Allowed

Laxman v. Sharwan

Rajasthan HC2 Jun 2023CMA/2403/2007

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

The High Court set aside a lower award of 3,18,824/- for a 20-year-old motor-accident victim, holding it insufficient for permanent disablement and loss of dependency. The court enhanced the award to 6,52,856/- based on loss of earning capacity, psychiatric trauma, and medical expenses under the Motor Vehicles Act.

What did the court decide?

The award of compensation enhanced from Rs. 3,18,824 to Rs. 6,52,856, with 7.5% interest allowed to the applicant.

Laxman Vs Sharwan — Insurance | Rajasthan HC (2023)

¶1

[2023/RJJP/011737]

¶2

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR

¶3

S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 2403/2007

¶4

Laxman S/o. Laduram Bairwa, Resident of Pipalwasa, Distt. Bundi at present Resident of Dhanna Talai, Distt. Tonk (Raj.)

¶5

----Appellant

¶6

Versus

¶7

Sharwan S/o. Tarachand Jat, Resident of Kherashyamdas, P.S. Harmada, Jaipur

¶8

Satyanarayan S/o Mool Chand Sharma, Resident of Mavand Khurd, P.S. Neem-Ka-Thana, Sikar

¶9

The New India Insurance Co. Ltd. Jaipur through Resional Office, Nehru Palace, Jaipur.

¶10

----Respondent

¶11

For Appellant(s)	: Ms. Barkha Jain on behalf of Mr. Vimal Kumar Jain
For Respondent(s)	: Mr. Manoj Goyal on behalf of
	Mr. Om Prakash Gupta

¶12

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR

¶13

Order

¶14

DATE OF RESERVED :: 31/03/2023 DATE OF PRONOUNCEMENT :: 02/06/2023

¶15

1- vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g vihy eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk nkok U;k;kf/kdj.k] Vksad ¼ftls vkxs ^vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 15-01-2007 ds fo#) izLrqr dh gSA vf/kdj.k us vihykFkhZ }kjk izLrqr eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk ;kfpdk dk fuLrkj.k djrs gq, vihykFkhZ dks dqy 3]18]824@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ fnyokbZ gSA

¶16

2- vihy ds la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gS fd vihykFkhZ y{e.k dh vksj ls ,d Dyse izkFkZuk&i= vUrxZr /kkjk 166 o 140 eksVj ;ku vf/kfu;e 1988 ¼ftls vkxs ^vf/kfu;e 1988* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds rgr Lo;a ds nq?kZVuk esa vkgr gksus ds ifj.kkeLo:i izfrdj jkf’k #i;s

[2023/RJJP/011737]

[CMA-2403/2007]

(2 of 9)

40]27]000@& izkIr djus gsrq Dyse U;k;ky; ds le{k izLrqr fd;k x;k Fkk] ftldk fuLrkj.k vf/kdj.k us vius vkyksP; vkns’k ls fd;k gSA 3- vihykFkhZ }kjk vihy esa ;g dFku fd;k x;k gS fd fnukad 07-05-2003 dks og vius HkkbZ jktw o jktsUnz ds lkFk pkSFk fMlisaljh ds ikl iqfy;k ds utnhd dPps esa ,d rjQ lkbZM esa lks jgk FkkA jkr dks djhc 3 cts izR;FkhZ la[;k&1 }kjk izR;FkhZ la[;k&2 ds fu;kstudky o mlds fgrkFkZ MEij uEcj vkjts 18 th 1270 dks rst xfr o ykijokgh ls pykdj vihykFkhZ ds lksrs gq, ds Åij MEij dks p<k fn;k] ftlls vihykFkhZ ds nksuksa iSj VwV x;s rFkk vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ij xaHkhj pksVsa dkfjr gqbZA mDr nq?kZVuk esa mlds nksuksa iSj o 'kjhj ds vU; Hkkxksa esa pksVsa vk;hA nq?kZVuk ds rqjar ckn vihykFkhZ dks lokbZ ekuflag vLirky t;iqj esa jSQj dj fn;kA ogka ij mldk bZykt gqvkA mlds ckn mls fnukad 13-05-2003 ls 10-08-2003 rd jktdh; c`tlqanj 'kekZ vLirky cw¡nh esa HkrhZ j[kkA ml nkSjku vihykFkhZ ds iSj dk pkj ckj vkWijs’ku fd;k x;kA nq?kZVuk esa vk;h pksVksa ds ifj.kkeLo:i vihykFkhZ dk ,d iSj iw.kZ :i ls {kfrxzLr gks tkus ds dkj.k vusdkas iz;klksa ds ckn Hkh Bhd ugha gksus ds dkj.k rFkk mldk tgj 'kjhj ds vU; Hkkxksa esa QSy tkus ds dkj.k etcwj gksdj MkWDVj }kjk dkVk x;kA

