Partly allowed¶115

Naimuddin v. State of West Bengal

Supreme Court6 Nov 20092009 INSC 1217 · [2009] 15 S.C.R. 6092009 INSC 1217

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

Naimuddin v. State of West Bengal, Criminal Appeal No. 816 of 2002, decided November 6, 2009 (Dalveer Bhandari, J., for the bench of Bhandari and Mukundakam Sharma, JJ.): brick-throwing death of 78-year-old victim in land/fencing dispute at Gajole; conviction under s.302/34 IPC altered to s.304 Part-II with five years' imprisonment; distinction between intention and knowledge to commit murder where unarmed accused throws palm-size bricks striking vital parts causing instantaneous death; appeal partly allowed.

What did the court decide?

Appeal partly allowed and disposed of: conviction under sections 302/34 IPC set aside; appellant convicted under section 304 Part-II (companion section printed inconsistently as 34/149) and sentenced to five years' imprisonment in place of life imprisonment. ¶115

Naimuddin versus State of West Bengal — Murder and Culpable Homicide | Supreme Court (2009)

What the court decided

AI extract

Outcome

¶115

Issue for consideration

Whether the injuries sustained by the deceased could be caused by bricks. +1 more

¶20

Court's answer

On the doctor's opinion, except injury no. 3, the other injuries sustained by the deceased could be caused by bricks, answering the short question framed for consideration.

¶102

Ratio / Principle

On analysis of the entire evidence on record, the conviction of the appellant cannot be sustained under sections 302/34 IPC.

¶23

Key takeaways

When bricks were thrown on the vital parts of the body of the deceased, an old man of 78 years, knowledge to commit murder can definitely be attributed to the appellant; the deceased died instantaneously after receiving the brick injuries.ratio¶114
The ends of justice would be met if the conviction of the appellant under sections 302/34 IPC is set aside and the appellant is convicted under section 304 Part-II (printed in the body as 'sections 304 Part-111134 IPC', in the headnote variously as 'section 304 (Part-II)/ 34 IPC' and 'sections 304 (Part-II)/ 149 IPC') and sentenced to five years imprisonment.ratio¶114

Detailed headnote1 paragraphs

Penal Code, 1860 - ss. 302/34 and 304 Part-II - Death of 78-year-old victim by brick assault during dispute over demolition of fencing on bastu land; instantaneous death - Appellant unarmed, threw only palm-size bricks - Intention to commit murder not attributable, but knowledge attributable as bricks struck vital parts of the body - Sessions conviction under s.302/34 IPC with life imprisonment (upheld by the High Court of Calcutta) set aside; conviction altered to s.304 Part-II with five years' imprisonment. Appeal of co-appellant Muslim Mian abated on his death during pendency. Appeal partly allowed and disposed of.

¶1

¶2

>.1

¶3

[2009) 15 (ADDL.) S.C.R. 609

¶4

NAIMUDDIN

¶5

¶6

STATE OF WEST BENGAL (Criminal Appeal No. 816 of 2002)

¶7

NOVEMBER, 6, 2009

¶8

¶9

[DALVEER BHANDARI AND DR. MUKUNDAKAM SHARMA, JJ.]

,,.

..,

Penal Code, 1860 - s.302134 ands. 304 (Part 11)134 - Death of victim on brick assault by accused - Conviction u/ c s. 302134 and sentence of life imprisonment by courts below - Justification of - Held: Bricks were thrown on vital parts of the body of victim aged 78 years - Knowledge to commit murder attributed to accused - Victim died instantaneously after receiving brick injuries - On facts, conviction altered to D s. 304 (Part-11)1149 with five years imprisonment .

¶16

¶17

According to the prosecution case, accused persons assaulted the victim by bricks which resulted in the instantaneous death of the victim. Sessions Judge convicted the appellants uls. 302134 IPC and imposed life imprisonment. The other accused was acquitted of all the charges. High Court upheld the order of conviction and sentence. Hence the appeal by the two accused. However, appellant 'M' died during pendency of appeal.

¶18

¶19

¶20

The question which arose for consideration in this appeal is whether the injuries sustained by the deceased could be caused by bricks.

¶21

... "'

¶22

Partly allowing the appeal, the Court

¶23

HELD: On analysis of the entire evidence on record, it is abundantly clear that the conviction of the appellant cannot be sustained under sections 302/34 IPC. However,

609

610 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2009] 15 (ADDL.) S.C.R.

¶28

A it cannot be accepted that the appellant also cannot be · convicted under section 304 (Part-II)/ 34 IPC. When the bricks were thrown on the vital parts of the body of the deceased who was an old man of 78 years, knowledge to commit murder can definitely be attributed to the s appellant. The deceased died instantaneously. after r~.CJ!Ning the bric:l< inj.uFres;-Onconsideration of the ·totality o_f_!~e .. facts-and circumstances of the case, the ------ ----- erfds--of justice would be_ met if the conviction of the appellant under sections 302/34 IPC is set aside and the c appellant is convicted under sections 304 (Part-II)/ 149 IPC and sentenced to five years imprisonment. [Paras 19 and 20) [614-H; 615-A-C]

¶29

CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal No. 816 of 2002 .

