Dismissed

Sagar @ Shiva Bharat Pawar v. the State of Maharashtra

Bombay HC4 Oct 2019APEAL/511/2016

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

In an appeal under Section 374 CrPC, the Court upheld the conviction of an appellant who abducted a woman under 18 by falsely representing himself as unmarried and forcing her to elope to commit rape and abduction. The Court held consent was vitiated by the misconception of fact.

What did the court decide?

The criminal appeal was dismissed upholding the conviction and sentence.

Sagar @ Shiva Bharat Pawar Vs the State… — Constitutional and Fundamental Rights | Bombay HC (2019)

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY

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CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

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CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.511 OF 2016

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SAGAR @ SHIVA BHARAT PAWAR )...APPELLANT

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V/s.

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THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA

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)...RESPONDENT

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Ms.Anjali Awasthi, Advocate for the Appellant.

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Mr.A.R.Kapadnis, APP for the Respondent - State.

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CORAM : A. M. BADAR, J. DATE : 4^th OCTOBER 2019

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ORAL JUDGMENT :

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1 By this appeal, the appellant/convicted accused is challenging the judgment and order dated 31^st August 2015 passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, City Civil & Sessions Court, Greater Mumbai, in Sessions Case No.599 of 2014, thereby convicting him of offences punishable under Sections 366 and 376(1) of the Indian Penal Code. On first count, the

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appellant/convicted accused is sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment of 7 years apart from direction to pay fine of Rs.5,000/- and in default, to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 4 months. On second count, he is sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment for 10 years apart from direction to pay fine of Rs.5,000/- and in default, to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 4 months.

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2 Facts, in brief, leading to the prosecution and resultant conviction of the appellant/accused, can be summarized thus :

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(a) According to the prosecution case, victim of the crime in question – who is examined as PW1, was at the relevant time, below 18 years of age. She was residing at Kamgar Nagar, Kurla, along with her mother PW2 Jayashree as well as her father and two brothers. Her father was in employment of Mumbai Municipal Corporation and apart from that, he used to manufacture idols of Lord Ganpati.

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(b) In the year 2012, the appellant/convicted accused came to the house of the prosecutrix/PW1. He informed father of the prosecutrix/PW1 that he is an orphan and unmarried person, aged about 26 years. He requested for work. Hence, father of the prosecutrix/PW1 allowed the appellant/convicted accused to reside at his house as a member of family. The appellant/convicted accused, while staying at the house of the father of the prosecutrix/PW1, started doing work of manufacturing the idols. With passage of time, the appellant/convicted accused expressed his love to the prosecutrix/PW1 and she also accepted his proposal. Subsequently, there was break up as the appellant/convicted accused had assaulted the prosecutrix/PW1. Thereafter, on 26^th April 2014, the appellant/convicted accused called the prosecutrix/PW1 at a hotel at Sion. He forced her to elope with him. She refused. Thereafter, the appellant/convicted accused threatened her with dire consequences by telling her that if she fails to accompany him, he will kill all her family members. Ultimately, under threat extended by the appellant/

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convicted accused, the prosecutrix/PW1 left her house on 30^th April 2014 and joined company of the appellant/convicted accused. He took her to the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil where he had started work of preparing idols. The prosecutrix/PW1 stayed with the appellant/convicted accused at the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil at Kalwa area of Pen Taluka in District Raigad. There, he had forcible sexual intercourse with the prosecutrix/PW1.

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(c) In the meanwhile, noticing that her daughter had gone missing from the house, PW2 Jayashree lodged missing report on 30^th April 2014. She came to know that her daughter is with the appellant/convicted accused at the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil at Kalwa. Along with police, PW2 Jayashree went to Police Station Dadar Gaon on 8^th May 2014. From there, along with police, she went to the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil. She found her missing daughter – prosecutrix/PW1 in the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil. The appellant/convicted accused was also there. They all then

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went to the police station. At the police station, PW4 Neeta Pawar was also present. She informed the prosecutrix/PW1 and others that she is second wife of the appellant/convicted accused and she has two children from him. She disclosed that first wife of the appellant/convicted accused, Sanika, was having three children and she died on 6^th December 2012 during her last delivery.

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(d) The prosecutrix/PW1, as such, came to know that the appellant/convicted accused had obtained her consent under misconception of fact, and therefore, on 11^th May 2014, she lodged First Information Report (FIR) Exhibit 13 with Police Station Nehru Nagar, which resulted in registration of Crime No.94 of 2014.