¶21

4- vihy esa vkxs ;g Hkh dFku fd;k x;k fd mDr nq?kZVuk ds laca/k esa iqfyl Fkkuk gjekMk esa ,d izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 123@2003 fnukad 07-05-2003 dks vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 279] 337 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds rgr ntZ dh x;h rFkk ckn vuqla/kku vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 279] 337] 338 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk esa pkyku U;k;ky; esa is’k fd;k x;kA

¶22

5- vihykFkhZ }kjk vihy esa ;g Hkh dFku fd;k x;k fd nq?kZVuk ds le; mDr okgu MEij dks izR;FkhZ la[;k&1 }kjk] izR;FkhZ la[;k&2 ds fu;kstu esa pyk;k tk jgk Fkk rFkk mDr okgu izR;FkhZ la[;k&3 chek dEiuh ds ;gka chfer FkkA vr% izR;FkhZx.k] vihykFkhZ dks izfrdj dh jkf’k #i;s

[2023/RJJP/011737]

[CMA-2403/2007]

(3 of 9)

40]27]000@& vnk djus ds fy;s la;qDr :i ls ,oa iFkd&iFkd :i ls mRrjnk;h FksA

¶27

6- vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij Dyse izkFkZuk&i= ds fu.kZ; gsrq N% fook|dksa dh jpuk dh xbZA 7- vihykFkhZ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk ds leFkZu esa ekSf[kd lk{; esa xokg ,-MCY;w&1 y{e.k dks ijhf{kr djok;k x;k rFkk nLrkosth lk{; ds :i esa izn’kZ&1 yxk;r izn’kZ&125 dks is’k dj iznf’kZr djok;k x;kA

¶28

8- vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr lk{; ds [k.Mu esa izR;FkhZx.k dh vksj ls fdlh xokg dks ijhf{kr ugha djok;k x;kA 9- vf/kdj.k }kjk nksuksa i{kksa dks lquus ds i’pkr~ vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr Dyse ;kfpdk dks vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dj izkFkhZ@vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa ,oa izR;FkhZ la[;k&2 o 3 ds fo#) :i;s 3]17]824@& dk vokM Z ] vkosnu i= izLrqr djus dh fnukad 14-10-2003 ls e; C;kt 6 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls ikfjr fd;kA bl vkns’k ls O;fFkr gksdj vihykFkhZ }kjk {kfriwfrZ jkf’k dh c<ksrjh gsrq ;g vihy bl U;k;ky; ds le{k is’k dh x;hA

¶29

10nkSjkus cgl vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ us rdZ fn;k fd vihykFkhZ dks nq?kZVuk ds ckn lokbZ ekuflag vLirky esa jSQj fd;k x;k] tgka vihykFkhZ dk bZykt gqvkA mlds ckn vihykFkhZ dks fnukad 13-05-2003 ls 10-08-2003 rd jktdh; c`tlqUnj 'kekZ vLirky cwUnh esa HkrhZ jgk] ml nkSjku vihykFkhZ ds ,d iSj dk pkj ckj vkWijs'ku fd;k x;kA nq?kZVuk esa vk;h pksVksa ds dkj.k nkSjkus bZykt fpfdRldksa }kjk vihykFkhZ dk ,d iSj dkV fn;k x;kA