¶30

. o

¶31

¶32

From the Judgment & Order dated 15.3.2002 of the High Court of Calcutta in C.R.A. No. 183 of 1985.

¶33

. S.B. Sanyal, Rauf Rahim, Faisal Farook, Yadunandan Bansal, Rajiv Mehta for the Appellant.

¶34

'r' r

¶35

Tara Chandra Sharma, Neelam Sharma for the Respondent.

¶36

The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

¶37

¶38

DALVEER BHANDARI, J. 1. This appeal is directed against the judgment of the Calcutta High Court dated 15.3.2002, by which the conviction of the appellants Naimuddin and Muslim Mian was confirmed by the High Court under section 302 read with section 34 of the Indian Penal Code (for G short 'IPC").

¶39

Eight accused were tried by the Sessions Court under sections 148, 323/149 and 302/149 IPC. The learned Sessions Judge acquitted all the other accused except the appellants

"! ..

i.-

611

NAIMUDDIN v. STATE OF WEST BENGAL [DALVEER BHANDARI, J.]

Jr'

• v

Naimuddin and Muslim Mian. Both of them were convicted under section 302 read with section 34 IPC and sentenced to life imprisonment and to pay fine of Rs.5,000/- each and in default to further suffer rigorous imprisonment for two years.

¶51

¶52

It may be pertinent to mention here that Muslim Mian died during the pendency of the appeal and the appeal against him stands abated. In this appeal, we are, therefore, concerned with the appellant Naimuddin only.

¶53

¶54

Brief facts which are necessary to dispose of the appeal are recapitulated as under:

¶55

¶56

•

¶57

The informant P.W.1, Abdul Razzak came to Gajole Police Station on 27.2.1983 and lodged a First Information Report (for short, the F.1.R.) alleging that he along with his cousin Toffazal Hossain had bastu under Dag No. 510 measuring 14 decimals. His cousin, Toffazal, without the prior consent of the informant entered into an agreement with one Muslim Mian and Ali Asgar for sale of 7 decimals of land out of the aforesaid property and when the informant came to know all about it, he asked his cousin to sell the said portion of land to him. At first, his cousin agreed to sell the portion of land to him but later on, at the instance of Muslim Mian, he refused to sell that portion of land to him. Thereafter, the informant Abdul Razzak raised fencing on the portion of land which was in his possession, His cousin raised his claim over such portion of land and for this the informant protested to such claim.

On 27.2.1983, at about 11.00 a.m., the accused along with others started demolishing the fencing of the land in possession of the informant, to which the informant along with some others protested. It was protested by the victim Munshi G Basiruddin and his two sons. The victim, Munshi Basiruddin died on the spot being hit by the bricks thrown by the accusedappellants Naimuddin and Muslim Mian. It was aliso incorporated in the FIR that two sons of the victim also sustained injuries by the bricks thrown by the other accused H

¶62

¶63

612 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2009] 15 (ADDL.) S.C.R.

...

' i-

' ...,, ~

A persons. The accused fled away from the spot and the informant P.W.1 Abdul Razzak went to the police station and lodged the FIR.

¶69

On t_he basis of the FIR, Sub Inspector Animesh B^{Mazumdar P.W.13 started investigating the case and endorsed} the same to K. S~ Das, P.W.14, who at the relevant time was attached to Gajole Police Station for the purpose of investigation. P.W.14 examined the witnesses and recorded their statements. He tried to apprehend the accused persons, c^{named in the FIR. P.W.14 obtained the post-mortem report and} on completion of the investigation submitted a charge-sheet.

¶70

The learned Sessions Judge charged eight accused persons under sections 148, 323 read with 149 and 302 read with 149 IPC. The learned Sessions Judge acquitted all other D accused of all charges, but convicted the appellants Naimuddin and Muslim Mian under section 302 read with 34 IPC on a specific finding that both these accused participated in the commission of the offence, namely, in launching assault on the victim by bricks which caused the instantaneous death of the E victim on the spot. The High Court upheld the conviction and sentence of the appellants.

~ ~·-

')( ...

)--"

The respondent-State in order to establish the prosecution case examined 14 witnesses. As far as the appellant is concerned, the allegation against him is of killing F the deceased by throwing bricks on him. Dr. J. Mandal, P.W.11, who conducted the post-mortem on the dead body of Munshi Basiruddin aged about 78 years and found the following injuries:

¶75

G "1. One large haematoma on right side neck with 1" lacerated injury on the top of haematoma.

¶76

1. W' lacerated injury behind the left ear. 3. Fracture with dislocation of vertebral column on

¶77

¶78

NAIMUDDIN v. STATE OF WEST BENGAL [DALVEER BHANDARI, J.)

613

· Ji-

neck.