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(e) The prosecutrix/PW1 was sent for medical examination to J.J.Hospital, Mumbai, where she was examined by PW5 Dr.Dhruv Gohil, Gynecologist. Spot came to be inspected in presence of panch witness PW7 Rupesh Patil as well as PW3

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Bhagvan Patil and Spot Panchnama Exhibit 17 as well as Map Exhibit 18 came to be prepared. Routine investigation followed and ultimately, the appellant/convicted accused came to be charge-sheeted.

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(f) In order to bring home the guilt to the appellant/convicted accused, the prosecution has examined in all eight witnesses. The defence of the appellant/convicted accused was that of total denial. According to him, he is falsely implicated in the instant case because of professional rivalry with father of the prosecutrix/PW1. However, he did not enter in the defence.

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3 I have heard Ms.Anjali Awasthi, the learned counsel appearing for the appellant/convicted accused, at sufficient length of time. She took me through entire record and proceedings and contended that in order to prove the fact that the appellant/convicted accused is a married person, the prosecution ought to have examined mother of the appellant/convicted accused, who was, allegedly, maintaining his children. Non-

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examination of mother of the appellant/convicted accused creates doubt in the prosecution case and alleged misconception of fact is not proved by the prosecution. By drawing my attention to evidence of PW5 Dr.Dhruv Gohil as well as papers of medical examination of the prosecutrix/PW1, the learned counsel argued that this witness had opined that there is no evidence of any forcible sexual penetration of the victim, and as such, Charge under Section 376 of the Indian Penal Code must fail. She further argued that even according to the prosecution case, the prosecutrix/PW1 was more than 18 years of age at the time of the alleged incident, and therefore, the offence punishable under Section 366 of the Indian Penal Code is not proved by the prosecution.

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4 The learned APP supported the impugned judgment and order of conviction and the resultant sentence by contending that evidence of the prosecutrix/PW1 is reliable and trustworthy.

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5 I have carefully considered the submissions so advanced and also perused the record and proceedings including oral as well as documentary evidence produced by the prosecution.

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6 Now let us examine whether the prosecution has proved that sexual intercourse between the appellant/convicted accused and the prosecutrix/PW1 amounts to the offence of rape, as defined by Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code, because the same was without her consent. This is particularly so because the prosecutrix/PW1 in her chief-examination itself has stated that the appellant/convicted accused had expressed his love towards her and she had accepted that proposal of the appellant/convicted accused. Let us, therefore, examine evidence of the prosecutrix/ PW1 in order to ascertain whether her evidence makes out a case of sexual intercourse with her by the appellant/convicted accused, and that, such sexual intercourse was without her consent.

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7 Evidence of the prosecutrix/PW1 as well as her mother

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– PW2 Jayashree, unerringly points out that in the year 2012, the appellant/convicted accused came to their house and informed father of the prosecutrix/PW1 that he was not having any arrangement of residence at Mumbai, he had no parents and he was an unmarried person. Evidence of both these witnesses goes to show that father of the prosecutrix/PW1 was in the business of making and selling idols of Lord Ganpati for earning his livelihood, apart from service with the Mumbai Municipal Corporation. Evidence of both these witnesses further shows that the appellant/convicted accused was also good in making the idols. Infact, it was suggested to the prosecutrix/PW1 that the appellant/convicted accused had his own karkhana for making idols. It was suggested to her mother PW2 Jayashree that the appellant/convicted accused had opened his own shop of idols in front of their shop and he has having more business. It was suggested to PW2 Jayashree during the course of crossexamination that father of the prosecutrix/PW1 was paying salary

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of Rs.30,000/- per month to the appellant/convicted accused and he was residing in their house and was sharing food with them. All these suggestions were accepted by PW2 Jayashree. She also accepted in her cross-examination the fact that even food was provided by them to the appellant/convicted accused during his stay at their residence. This evidence of the prosecutrix/PW1 and her mother, as such, establishes the fact that in the year 2012-13, the appellant/convicted accused used to reside at the house of the prosecutrix/PW1 as a member of their family and was doing the work of making idols with her father.