¶30

11vihykFkhZ ds vf/koDrk }kjk nkSjkus cgl ;g rdZ Hkh fn;k x;k fd vihykFkhZ nq?kZVuk ds le; 20 o"kZ dk LoLFk O;fDr Fkk tks [ksrh dk dk;Z dj 4]000@& #i;s izfrekg dekrk Fkk rFkk vihykFkhZ dk iSj dV tkus ds dkj.k vc vihykFkhZ Hkfo"; esa fdlh izdkj dk dksbZ dk;Z ugha dj ldrkA

[2023/RJJP/011737]

[CMA-2403/2007]

(4 of 9)

12nkSjkus cgl vf/koDrk }kjk ;g Hkh rdZ fn;k x;k fd bZykt ds nkSjku vihykFkhZ ds vLirky vkus&tkus gsrq rFkk Lis’ky MkbZV o vVsUMsaV ij dkQh O;; gqvk gS fdUrq bl laca/k esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk dsoy 25]000@& #i;s dh jkf’k gh vihykFkhZ dks fnyokbZ x;h gSA tcfd vihykFkhZ fnukad 13-05-2003 ls 12-06-2003 rd dqy 32 fnuksa rd cw¡nh vLirky esa rFkk fnukad 20-07-2004 ls 10-08-2003 rd 22 fnol rd o mlds i’pkr~ fnukad 01-03-2004 ls 05-03-2004 rd dh vof/k esa cw¡nh fpfdRlky; esa HkrhZ jgkA vihykFkhZ ds nq?kZVuk esa mlds iSj ij vkbZ pksVksa ds ifj.kkeLo#i fpfdRldksa }kjk vihykFkhZ ds dbZ vkWijs’ku fd;s x;s fdUrq fQj Hkh vihykFkhZ dk cka;k iSj Bhd ugha gqvk] ftl dkj.k vihykFkhZ dk iSj fpfdRld }kjk dkV fn;k x;kA bl nkSjku vihykFkhZ dkQh yEcs le; rd t;iqj o cqanh vLirky esa HkrhZ jgk] ftlds laca/k esa cgqr de jkf’k fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks nh x;h gSA

¶35

13nkSjkus cgl vf/koDrk }kjk ;g Hkh rdZ fn;k x;k fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh gkfu ds en esa Hkh dksbZ leqfpr jkf’k iznku ugha dh x;h gSA vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh vk; izfrekg 1800@& #i;s ekuh x;h gS tcfd vihy i=koyh ij vkbZ v[kf.Mr lk{; ls vihykFkhZ dh vk; 4]000@& #i;s izfrekg gksuk lkfcr dh x;h FkhA fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks cgqr de jkf’k izfrdj ds :i esa vnk dh x;h gSA var esa mijksDr vk/kkjksa ij vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy dks Lohdkj fd;k tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr vokMZ vkns’k fnukad 15-01-2007 esa o`f) dh tkdj e; C;kt vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA

¶36

14fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ chek daiuh dh vksj ls rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk bl ekeys esa tks {kfriwfrZ jkf’k fnyokbZ xbZ gS] og i;kZIr gSA izR;FkhZ ds vf/koDrkx.k us rdZ fy;k gS fd nq?kZVukxzLr okgu dks feF;k fyIr fd;k x;k gSA mDr okgu ls dksbZ nq?kZVuk ugha gqbZ

¶37

(5 of 9) [CMA-2403/2007]

¶38

[2023/RJJP/011737]

¶39

gS vkSj uk gh okgu pkyd dh dksbZ vlko/kkuh jgh gSA vr% fu.kZ; ds fo#) lafLFkr ;g vihy fujLr dh tkosA

¶40

15nksuksa i{kksa dks lquk x;kA vihy i=koyh o fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA

¶41

16eksVj nq?kZVuk esa grkgr O;fDr;ksa dks {kfriwfrZ fnyok;s tkus ds lanHkZ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Anant Son of Sidheswar Dukre versus Pratap son of Zhampannappa Lamzane & Anr. Reported in (2018) 9 Supreme Court Cases

¶42

450, esa fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS tks fuEu izdkj ls gS %&

¶43

“12. In case of motor accidents leading to injuries and disablements, it is a well settled principle that a person must not only be compensated for his physical injury, but also for the non-pecuniary losses which he has suffered due to the injury. The claimant is entitled to be compensated for his inability to lead a full life, and enjoy those things and amenities which he would have enjoyed, but for the injuries.

