&
2-	dalksfVZ;e ds en esa	vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 dks 20]000@& o vihykFkhZ la[;k&2 yxk;r 4 dks 5]000 dqy 15]000	izR;sd vihykFkhZ dks 40]000@& dqy 1]60]000@&
3-	vafre laLdkj ds en esa	15]000@&	15]000@&
4-	lEink dh dh gkfu ds en esa	3]000@&	15]000@&
5-	'ko ifjogu gsrq ,Ecwysal ij O;; gqbZ jkf’k ds en esa	1]000@&	3]240@&
6-	bZykt ds nkSjku vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa	'kwU;	21]000@&
	dqy	8]10]000@&#i;s	9]73]660@&#i;s

¶117

36rnuqlkj ;g vihy vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV ftlds }kjk fd vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l dks 8]10]000@& :i;s fnyk;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 9]73]660@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA vihykFkhZx.k }kjk izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZx.k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh ik;s tkrs gSaA

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(15 of 15) [CMA-1421/2012]

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¶120

37mDr jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZx.k] 8-5 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSaA

¶121

38vkns’k dh izfr ds lkFk izdj.k dk vfHkys[k lacaf/kr vf/kdj.k dks ykSVk;k tkosA

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