Allowed

Satish Kumar and Ors. v. Govt of NCT of Delhi and Ors.

Delhi HC5 Feb 2018W.P.(C)/1034/2016

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

Petitioners sought a declaration that land acquisition proceedings lapsed under Section 24(2) of the 2013 Act as possession was taken without payment. The Court held that depositing compensation in government treasury does not constitute payment, mandating deposit in court under the 1894 Act, and thus proceedings are deemed lapsed.

What did the court decide?

Declaration that acquisition proceedings in respect of the subject land are deemed to have lapsed under Section 24(2) of the 2013 Act.

Satish Kumar and Ors. Vs Govt of NCT of Delhi and Ors. — Land Acquisition | Delhi HC (2018)

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI

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% Date of Judgment: 05^th February, 2018

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- W.P.(C) 1034/2016 SATISH KUMAR AND ORS ..... Petitioners

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Through: Mr.Aditya Singh, Advocate.

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versus

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GOVT OF NCT OF DELHI AND ORS ..... Respondents Through: Mr.Siddharth Panda, Advocate for respondent nos.1 & 2/LAC & L&B Department. Mr.Sanjeev Sabharwal, Standing Counsel with Mr.Hem Kumar and Ms.Simmee Kumari, Advocates for respondent/DDA.

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CORAM:

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HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE G.S.SISTANI HON'BLE MS. JUSTICE SANGITA DHINGRA SEHGAL

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G.S.SISTANI, J. (ORAL)

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This is a petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India filed by the petitioners seeking a declaration that the acquisition proceedings in respect of the land of the petitioners comprised in Khasra No.1413(old)-857(new) (0-12), Khasra No.1416(old)861(new) (1-6), Khasra No.1493(old)-936 (new) (0-19) total admeasuring 2 bigha 17 biswas situated in the revenue estate of village Mehrauli, New Delhi (hereinafter referred to as „the subject

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land‟) stand lapsed in view of Section 24 (2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (hereinafter referred to as „2013 Act‟), as the physical possession of the subject land has been taken but the compensation has not been paid to the petitioners.

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In this case, a Notification under Section 4 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (hereinafter referred to as „the Act‟) was issued on 13.11.1959, a declaration under Section 6 of the Act was issued on 07.12.1966, 23.12.1968 & 02.01.1969 and two Awards bearing Nos.43-A/1981-82 and 83/1982-83 were rendered. Counsel for the petitioner submits that he is in actual physical possession of subject land. He submits that the case of the petitioner is fully covered by a decision rendered by the Apex Court in the case of Pune Municipal

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Corporation & Anr. v. Harakchand Misirimal Solanki & ors., reported at (2014) 3 SCC 183, as the compensation has not been paid to the petitioners.

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As per counter affidavit filed by the LAC, the possession of the subject land has been taken over but the compensation has been sent to RD. Para 7 of the counter affidavit reads as under:

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“ 7 . That in the present case, the possession of the above mentioned lands was taken over and handed over to the beneficiary department on 09.03.1983, 14.02.1983 and 25.03.1983 for Khasra numbers 1413, 1416 and 1493 respectively. The status of compensation as per statement-A with respect to the above said land is as under:-

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Khasra no.	NAME	AWARD NO.	AMOUNT	REMARKS
(Old) 1493	Bhola Ram	83/82-83	2476.54
(new) 936	Santosh	83/82-83	619.13
(0-19)	Kumar			Sent in RD

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	Shyam Sunder	83/82-83	619.13
	Rakesh Kumar	83/82-83	619.13
	Sanjeev Kumar	83/82-83	619.14
Khasra no.	NAME	AWARD NO.	AMOUNT	REMARKS
(Old)	Bhola Ram	60/82-83	3353.21	Sent in RD
1416 (new) 861 (1-6)	Bal Kishan	60/82-83	3353.22
Khasra no.	NAME	AWARD NO.	AMOUNT	REMARKS
(Old) 1413	Bhola Ram	43 A/81-82	19430.39
(new) 857 (0-12)	Satish Kumar	43 A/81-82	485.84
	Shyam Sunder	43 A/81-82	485.84	Sent in RD
	Mukesh Kumar	43 A/81-82	485.85
	Sanjeev Kumar	43 A/81-82	485.85

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”.

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Counsel for the DDA submits that the possession has been taken.

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We have heard the counsel for the parties.