Fractured skull from frontal to occipital region."

¶84

The doctor opined that the injuries may be caused by a hard and blunt substance like brick and that the injuries were sufficient to cause death in the ordinary course of nature and in normal circumstances. The doctor opined that injury no. 1 cannot lead to immediate death and this injury may be caused by a fall on some hard substance. He further opined that injury no. 2 may have been inflicted from behind or by side way fall and that this injury may not cause death immediately. Injury no. 3 may be caused by forceful torsion twisting of the neck by a powerful man or by a blow with a hard and blunt substance. Injury no. 4 on the skull could be effected by hard and blunt substance and this injury would be caused by forceful hit.

In the instant case, the incident had taken place at 11.00 a.m. on 27.2.1983. The FIR was lodged on the same day at about 15.05 hrs. P.Ws. 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 & 10 are alleged to be the eye witnesses. According to the appellant, P.W.6 was the only independent witness. Out of the eight accused tried by the Sessions Court, six accused were acquitted of all charges. The learned Sessions Judge, however, convicted the appellants Naimuddin and Muslim Mian under sections 302 read with 34 IPC. There was no appeal filed by the State in the High Court against the acquittal of the remaining six accused originally charged.

¶89

¶90

¶91

The Trial Court, while convicting the appellant and Muslim Mian and acquitting the other six accused, observed that there is no evidence that these accused went to the place of occurrence. It is clear from the evidence of P.W.1 that the G accused party was unarmed. The appellant had no weapon with him.

¶92

Mr. S.B. Sanyal, learned senior counsel appearing for the appellant submitted that according to the testimony of H

¶93

614 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2009] 15 (AODL.) S.C.R.

\ I ~ ~~ ..

'fl ...

A Tafijuddin, P.W.6, the accused party was at a distance of 5-7 cubits which is equivalent to about 8-11 feet. When the accused were unarmed and had only thrown palm size bricks, then neither the intention nor the knowledge to commit murder can be attributed to him.

¶99

¶100

It may be pertinent to mention that different witnesses have mentioned different distances from which the bricks were thrown. According to Tafazzal Hoque, P.W.8, who is the son of the deceased, the appellant was standing at a distance of 1015 cubits which is equivalent to approximately 22 feet from the c place of the incident. According to the appellant, when bricks are thrown from such a distance, neither the intention nor the knowledge to commit murder can be attributed to the appellant.

¶101

The witnesses have not only named the appellant, but D also enumerated the specific role of hitting the deceased by bricks.

¶102

The short question which falls for consideration of this Court is whether the injuries sustained by the deceased could E^{be caused by the bricks. According to the opinion of the doctor,} except injury no. 3, the other injeries could be caused by bricks.

¶103

Mr. Sanyal learned counsel for the appellant submitted that the appellant was unarmed is not disputed. According to him, merely throwing palm size bricks on the deceased should F not lead to the definite conclusion that the appellant had intention to kill the deceased, therefore, according to him, appellant's conviction under section 302/34 IPC is not sustainable.

¶104

Mr. Sanyal further submitted that the conviction of the G^{appellant also cannot be recordedeven under section 304 Part-} II IPC because even the knowledge to commit murder cannot be attributed to him in the facts and circumstances of this case.

-t-

7' ~l

We have heard the learned counsel for the parties at length. On analysis of the entire evidence on record, it is H

¶110

...

¶111

NAIMUDDIN v. STATE OF WEST BENGAL 615 [DALVEER BHANDARI, J.]

¶112

; J

¶113

, -Y

¶114

abundantly clear that the conviction of the appellant cannot be A sustained under sections 302/34 IPC. However, we do not agree with the second submission of Mr. Sanyal that the appellant also cannot be convicted under section 304 Part 11/ 34 IPC. In our considered view, when the bricks were thrown on the vital parts of the body of the deceased who was an old 8 man of 78 years, in that event, knowledge to commit murder can definitely be attributed to the appellant. In this case, the deceased died instantaneously after receiving the brick injuries. On consideration of the totality of the facts and circumstances of the case, the ends of justice would be met if the conviction 0 of the appellant under sections 302/34 IPC is set aside and the appellant is convicted under sections 304 Part-111134 IPC and sentenced to five years imprisonment.

¶115

Consequently, the appeal is partly allowed and disposed of.

¶116

¶117

N.J.

¶118

Appeal partly allowed.

¶119

Naimuddin v. State of West Bengal

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Naimuddin v. State of West Bengal

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Why is it important?

What the court decided

Issues for consideration

Statutes considered

Procedural history

Parties & counsel

Coram

Case details

Similar cases

Revajeetu Builders & Developers versus Narayanaswamy & Sons & Others

Arulvelu and Another versus State Represented by the Public Prosecutor and Another

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. versus Sunil Bansal & Ors.

Jayabalan versus U.T. of Pondicherry

Gimikpiotr versus State of Tamil Nadu and Anr.

Sunil versus State of Haryana