Allowed¶57

Renu Kunta Mallaiah v. State of A.P.

Supreme Court16 Oct 20082008 INSC 1160 · [2008] 14 S.C.R. 5122008 INSC 1160

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

Renu Kunta Mallaiah v. State of A.P., Criminal Appeal No. 1026 of 2001, Supreme Court of India, decided 16 October 2008 ([2008] 14 S.C.R. 512), Dr. Arijit Pasayat and Dr. Mukundakam Sharma, JJ. Conviction under s. 304-A IPC of an A.P.S.R.T.C. driver for a fatal 9.11.1994 accident at Jagtial set aside for want of reliable evidence: improbability of the FIR recording the accused's name and bus number when the occurrence occurred in darkness and the vehicle sped away (investigating officer learnt details only after about four days); contradictions between PWs 4, 5 and 11 on the side of the road; informant PW 11 unhurt despite claiming presence beside the victim; benefit of doubt to the accused.

What did the court decide?

Appeal allowed; conviction as recorded by the courts below set aside. ¶57

Renu Kunta Mallaiah versus State of A.P. — Murder and Culpable Homicide | Supreme Court (2008)

What the court decided

AI extract

Outcome

Appeal allowed; conviction as recorded by the courts below set aside.

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Issue for consideration

Whether the evidence on record established that the appellant was driving the offending A.P.S.R.T.C. bus involved in the occurrence and that he was driving it in a rash and negligent manner so as to sustain his conviction under s. 304-A IPC.

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Court's answer

Since it was dark at the time of the occurrence, the offending vehicle sped away from the place, PWs 4 and 5 did not claim to have noted or communicated the bus number, and the investigating officer learnt the details of the bus only about four days after the occurrence, it was improbable that PWs 4 and 5 could have noted the long bus number; the indication of the accused's name and bus number in the FIR was therefore unreliable.

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Ratio / Principle

The eyewitness evidence was contradictory and unsatisfactory: PWs 4 and 5 stated the bus was being driven on the left side whereas PW 11 stated it was on the right side, and the bus hit the victim on the right side; PW 11 claimed to be with the victim boy at the spot yet strangely suffered no injury, in contrast to the statement of PWs 4 and 5 that there was nobody near the child.

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Key takeaways

In view of the unsatisfactory nature of the evidence, the prosecution cannot be said to have established the accusations against the accused, and the conviction as recorded by the courts below is set aside.ratio¶26

Detailed headnote1 paragraphs

Penal Code, 1860 — s. 304-A — rash and negligent driving of A.P.S.R.T.C. bus causing death of a boy — conviction by trial court upheld in appeal and in revision by the High Court — HELD: Occurrence took place in darkness, yet the FIR named the accused and the bus number although the offending vehicle sped away and the investigating officer learnt its details only after about four days; it was improbable that PWs 4 and 5 could have noted the long bus number. Eyewitnesses contradicted each other on the side of the road on which the bus was driven (left per PWs 4 and 5; right per PW 11, with the bus hitting the victim on the right side); PW 11, who claimed to be with the victim at the spot, was unhurt, whereas PWs 4 and 5 stated nobody was near the child. In view of the unsatisfactory nature of the evidence, the prosecution failed to establish the accusations — conviction set aside; appeal allowed. (Paras 3–4)

[2008] 14 S.C.R. 512

RENU KUNTA MALLAIAH

' ..__ I_

STATE OF A.P. (Criminal Appeal No. 1026 of 2001)

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OCTOBER 16, 2008

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[DR. AR1JIT PASAYAT AND DR. MUKUNDAKAM SHARMA, JJ]

Penal Code, 1860:

s. 304-A - Accident caused by a bus - Resulting in death of a boy - Conviction of the driver by trial court - Upheld by appellate court, and High Court in revision - HELD: In view of unsatisfactory nature of evidence, prosecution failed to estabfish the accusations - Conviction set aside - Evidence.

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The appellant-accused was prosecuted for commission of an offence u/s 304-A IPC on the allegations that .r· he, while driving an A.P.S.R.T.C. bus in a rash and negligent manner, at about 1800 hrs on 9.11.1994 dashed the E^{bus against a boy as a result of which the victim received} bleeding injuries and died in the hospital. The trial court convicted the accused. The appellate court, and the High Court in the revision petition, upheld the conviction.

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In the instant appeal the accused reiterated his stand F^{taken before the trial court, the appellatecourt and the} I High Court that the evidence on record did not establish^k. that he was driving the offending vehicle or that he was driving the vehicle in a rash and negligent manner.

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Allowing the appeal, the Court

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HELD: 1.1 PWs 4 and 11 stated that at the time of occurrence it was dark. Interestingly in the First lnforma- >- tion Report the name of the accused-appellant and bus number was indicated. PW 11, the informant, stated that

512

513

RENU KUNTA MALLAIAH v. STATE OF A.P.

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-----! PWs 4 and 5 told him the number of the bus. He admitted A that he was illiterate and did not know the number of the bus. But, PWs 4 and 5 did not state that they had either noted or told PW-11 the number of the bus. It was the accepted case of PWs 4, 5 and 11 that the offending vehicle after the occurrence sped away from the place. In that B event, it is improbable that PWs 4 and 5 could have noted the long number of the bus. The investigating officer has ----t stated that he could know the details of the bus after about four days of the occurrence. [para 3] [515-E-F]

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1.2 Both PWs 4 and 5 stated that the bus was being^c driven on the left side. But PW 11 stated that the bus was being driven on the right side. The evidence on record shows that the bus hit the victim on the right side and the boy was on the.middle of the road. Evidence of PW 11 is also to the extent that he was with the victim boy at the D spot. Strangely, he has not suffered any injury. In con--1 trast, PWs. 4 and 5 have stated that there was nobody near the child. [para 3] [515-G-H; 516-A]

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1.3 In view of the unsatisfactory nature of evidence, the prosecution cannot be said to have established the accusations. The conviction as recorded by the Courts below is set aside. [para 3] [516-B]

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CRIMINALAPPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal No. 1026 of 2001

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From the final Judgment and Order dated 17.1.2000 of the High Court of Judicature of Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad in Criminal Revision Petition No. 780 of 1999

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C. Mukund, Jinendra Jain, Shashank Sharma, Anueesh Garg, Vandana Anand and Bijoy Kumar Jain for the Appellant.