¶44

The purpose of compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act is to fully and adequately restore the aggrieved to the position prior to the accident. This Court in Yadava Kumar v. National Insurance Co. Ltd. explained “just compensation” in the following words:

¶45

It goes without saying that in matters of determination of compensation both the tribunal and the court are statutorily charged with a responsibility of fixing a “just compensation”. It is obviously true that determination of a just compensation cannot be equated to a bonanza. At the same time the concept of “just compensation” obviously suggests application of fair and equitable principles and a reasonable approach on the part of the tribunals and courts. This reasonableness on the part of the tribunal and court must be on a large peripheral field.”

¶46

17i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 07-05-2003 dh crkbZ x;h gSA vf/kdj.k us vius vkyksP; vkns’k eas ?kVuk

[2023/RJJP/011737]

[CMA-2403/2007]

(6 of 9)

ds le; vihykFkhZ dks vdq’ky Js.kh dk Jfed ekudj mldh ekfld vk; 1800@& #i;s ekuh gSA vihykFkhZ }kjk viuh ekfld vk; 4]000@& #i;s gksuk crk;k x;k gSA fdUrq mldh ekfld vk; 4]000@& #i;s gks] bl laca/k esa dksbZ izek.k&i= izLrqr ugha fd;k gSA ;gka ;g lqLFkkfir fof/k gS fd ftu ekeyksa esa vkgr dh vk; izekf.kr ugha gks] ogka mls nSfud osru Hkksxh etnwjh dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh dh nj ls gh mldh vk; fu/kkZfjr dh tkrh gSA gLrxr ekeys esa ?kVuk dh frfFk 07-05-2003 dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, mDr fnukad dks izpfyr U;wure etnwjh 60@&#i;s izfrfnu ekuk tkuk mfpr gSA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dh oDr ?kVuk ekfld vk; 1800@& #i;s gksrh gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkh vihykFkhZ dh ekfld vk; 1800@& #i;s lgh :i ls ekuh x;h gSA ftlesa dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;s tkus dh dksbZ xqatkbZ’k ekStwn ugha gSA

¶51

18pawfd vihykFkhZ Lofu;ksftr O;fDr gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa us’kuy bZa’;ksjasl dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; fjiksVZsM bu ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh680 esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dh vk; dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, mldh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa 40 izfr’kr dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dh ekfld vk; 1800@& #i;s esa 40 izfr’kr c<+ksrjh djus ds mijkar vihykFkhZ dh ekfld vk; 2520@& #i;s gksrh gS tks vihykFkhZ dh Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfr ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA

¶52

19vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ij vk;h pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ ds ck,a iSj dks ?kqVus ds uhps ls dkV fn;k x;k gS rFkk nk,a iSj ds V[kus esa Stiffness ¼vdM+u½ gS rFkk vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ij vU; pksVsa Hkh vk;h gSa] ftlds lkewfgd izHkko ls vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj esa dqy 79 izfr’kr LFkk;h v’kDrrk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA tSlk fd izn’kZ 15 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gSA pwafd vihykFkhZ ,d etnwj Js.kh dk O;fDr ekuk x;k gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa fuf’pr :i ls vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa deh gksuk

[2023/RJJP/011737]

[CMA-2403/2007]

(7 of 9)

LokHkkfod gSA vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfr esa 79 izfr’kr LFkk;h v’kDrrk gksus ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa 79 izfr’kr vk; dh {kfr gksuk ikrs gSaA

