Jatashankar Vs State Of Chhattisgarh — Murder and Culpable Homicide | Chhattisgarh HC (2025)

Jatashankar Vs State Of Chhattisgarh — Murder and Culpable Homicide | Chhattisgarh HC (2025)

What the court decided

AI extract

Outcome

Writ petition allowed to the extent that the petitioner is held entitled to back wages only from the date of acquittal (17/10/2013) to the date of reinstatement (06/05/2015); claim for the earlier suspension-to-acquittal period under 'no work, no pay' not accepted.

Issue for consideration

Whether the petitioner, acquitted after conviction and termination and thereafter reinstated, is entitled to back wages for the period from the date of his suspension (10/03/1993) till the date of reinstatement (06/05/2015), or whether that period is rightly treated as 'no work, no pay'.

Court's answer

Subsequent acquittal of the petitioner, though it obliterates his conviction, does not operate retrospectively to wipe out the legal consequences of the conviction.

Ratio / Principle

Applying Raj Narain (supra), the petitioner is entitled to back wages only from the date of his acquittal (17/10/2013) till the date of his reinstatement (06/05/2015), and not for the earlier period from suspension.

Detailed headnote1 paragraphs

Writ Petition (S) No. 6368 of 2017, decided 11.06.2025 (Single Bench, Sanjay K. Agrawal J., High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur): A Peon of the Water Resources Department, suspended on 10/03/1993 for involvement in an offence under Section 302 IPC, convicted on 20/08/1998 and consequently terminated on 24/06/2006, was acquitted on 17/10/2013 when his criminal appeal was set aside, and reinstated on 06/05/2015. His claim for back wages for the entire suspension-to-reinstatement period had been rejected by the Labour Court (order dated 23/0/8/2017, Annexure P/2) on 'no work, no pay' grounds. Relying on Ranchhodji Chaturji Thakore, Jaipal Singh, Bhopal Singh Panchal, Mohammed Abdul Rahim and applying Raj Narain, the Court held that subsequent acquittal obliterates the conviction but does not operate retrospectively to wipe out its legal consequences, and that back wages are payable only from the date of acquittal (17/10/2013) to the date of reinstatement (06/05/2015). Writ petition allowed to that extent.

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2025:CGHC:23139

NAFR

HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR

Writ Petition (S) No. 6368 of 2017

Jatashankar S/o Ramsai Kol , Aged About 58 Years Caste Uraon , R/o Balrampur Water Resources Department Balrampur Occupation Peon Water Resources Department Balrampur , District Balrampur Chhattisgarh.

... Petitioner

versus

State Of Chhattisgarh Through The Secretary Water Resources Department Mahanadi Bhawan Mantralaya New Raipur District Raipur Chhattisgarh.

Superintending Engineer, Shyam Barnai Project, Ambikapur District Surguja Chhattisgarh.

Chief Engineer, Hasdeo Ganga Kachhar, Water Resources Department Ambikapur District Surguja Chhattisgarh.

Executive Engineer, Water Resources Department Balrampur Chhattisgarh.

... Respondents

For Petitioner : Mr. Mirza Kaiser Baeg, Advocate For Respondents/State : Mr. Ashutosh Shukla and Mr. Sharad Mishra, P.L.

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SB- Hon'ble Shri Justice Sanjay K. Agrawal Order On Board

11.06.2025

1. The petitioner herein was working as a Peon in the respondent department and he was suspended by order dated 10/03/1993 on account of his involvement in commission of offence under Section 302 of IPC and since he was convicted for the said offence by learned Sessions Judge on 20/08/1998, he was consequently terminated from service on 24/06/2006. However, his appeal against the order of conviction was set aside by this Court by order dated 17/10/2013 (Annexure P/3) and he was acquitted and was further reinstated on the said post by order dated 06/05/2015 (Annexure P/1). He also made an application for grant of back wages on 01/08/2016 but no action has been taken which led to the filing of this writ petition.

2. Mr. Mirza Kaiser Baeg, learned counsel for the petitioner, would submit that petitioner is entitled for back wages as he has been acquitted by the Criminal Court and he has been reinstated on service, however, he has been refused on the basis that the period from the date of his suspension i.e. 10/03/1993 till the date of reinstatement

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i.e. 06/05/2015 is to be treated as “no work, no pay”, which is absolutely unsustainable in law.

3. Per contra, Mr. Ashutosh Shukla, learned State counsel would submit that since petitioner was involved in a criminal offence for which he had undergone criminal trial and though he has been acquitted but the period from the date of his suspension till the date of joining will be treated as non-working period and the claim of the petitioner with regard to treating his non-service period as service period and making payment for the same has already been rejected by learned Labour Court vide order dated 23/0/8/2017(Annexure P/2) which is absolutely in accordance with law, therefore, the instant writ petition is liable to be dismissed.

4. I have heard learned counsel for the parties, considered their submissions and went through the records with utmost circumspection.