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8 On this backdrop, it is in evidence of the

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prosecutrix/PW1 that the appellant/convicted accused expressed his love towards her and she accepted that proposal. They were meeting each other regularly. However, as deposed by the prosecutrix/PW1, on one occasion there was assault by the appellant/convicted accused on her, and therefore, there was break up and she informed the appellant/convicted accused that she was not ready to marry him. The prosecutrix/PW1 then came

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up with a theory of threatening her by the appellant/convicted accused to leave her house. The threat was to kill her family members. This, according to the prosecutrix/PW1, happened on 26^th April 2014, and therefore, she left the house to join the company of the appellant/convicted accused on 30^th April 2014, on the pretext of going to the school. She, then, went to Vashi, where the appellant/convicted accused met her. Then, they went to Village Pen, and thereafter, to the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil at Kalwa. This evidence of the prosecutrix/PW1 cannot be believed because for about 2 years, the appellant/convicted accused was residing in her housed as a member of their family. Evidence on record does not suggest that the appellant/convicted accused had tendency to commit offence of assaulting or causing hurt to others. The prosecutrix/PW1 had ample opportunity to report the facts to her parents and to take recourse to law, as she had education up to 12^th Standard, as deposed by her. She was residing with her family members, who were supporting her. In such situation, theory of forcibly taking the prosecutrix/PW1, sought to be made out by her, cannot be believed. Her evidence

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indicates that because of love affair with the appellant/convicted accused, she eloped from the house on 30^th April 2014 and stayed with the appellant/convicted accused at the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil at Kalwa, up to 8^th May 2014, as stated by her.

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9 The prosecutrix/PW1 further deposed that during her stay at the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil, the appellant/convicted accused had forcible sexual intercourse with her. In the wake of love affair of the prosecutrix/PW1 with the appellant/convicted accused, this evidence, so far as it attributes forcefulness to the sexual intercourse, cannot be accepted. It has come in evidence of mother of the prosecutrix/PW1 i.e. PW2 Jayashree, that even after six to seven months of stay with of the appellant/convicted accused at her house, the prosecutrix/PW1 had eloped with the appellant/convicted accused and stayed with him for about eight days. She was in love with the appellant/convicted accused, and t therefore, it is not possible to accept version of the prosecutrix/PW1 that she was subjected to sexual intercourse forcefully by the appellant/convicted accused. Whatever was

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going on between them was certainly with tacit consent of the prosecutrix/PW1.

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10 PW2 Jayashree – mother of the prosecutrix/PW1 has deposed about lodgement of missing report on 30^th April 2014 – a fact which is also vouched by Investigating Officer PW6 Ganshyam Borse, Police Sub-Inspector, Nehru Nagar Police station. Her evidence shows that after getting information of the prosecutrix/ PW1 being with the appellant/convicted accused at the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil at Kalwa, she along with police went to that place. PW2 Jayashree has stated that she found her daughter i.e. the prosecutrix/PW1 at the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil and the appellant/convicted accused was also there.

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11 PW2 Jayashree has spoken about meeting PW4 Neeta Pawar at the police station and recitals of PW4 Neeta Pawar regarding consecutive marriages of the appellant/convicted accused with her as well as with Sanika. The prosecutrix/PW1 as well as her mother – PW2 Jayashree have spoken about

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lodgement of the FIR Exhibit 13 against the appellant/convicted accused on 11^th May 2014 with the Nehru Nagar Police Station, Kurla, Mumbai. This, according to the version of the prosecutrix/PW1, was because of the fact that for the first time from recitals of PW4 Neeta Pawar, she came to know that the appellant/convicted accused firstly married with Sanika and has three children from her and subsequently he married PW4 Neeta Pawar and has two children from her. As per version of the prosecutrix/PW1, she was informed by the appellant/convicted accused that he was an unmarried person. Same are the recitals of the FIR Exhibit 13 lodged by the prosecutrix/PW1 against the appellant/convicted accused. Her FIR reveals that the appellant/ convicted accused had given a false impression that he was an unmarried person and thereafter, expressed his love on the prosecutrix/PW1.

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12 It is brought on record from cross-examination of the prosecutrix/PW1 that though the appellant/convicted accused had prepared papers of marriage, he had not performed marriage with

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the prosecutrix/PW1. She denied the suggestion that the appellant/convicted accused had not committed any sexual intercourse with her. However, there is no cross-examination of the prosecutrix/PW1 which would allow this court to infer that the prosecutrix/PW1 was knowing that the appellant/convicted accused is a married person having children and still she surrendered her chastity to the appellant/convicted accused.