¶57

20vihykFkhZ }kjk oDr ?kVuk viuh vk;q 20 o"kZ gksuk crk;k x;k gSA vihykFkhZ ds fpfdRldh; nLrkost esa Hkh mldh vk;q 20 o"kZ gksuk vafdr gSA vU; dksbZ ,slk izek.k&i= izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gS] ftlls oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dh vk;q 20 o"kZ ls vU;Fkk gksuk izekf.kr gksrh gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ cuke Mh-Vh-lh- fjiksVsZM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr rFkk us’kuy bZa’;ksjasl dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa mDr fl)kUr dks ekU;rk iznku fd;s tkus ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfriwfrZ gsrq mldh 20 o"kZ vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 18 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vius fu.kZ; esa 16 dk xq.kd yxk;k x;k gS tks fd =qfViw.kZ gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfr esa mijksDrkuqlkj c<ksrjh fd;k tkuk mfpr izdV gksrk gSA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dh fu/kkZfjr vk; 2]520@& #i;s dk 79 izfr’kr 1991@& #i;s gksrk gS tks vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh ekfld {kfr gSA ftldh x.kuk djus ij dqy {kfr 1991 x 12 x 18 = 4]30]056@& #i;s gksrh gSA vr% vihykFkhZ Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfr ds en esa dqy 4]30]056@& #i;s izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA

¶58

21vihykFkhZ ds fpfdRldh; nLrkostksa ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dqy 54 fnuksa rd fofHkUu vLirkyksa esa bZykt ds nkSjku HkrhZ jgk gSA fdUrq vihykFkhZ dks vLirky esa bZykt gsrq HkrhZ jgus ds fy, dksbZ {kfr iwfrZ jkf’k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA vihykFkhZ ds bZykt gsrq 54 fnu vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa ge 500@& #i;s izfrfnu ds fglkc ls dqy 27]000@& #i;s Hkh fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶59

22fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ ds 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k rFkk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ {+kfriwfrZ fo}ku

[2023/RJJP/011737]

[CMA-2403/2007]

(8 of 9)

vf/kdj.k }kjk ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ij dkfjr pksVksa dh izdfr o 'ks"k 'kjhj ij vkbZ LFkk;h v’kDrrk dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, ge vihykFkhZ dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 80]000@& #i;s rFkk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lqfo/kk dh deh dh en esa 80]000@& #i;s i`Fkd ls fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶64

23fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fpfdRlk O;;] ;krk;kr o ns[kHkky o fo'ks"k [kqjkd dh en esa 25]000@& #i;s crkSj {kfriwfrZ fnyokbZ gS rFkk vihykFkhZ ds N% ekg rd mipkjk/khu jgus ds dkj.k N% ekg dh vk; ds :i esa 10]800@& #i;s crkSj {kfriwfrZ fnyok;k gSA mDr nksuksa enksa esa fnyokbZ x;h {kfriwfrZ dh jkf'k esa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶65

24mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZ@DysesaV fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gS %&

¶66

Øe la[;k	'kh"kZ@en	vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ x;h jkf’k	bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k
1-	Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; vtZu dh {kerk esa deh ds #i esa	2]83]024@&	4]30]056@&
2-	'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k	'kwU;	80]000@&
3-	Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lqfo/kk dh deh	'kwU;	80]000@&
4-	fpfdRlk O;;] ;krk;kr ,oa fo’ks"k [kqjkd o ns[kHkky	25]000@&	25]000@&
5-	pksVksa ds dkj.k vk; dh gkfu	10]800@&	10]800@&
6-	bZykt ds nkSjku vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa	'kwU;	27]000@&
	dqy	3]18]824@&#i;s	6]52]856@&#i;s

¶67

25rnuqlkj ;g vihy vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku v/khuLFk vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV ftlds }kjk fd vihykFkhZ@DysesaV dks 3]18]824@& :i;s fnyk;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku

(9 of 9)

[2023/RJJP/011737]

[CMA-2403/2007]

ij 6]52]856@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA vihykFkhZ }kjk izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ik;k tkrk gSA

¶72

26mDr jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZ] 7-5 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA

¶73

27vkns’k dh izfr ds lkFk izdj.k dk vfHkys[k lacaf/kr vf/kdj.k dks ykSVk;k tkosA

¶74

28rnuqlkj ;g ;kfpdk fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA

¶75

(ASHUTOSH KUMAR), J

¶76

Lokesh/10

Laxman v. Sharwan

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Laxman v. Sharwan

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

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