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"*·

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Prabhakar Rao Voruganti, D. Bharathi Reddy and Fatima for the Respondent.

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The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

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SUPREME COURT REPORTS

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[2008] 14 S.C.R.

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514

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A DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. 1. Challenge in this appeal is to the judgment of a learned Single Judge of the Andhra Pradesh High Court dismissing the Criminal Revision Petition filed by the appellant. The accused faced trial for alleged commission of offences punishable under Section 304-A of the Indian Penal B Code, 1860 (in short the 'IPC'). The learned Judicial Magistrate First Class, Jagtial, found the accused guilty and convicted him to sentence to undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year and a sum of Rs.4,000/- was imposed as fine with default stipulation. In appeal the first appellate Court reduced the sentence c to six months but maintained the fine and the default stipulation. The revision petition as noted above was dismissed.

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Prosecution version in a nutshell is as follows:

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On 9.11.1994 at about 1800 hours, at Mallia! when Thota Satish was playing by the side of the Road and when Gandia 0 Buchaiah (PW-11) was also present there at that time, the accused herein drove the A.P.S.R.T.C. bus bearing No. AP9Z6991 with high speed in a rash and negligent manner and dashed against Theta Satish, due to which, the said Satish received bleeding injuries and while undergoing treatment, the E said Satish died in Civil Hospital, Jagtial. On the complaint given by Gandia Buchaiah, a case in Cr. No. 82 of 1994 under Section 304-A l.P.C., was registered against the accused and cop. ies of F.l.R. were sent to all concerned. Subsequently, the police investigated the case and charge-sheet was laid against F the accused U/s 304-A l.P.C., and after appearance of the accused before the Lower Court, he was supplied with the documents and was also examined, for which he pleaded not guilty of the charge u/s 304-A l.P.C. To substantiate the above charge, the prosecution examined PWs. 1 to 11 and Exs. P1 to P11 G were marked. After closure of the prosecution evidence, the accused was examined u/s 313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (In short 'Cr.P.C.') regarding the incriminating circumstances that are appearing against the accused and he sim-:ply stated either "false" or "does not know" for all the que;stions H put to him. He did not state anything about manner of accident

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. r

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RENU KUNTA MALLAIAH v. STATE OF A.P. 515 [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

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~ at least for the last question: Do you wish to say anything about A this case." he simply stated that there is nothing to say and he did not explain being the driver of the A.P.S.R.T.C. bus as to how exactly, the accident took place. Exs. 01 and 02 are the contradictory portions in Section 161 Cr.P.C. statement of PW. 5 and Ex. 03 is the contradictory portion in Section 161 Cr.P.C. B statement of PW11. Except this, neither any defence witness ---1 has been examined on behalf of the accused, nor the accused himself came into the box to explain as to how the accident took place.

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Stand of the appellant before the trial court, First Appel-^c late Court and the High Court was that the evidence on record does not establish that he was driving the vehicle stated to be involved in the occurrence or that he was driving the vehicle in a rash or negligent manner. Same was reiterated in this appeal.

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Learned courisel for the respondent-State on the other^D hand supported the judgment of the trial court and the High Court. PWs 4, 5 & 11 were stated to be eye witnesses. PWs 4 & 11 stated that at the time of occurrence it was dark. Interestingly in the First Information Report the name of the accused appellant E and bus No. was indicated. PW 11, the informant stated that PWs 4&5 told him the number of bus. He admitted that he is illiterate and does not know the number of the bus. Interestingly, PWs 4&5 did not state that they had either noted the number of bus or had told the PW 11 about the number of bus. It was the F ~~1 accepted case of PWs 4, 5 & 11 that the offending vehicle after the occurrence sped away from the place. If that was so, it is improbable that PWs 4&5 could have noted the long number of the bus. The investigating officer has stated that he could know the details of the bus after about four days of the occurrence. Both PWs 4 & 5 stated that the bus was being driven on the left G side. But PW 11 stated that the bus was being driven on the .J, right side. The evidence on record shows that the bus hit the victim on the right side and the boy was on the middle of the road. PWs 4&5 have stated that they did not say anything about the accide1nt to PW 11. Contrary to this PW 11 stated that the H

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516 SUPREME COURT REPORTS

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[2008] 14 S.C.R.

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r (

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A bus No. was given to him by PWs 4&5. Evidence of PW 11 is also to the extent that he was with the victim boy at the spot of occurrence. Strangely he has not suffered any injury. In contrast PWs. 4&5 have stated that there was no body near the child. In view of the aforesaid unsatisfactory nature of evidence, the prosB ecution cannot be said to have established the accusations. The conviction as recorded by Courts below is set aside. 4. Appeal is allowed. R.P. Appeal allowed.

Renu Kunta Mallaiah v. State of A.P.

Case brief

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What did the court decide?

Renu Kunta Mallaiah v. State of A.P.

Case brief

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What the court decided

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