5. The issue involved herein is no longer res integra and it stands conclusively determined by their Lordships of the Supreme Court by their judgment first of all in Ranchhodji

Chaturji Thakore v. Superintendent Engineer, Gujarat

Electricity Board, Himmatnagar1 in which their Lordships have considered a case where an employee was

1 (1996) 11 SCC 603

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dismissed from service on account of his conviction by a criminal court for his involvement in an offence under Section 302/34 of the IPC and subsequently, he was acquitted and as a consequence, reinstated. Their Lordships while considering the issue whether back-wages should be paid to the employee for the period between the date of dismissal and the date of reinstatement held as under: -

"The reinstatement of the petitioner into the service has already been ordered by the High Court. The only question is whether he is entitled to back wages. It was his conduct of involving himself in the crime that was taken into account for his not being in service of the respondent. Consequent upon his acquittal, he is entitled to reinstatement for the reason that his service was terminated on the basis of the conviction by operation of proviso to the statutory rules applicable to the situation. The question of back wages would be considered only if the respondents have taken action by way of disciplinary proceedings and the action was found to be unsustainable in law and he was unlawfully prevented from discharging the duties. In that context, his conduct becomes relevant. Each case requires to be considered in its own backdrop. In this case, since the petitioner had involved himself in a crime, though he was later acquitted, he had disabled himself from rendering the service on account of conviction and incarceration in jail. Under these circumstances, the petitioner is not entitled to payment of back wages. "

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6. Similarly, in the matter of Union of India v. Jaipal Singh 2, the principle of law laid down in Ranchhodji Chaturji Thakore (supra) has been followed with approval.

7. In the matter of Management of Reserve Bank of India,

New Delhi v. Bhopal Singh Panchal 3, the Supreme Court has considered a provision in the service regulation which provided that an employee, who is absent from duty without any authority, shall not be entitled to any pay and allowance during the period of such absence (similar to F.R. 17) and held as under: -

“ 15. … It is only if such employee is acquitted of all blame and is treated by the competent authority as being on duty during the period of suspension that such employee is entitled to full pay and allowances for the said period. In other words, the Regulations vest the power exclusively in the Bank to treat the period of such suspension on duty or on leave or otherwise. The power thus vested cannot be validly challenged. During this period, the employee renders no work. He is absent for reasons of his own involvement in the misconduct and the Bank is in no way responsible for keeping him away from his duties. The Bank, therefore, cannot be saddled with the liability to pay him his salary and allowances for the period. That will be against the principle of ‘no work, no pay’ and positively inequitable to those who have to work and earn their pay. …”

2 (2004) 1 SCC 121

3 AIR 1994 SC 552

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8. In the matter of State Bank of India and another v. Mohammed Abdul Rahim 4, the Supreme Court considering the earlier decisions in Ranchhodji Chaturji Thakore (supra), Jaipal Singh’s case (supra) and Baldev Singh v. Union of India 5, held that subsequent acquittal of Government servant though obliterates his conviction, does not operate retrospectively to wipe out the legal consequences of the conviction under the Act, and observed as under: -

“11. … During the aforesaid period there was, therefore, a prohibition in law on the appellant Bank from employing him. If the respondent could not have remained employed with the appellant Bank during the said period on account of the provisions of the Act, it is difficult to visualise as to how he would be entitled to payment of salary during that period. His subsequent acquittal though obliterates his conviction, does not operate retrospectively to wipe out the legal consequences of the conviction under the Act. The entitlement of the respondent to back wages has to be judged on the aforesaid basis. His reinstatement, undoubtedly, became due following his acquittal and the same has been granted by the appellant Bank.”

9. Finally, in the matter of Raj Narain v. Union of India and

others 6, their Lordships have relied upon the decision rendered in Ranchhodji Chaturji Thakore (supra) and have held that the appellant therein shall be entitled for

4 (2013) 11 SCC 67

5 (2005) 8 SCC 747

6 (2019) 5 SCC 809

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back wages only from the date of acquittal till the date of his reinstatement.

10. Reverting to the facts of the present case, it is quite vivid that petitioner was convicted by the jurisdictional criminal court by order dated 20/08/1998 pursuant to which he was terminated from service on 24/06/2006, however, on his acquittal from the criminal charges by this Court on 17/10/2013 (Annexure P/3), he was reinstated by order dated 06/05/2015 (Annexure P/1) but his claim for back wages from the date of his suspension to the date of reinstatement has been denied as it the said period has been treated by the respondent department as ‘no work no pay’ and in light of the aforesaid principles of law laid down by their Lordships of the Supreme Court in

Ranchhodji Chaturji Thakore (supra), Jaipal Singh (supra), Baldev Singh (supra), Mohammed Abdul Rahim (supra) and Raj Narain (supra), subsequent acquittal of the petitioner though obliterates his conviction, but it does not operate retrospectively to wipe out the legal consequences of the conviction, however, the petitioner will be entitled for back wages only from the date of his acquittal i.e. 17/10/2013 till the date of his reinstatement i.e. 06/05/2015 in light of the decision of the Supreme Court in the matter of Raj Narain (supra).

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11. In view of the aforesaid, this writ petition is allowed to the

extent indicated herein-above.

Sd/- (Sanjay K. Agrawal) Judge

Harneet