Arif vs State of U.P. and 3 Others

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD CRIMINAL MISC. WRIT PETITION No. - 22042 of 2025

Arif

.....Petitioner(s)

Versus

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State Of U.P. And 3 Others

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Counsel for Petitioner(s)	: Yogesh Mishra .....Respondent(s)
Counsel for Respondent(s)	: G.A.

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Court No. - 49

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HON'BLE AJAY BHANOT, J. HON'BLE TARUN SAXENA, J.

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The writ petition has been filed with the following reliefs:

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"(i) Issue a writ order or direction in the nature of writ of certiorari to quash the impugned FIR dated 10.09.2025 lodged by respondent no. 4 against the petitioner registered as Case Crime No. 474 of 2025, under Sections 319(2), 318(4), 338, 336(3), 352, 351(3) of B.N.S. Police Station Sahawar, District Kasganj (Annexure No. 1 to this writ petition).

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(ii) Issue a writ order or direction in the nature of writ of mandamus commanding/directing the respondents not to arrest/harass the petitioner in pursuance of the impugned FIR dated 10.09.2025 lodged by respondent no. 4 against the petitioner, registered as Case Crime No. 474 of 2025, under Sections 319(2), 318(4), 338, 336(3), 352, 351(3) of B.N.S. Police Station Sahawar, District Kasganj.

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Learned AGA submits that the briefly put the prosecution case set out in the FIR is that the first informant/respondent no. 4 is the bhumidhar/tenure holder of the disputed agricultural land. The petitioner had created a forged document to get the sale deed in respect of the disputed parcels of land executed in his favour. The respondent no. 4 did not execute the said sale deed in favour of the petitioner. The petitioner had acquired illegal gain from the fraudulent transaction.

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According to the learned AGA the F.I.R. as well as the materials in the record establish prima facie commission of the offence and warrant investigation into the same. The petitioner is named in the F.I.R. Any interim order at this stage may hamper the investigations and would be in the teeth of the law laid down by

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CRLP No. 22042 of 2025

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the Supreme Court in State of Haryana v. Bhajan Lal reported at 1992 Supp (1) SCC 335 and Neeharika Infrastructure Private Limited Vs. State of Maharashtra and others reported at (2021) 19 SCC 401 .

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In Bhajan Lal (Supra) the Supreme Court held as under:

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"102. In the backdrop of the interpretation of the various relevant provisions of the Code under Chapter XIV and of the principles of law enunciated by this Court in a series of decisions relating to the exercise of the extraordinary power under Article 226 or the inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code which we have extracted and reproduced above, we have given the following categories of cases by way of illustration wherein such power could be exercised either to prevent abuse of the process of any court or otherwise to secure the ends of justice, though it may not be possible to lay down any precise, clearly defined and sufficiently channelised and inflexible guidelines or rigid formulae and to give an exhaustive list of myriad kinds of cases wherein such power should be exercised.

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(1) Where the allegations made in the first information report or the complaint, even if they are taken at their face value and accepted in their entirety do not prima facie constitute any offence or make out a case against the accused.

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(2) Where the allegations in the first information report and other materials, if any, accompanying the FIR do not disclose a cognizable offence, justifying an investigation by police officers under Section 156(1) of the Code except under an order of a Magistrate within the purview of Section 155(2) of the Code.

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(3) Where the uncontroverted allegations made in the FIR or complaint and the evidence collected in support of the same do not disclose the commission of any offence and make out a case against the accused.

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(4) Where, the allegations in the FIR do not constitute a cognizable offence but constitute only a non-cognizable offence, no investigation is permitted by a police officer without an order of a Magistrate as contemplated under Section 155(2) of the Code.

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(5) Where the allegations made in the FIR or complaint are so absurd and inherently improbable on the basis of which no prudent person can ever reach a just conclusion that there is sufficient ground for proceeding against the accused.

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(6) Where there is an express legal bar engrafted in any of the provisions of the Code or the concerned Act (under which a criminal proceeding is instituted) to the institution and continuance of the proceedings and/or where there is a specific provision in the Code or the concerned Act, providing efficacious redress for the grievance of the aggrieved party.

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CRLP No. 22042 of 2025

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(7) Where a criminal proceeding is manifestly attended with mala fide and/or where the proceeding is maliciously instituted with an ulterior motive for wreaking vengeance on the accused and with a view to spite him due to private and personal grudge.

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We also give a note of caution to the effect that the power of quashing a criminal proceeding should be exercised very sparingly and with circumspection and that too in the rarest of rare cases; that the court will not be justified in embarking upon an enquiry as to the reliability or genuineness or otherwise of the allegations made in the FIR or the complaint and that the extraordinary or inherent powers do not confer an arbitrary jurisdiction on the court to act according to its whim or caprice."

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The Supreme Court in Neeharika (supra) states thus:

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"33.16. The aforesaid parameters would be applicable and/or the aforesaid aspects are required to be considered by the High Court while passing an interim order in a quashing petition in exercise of powers under Section 482CrPC and/or under Article 226 of the Constitution of India. However, an interim order of stay of investigation during the pendency of the quashing petition can be passed with circumspection. Such an interim order should not require to be passed routinely, casually and/or mechanically. Normally, when the investigation is in progress and the facts are hazy and the entire evidence/material is not before the High Court, the High Court should restrain itself from passing the interim order of not to arrest or "no coercive steps to be adopted" and the accused should be relegated to apply for anticipatory bail under Section 438CrPC before the competent court. The High Court shall not and as such is not justified in passing the order of not to arrest and/or "no coercive steps" either during the investigation or till the investigation is completed and/or till the final report/charge-sheet is filed under Section 173CrPC, while dismissing/disposing of the quashing petition under Section 482CrPC and/or under Article 226 of the Constitution of India."

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Faced with this, Sri Yogesh Mishra, learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the petitioner does not wish to press the relief for quashing of the F.I.R. in the writ petition. The relief sought for quashing of the F.I.R. is accordingly declined.

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Sri Yogesh Mishra, learned counsel for the petitioner recasts his relief and submits that the petitioner may be granted liberty to approach the competent court for anticipatory bail and for seeking other appropriate remedies available with them under the law.

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It is always open to the petitioner to avail other legal remedies.

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CRLP No. 22042 of 2025

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The writ petition is disposed of.

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(Tarun Saxena,J.) (Ajay Bhanot,J.)

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October 30, 2025 Pravin