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13 Stay of the prosecutrix/PW1 with the appellant/ convicted accused, at his house, for the period from 30^th April 2014 to 8^th May 2014, is proved by PW3 Bhagvan Patil by his evidence before the court. As per his version, he is in the business of making idols and initially, the appellant/convicted accused came alone to him for work. As disclosed by PW3 Bhagvan Patil, he gave work to the appellant/convicted accused, and as such, the appellant/convicted accused started residing in his house. Thereafter, as stated by PW3 Bhagvan Patil, the appellant/ convicted accused brought one girl and started residing with her in his house. But subsequently, mother of that girl came to his

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house along with police. This evidence of PW3 Bhagvan Patil remained unshattered in the cross-examination, and as such, there is no reason to disbelieve his version that the appellant/convicted accused stayed at his house along with the prosecutrix/PW1 from 30^th April 2014 to 8^th May 2014.

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14 The prosecutrix/PW1 was subjected to medical examination which was conducted by PW5 Dr.Dhruv Gohil. The prosecutrix/PW1 has given history to this Medical Officer of the J.J.Hospital, Mumbai. As deposed by PW5 Dr.Dhruv Gohil, the prosecutrix/PW1 gave history of relationship with a known person namely Sagar Pawar since two years and she further stated that she was forced to have intercourse with him by said Sagar Pawar from 30^th April 2014 to 7^th May 2014. This history is reflected in the contemporaneous medico legal documents at Exhibit 23. PW5 Dr.Dhruv Gohil advised several tests on the prosecutrix/PW1. His report of medical examination of the prosecutrix/PW1 found in medical papers is to the effect that hymen of the prosecutrix/PW1 was found ruptured but there was no evidence of external injury

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or physical assault. This Medical Officer has reported that there is no evidence of any forceful sexual penetration. The learned counsel for the appellant/convicted accused heavily relied on this report to demonstrate that there was no sexual intercourse. However, the report is to the effect that sexual intercourse was not forceful. While appreciating evidence of the prosecutrix/PW1, I have already hold that she was deeply in love with the appellant/convicted accused and as such, she accompanied the appellant/convicted accused, stayed with him and had sexual intercourse with him. But that was because of disclosure of the appellant/convicted accused that he was an unmarried person. Even otherwise, rupture of hymen of the victim is suggestive of penetrative sexual intercourse with her, and to that extent, this evidence is corroborating the version of the prosecutrix/PW1.

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15 It is established by the prosecution, with this evidence, that the appellant/convicted accused, by disclosing to the prosecutrix/PW1 and her family members, that he was an unmarried person, had sexual intercourse with the

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prosecutrix/PW1 from 30^th April 2014 to 8^th May 2014 at the house of PW3 Bhagvan Patil.

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16 Now let us examine whether such sexual intercourse with the prosecutrix/PW1 by the appellant/convicted accused was without her consent. On this aspect, evidence of PW4 Neeta Pawar is material. This witness has categorically deposed that she married the appellant/convicted accused in the year 2006 without knowing the fact that the appellant/convicted accused was a married person. As per her version, after marrying the appellant/ convicted accused, she came to know that the appellant/convicted accused was already married to a lady named Sanika and he was having two children from her. Evidence of PW4 Neeta Pawar shows that she accepted her fate and then started living with the appellant/convicted accused, his first wife Sanika and their children till 2011. PW4 Neeta Pawar further deposed that when she started residing with Sanika, Sanika had two children from the appellant/convicted accused, and subsequently on 6^th December 2012, after delivering the third child, Sanika died due

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to complication from that delivery. By that time, as deposed by PW4 Neeta Pawar, she became mother of two children from the appellant/convicted accused, and thereafter, the appellant/ convicted accused left them and never cared about them. It is, thus, seen from evidence of PW4 Neeta Pawar that after 2011, the appellant/convicted accused deserted PW4 Neeta Pawar and her children. She stated that on 2^nd May 2014 she got a phone call regarding yet another marriage of the appellant/convicted accused, and therefore, she went to the police station where she met the prosecutrix/PW1. From her cross-examination it is brought on record that when the appellant/convicted accused was residing with this witness i.e. PW4 Neeta Pawar, she had one child from the appellant/convicted accused whereas Sanika had two children from the appellant/convicted accused. It is also brought on record from cross-examination of PW4 Neeta Pawar that they all were residing in a rented house. Thus, even the material, brought from cross-examination of PW4 Neeta Pawar, goes to show that the appellant/convicted accused had married Sanika and had three children from her and during subsistence of that

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marriage, he had married PW4 Neeta Pawar, who is mother of his two children. In this fact situation, the appellant/convicted accused, by giving an understanding to the prosecutrix/PW1 that he was an unmarried person, honey trapped her in his love and then required her to elope with him and had established sexual relations with her from 30^th April 2014 to 8^th May 2014.

