their constitution, entrusted with functions directly connected with the administration of justice. Courts of justice have, in accordance with their Constitution, to perform multifarious functions for due administration of justice. Laying down the law or doing justice between the parties is of the soul of the duties of the court though administration of justice is a term of wider import than mere adjudication of causes from the seat of justice. The Presiding Judge of a Court embodies in himself the Court, and when engaged in the task of administering justice, is assisted by a complement of clerks and ministerial officers whose duty it is, to protect and maintain the records, prepare the writs, serve the processes. Originally the term ‘Court’ meant, among other meanings, the Sovereign’s place; it has acquired the meaning of the place where justice is administered and further, has come to mean the persons who exercise judicial functions under authority derived either immediately or mediately from the Sovereign. A ‘Court’ is an agency created by the Sovereign for the purpose of administering justice. It is a place where justice is judicially administered. It is a legal entity. It is a Tribunal presided over by one or more Judges, on whom conferred certain judicial powers for administering justice in accordance with law. When a Judge takes his seat in court, the court is said to have assembled for administering justice. The authority to create courts is an attribute of Sovereignty. When complete in its organized aspect with all the constituent elements of time, place and officers, a ‘Court’ is constituted in the general legal acceptation of the term. In a democracy governed by rule of law, under a written constitution, judiciary is the sentinel on the qui vive to protect the fundamental rights and poised to keep even scales of justice between the citizens and the States or the States inter se. Rule of law and judicial review