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In the case of Pune Municipal Corporation & Anr. (supra) , in p aras 14 to 20, it was held as under:

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“14. Section 31(1) of the 1894 Act enjoins upon the Collector, on making an award under Section 11, to tender payment of compensation to persons interested entitled thereto according to award. It further mandates the Collector to make payment of compensation to them unless prevented by one of the contingencies contemplated in sub-section (2). The contingencies contemplated in Section 31(2) are: (i) the persons interested entitled to compensation do not consent to receive it (ii) there is no person competent to alienate the

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land and (iii) there is dispute as to the title to receive compensation or as to the apportionment of it. If due to any of the contingencies contemplated in Section 31(2), the Collector is prevented from making payment of compensation to the persons interested who are entitled to compensation, then the Collector is required to deposit the compensation in the court to which reference under Section 18 may be made.

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Simply put, Section 31 of the 1894 Act makes provision for payment of compensation or deposit of the same in the court. This provision requires that the Collector should tender payment of compensation as awarded by him to the persons interested who are entitled to compensation. If due to happening of any contingency as contemplated in Section 31(2), the compensation has not been paid, the Collector should deposit the amount of compensation in the court to which reference can be made under Section 18.

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The mandatory nature of the provision in Section 31(2) with regard to deposit of the compensation in the court is further fortified by the provisions contained in Sections 32, 33 and 34. As a matter of fact, Section 33 gives power to the court, on an application by a person interested or claiming an interest in such money, to pass an order to invest the amount so deposited in such government or other approved securities and may direct the interest or other proceeds of any such investment to be accumulated and paid in such manner as it may consider proper so that the parties interested therein may have the benefit therefrom as they might have had from the land in respect whereof such money shall have been deposited or as near thereto as may be.

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While enacting Section 24(2), Parliament definitely had in its view Section 31 of the 1894 Act. From that one thing is clear that it did not intend to equate the word “paid” to “offered” or “tendered”. But at the same time, we do not think that by use of the word “paid”, Parliament intended receipt of compensation by the landowners/persons interested. In our view, it is not appropriate to give a literal

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construction to the expression “paid” used in this subsection (sub-section (2) of Section 24). If a literal construction were to be given, then it would amount to ignoring procedure, mode and manner of deposit provided in Section 31(2) of the 1894 Act in the event of happening of any of the contingencies contemplated therein which may prevent the Collector from making actual payment of compensation. We are of the view, therefore, that for the purposes of Section 24(2), the compensation shall be regarded as “paid” if the compensation has been offered to the person interested and such compensation has been deposited in the court where reference under Section 18 can be made on happening of any of the contingencies contemplated under Section 31(2) of the 1894 Act. In other words, the compensation may be said to have been “paid” within the meaning of Section 24(2) when the Collector (or for that matter Land Acquisition Officer) has discharged his obligation and deposited the amount of compensation in court and made that amount available to the interested person to be dealt with as provided in Sections 32 and 33.

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1894 Act being an expropriatory legislation has to be strictly followed. The procedure, mode and manner for payment of compensation are prescribed in Part V (Sections 31-34) of the 1894 Act. The Collector, with regard to the payment of compensation, can only act in the manner so provided. It is settled proposition of law (classic statement of Lord Roche in Nazir Ahmad[1]) that where a power is given to do a certain thing in a certain way, the thing must be done in that way or not at all. Other methods of performance are necessarily forbidden.

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Now, this is admitted position that award was made on 31.01.2008. Notices were issued to the landowners to receive the compensation and since they did not receive the compensation, the amount (Rs.27 crores) was deposited in the government treasury. Can it be said that deposit of the amount of compensation in the government treasury is equivalent to the amount of compensation paid to the landowners/persons interested? We do not think so. In a comparatively recent decision, this Court in Agnelo

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Santimano Fernandes[2], relying upon the earlier decision in Prem Nath Kapur[3], has held that the deposit of the amount of the compensation in the state‟s revenue account is of no avail and the liability of the state to pay interest subsists till the amount has not been deposited in court.

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From the above, it is clear that the award pertaining to the subject land has been made by the Special Land Acquisition Officer more than five years prior to the commencement of the 2013 Act. It is also admitted position that compensation so awarded has neither been paid to the landowners/persons interested nor deposited in the court. The deposit of compensation amount in the government treasury is of no avail and cannot be held to be equivalent to compensation paid to the landowners/persons interested. We have, therefore, no hesitation in h o lding that the subject land acquisition proceedings shall be deemed to have lapsed under Section 24(2) of the 2013 Act.”

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Having regard to the submissions made, stand taken by the LAC in the counter affidavit and more particularly para 7 of the counter affidavit which is extracted above, it leaves no room for doubt that compensation has not been paid to the petitioners, we are of the considered view that the necessary ingredients for the application of Section 24(2) of the 2013 Act as has been interpreted by the Supreme Court of India and this Court stand satisfied.

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Since, the award having been announced more than five years prior to the commencement of the 2013 Act, the petitioners are entitled to declaration that the acquisition proceedings in respect of the subject land are deemed to have lapsed. It is ordered accordingly.

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