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17 Section 90 of the Code of Criminal Procedure reads

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thus :

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“90. Consent known to be given under fear or misconception - A consent is not such a consent as it intended by any section of this Code, if the consent is given by a person under fear of injury, or under a misconception of fact, and if the person doing the act knows, or has reason to believe, that the consent was given in consequence of such fear or misconception; or Consent of insane person — if the consent is given by a person who, from unsoundness of mind, or intoxication, is unable to understand the

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nature and consequence of that to which he gives his consent; or Consent of child — unless the contrary appears from the context, if the consent is given by a person who is under twelve years of age.”

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Sexual intercourse by a man with a woman without her consent amounts to the offence of rape. The consent is an act of reason accompanied with deliberation, the man weighing has in balance the good and evil at both sides. The consent means the active will in the mind of a person to permit doing of the act complained of and knowledge of what is to be done. Consent caused by coercive or misrepresentation is not a valid consent as per provisions of Indian Penal Code. The consent, as understood, is an agreement between two persons upon the same thing in the same manner. Consent, if acquired by misrepresentation and procured by misconception of fact cannot be construed as a valid consent.

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18 The appellant/convicted accused, as seen from evidence of the prosecutrix/PW1, expressed his love on her. He

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proposed to marry her. As seen from her evidence, initially she was not ready for the marriage with the appellant/convicted accused. Thereafter, as seen from evidence of the prosecutrix/PW1 coming on record from cross-examination, the appellant/ convicted accused prepared papers of marriage with the prosecutrix/PW1. Even a farce of marrying with her was conducted by the appellant/convicted accused as seen from evidence of PW3 Bhagvan Patil, who deposed that the appellant/convicted accused married the prosecutrix/PW1 before the Notary at Pen town and he had signed as a witness to that effect. Thus, though not legally competent to marry the prosecutrix/PW1, the appellant/convicted accused gave false promise of marriage to her and made a stage managed show of marrying her before the Notary and that is how he established sexual relations with the prosecutrix/PW1. Thus, by misconception of fact, the appellant/convicted accused procured consent of the prosecutrix/PW1 for establishing sexual relations with her. He deceived the prosecutrix/PW1 by convincing her to engage in sexual relations by representing her that he was an

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unmarried person. Thus, the prosecution has established that with this misconception of fact caused by the appellant/convicted accused, consent of the prosecutrix/PW1 was vitiated. She was under a misconception of fact that the appellant/convicted accused intended to marry her and therefore, she had submitted herself to sexual intercourse with him. Thus, the prosecution has successfully proved the offence punishable under Section 376 of the Indian Penal Code by demonstrating that consent of the prosecutrix/PW1 under Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code is vitiated on the ground of a misconception of fact. No infirmity, therefore, could be found in conviction of the appellant/convicted accused for the offence punishable under Section 376 of the Indian Penal Code as well as the resultant sentence imposed on him.

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19 The appellant/convicted accused is also convicted and punished for the offence punishable under Section 366 of the Indian Penal Code by holding that he had induced the victim to accompany him, to marry him and to have sexual intercourse with

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him, and therefore, ingredients of the offence punishable under Section 366 of the Indian Penal Code stand proved. For making out the offence punishable under Section 366 of the Indian Penal Code, the prosecution is required to establish that a woman is kidnapped or abducted for forcing or seducing her to illicit intercourse. In the case in hand, the prosecutrix/PW1 was more than 18 years of age when she eloped with the appellant/convicted accused on 30^th April 2014. Her date of birth is 14^th April 1996 as per evidence of the prosecution. The case, as such, is not of kidnapping but abduction of a woman. Evidence on record shows that the appellant/convicted accused abducted the prosecutrix/PW1 in order to seduce her to illicit intercourse. He was fully knowing that being a married person he was not in a position to marry the prosecutrix/PW1. However, still, representing her to be an unmarried person, the appellant/convicted accused seduced the prosecutrix/PW1 to illicit intercourse with him by requiring her to leave her house and to join his company. Therefore, no infirmity could be found in conviction and the resultant sentence imposed on the

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appellant/convicted accused for the offence punishable under Section 366 of the Indian Penal Code.

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20 In the result, the appeal is devoid of merits, and

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therefore the order :

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ORDER

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The appeal is dismissed.

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(A. M. BADAR, J.)

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Sagar @ Shiva Bharat Pawar v. the State of Maharashtra

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Sagar @ Shiva Bharat Pawar v. the State of Maharashtra

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

A compact analysis

Issues for consideration

Statutes considered

Parties & counsel

Coram

Case details

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