Ratan Kumar Vishwas versus State of U.P. & Anr.

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(2008] 15 S.C.R. 907

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RATAN KUMAR VISHWAS A v.

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STATE OF U.P. & ANR.

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(Criminal Appeal No. 1754 of 2008)

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NOVEMBER 7, 2008 B

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[DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, C.K. THAKKER AND D.K. JAIN, JJ.]

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Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 - s.37 - Bail - Grant of - Accused found guilty of oft'ence C under the Act - Application for suspension of sentence and grant of bail - Rejected by High Court -:- On appeal, Held: High Court dealt with the factual position and concluded that parameters of s.37 were not fulfilled to warrant grant of bail - No reason to interfere in the matter. D

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D

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The appellant-accused was found guilty of commission of offence under ss.27 A and 29 of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 and sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 14 years. Appellant filed appeal before the High Court. He E also filed an application for suspension of sentence and grant of bail, which was rejected. Hence the instant appeal."

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1 Dismissing the appeal, the Court

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HELD: 1. Td deal with the menace of dangerous drugs flooding the market, Parliament has provided that a person accused of offence under the Narcotic Drugs Act and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 should not G. be released on bail during trial unless the mandatory conditions provided under s.37 that there are reasonable grounds for holding that the accused is not guilty of such offence and that -he is not likely to commit any offence

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[2008] 15 S.C.R.

908 SUPREME COURT REPORTS

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A while on bail are satisfied. So far as the first condition is concerned, apparently the accused was found guilty and was convicted. The High Court dealt with the factual position in· great detail to conclude that the parameters of s.37 were not fulfilled to warrant grant of bail by B^{suspensionof sentence. There is no reasonto interfere} in the matter. [Paras 16 and 17] (914-C-D; 915-B-C]

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Dadu v. State of Maharashtra (2000) 8 SCC 437, referred . to.

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Case Law Reference: ·

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(2000) a sec 437 referred to Para 14

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CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal No. 1754 of 2ooa:

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D

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From the final Judgment and Order dated 15.5.2007 of the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Appeal No. 6636 of 2006.

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.____

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S.D. Singh, Vijay Kumar, Rahul Kr. Singh and Aparna Jha E for the Appellant.

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. B.B. S.ingh, Kumar Rajesh Singh, Binu Tamta, Madhurima Tatia, S.N. Terdal; B.V. Balaram Das, S.N. Pandey and C.P. Pandey for the Respondents.

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F

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The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

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DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. 1. Leave granted.

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Challenge in this appeal is to the Judgment of a learned G^{SingleJudgeof the Allahabad High Court dismissing the} app:ication filed by the appellant for suspension of sentence and grant of bail. Appellant-Ratan Kumar Vishwas has filed an Appeal No. 6636 of 2006 questioning his conviction the offence punishable· under Sections 27 A and 29 of the Narcotic Drugs H and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (in short 'the Act'). He

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RATAN KUMAR VISHWAS v. STATE OF U.P. & ANR. 909 [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

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A

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was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 14 years and to pay a fine cf rupees two lacs with default stipulation. Learned Additional Sessions Judge, Fast Track Court No. 1, Kanpur Nagar has found the appellar.t guilty and convicted and sentenced him as aforesaid.

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B

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Brief facts of the case as projected by prosecution are that a secret and reliable information on 5.3.2004 was received by the complainant an officer of the N.C.B., Varanasi that huge quantity of Charas was being brought from Nepal to Kanpur in Truck No. UHN 9137 and same was standing at Kanodia Auto c Centre, Lucknow Kanpur bypass road and it belonged to Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai son of Srikant Bajpai, resident of 127/ 333, Nirala Nagar, Kanpur Nagar. This information was reduced to writing and thereafter Intelligence Officers, U.K. Singh and K.K. Mishra along with S. Rallabhandi, S.K. Singh and R.K. D Gupta, also Intelligence Officers, Ramnath, sepoy with driver Vijendra Kumar, proceeded from camp office, Gujani in departmental vehicle number U.P. 65-S-6951 and U.P 65-V7826 and reached near the Kanodia Auto Centre at about 9 p.m. Two persons standing nearby were called and they disclosed their names as Rajendra Prasad and Ramjee Singh. E After explaining the purpose for which they were requested to be present i.e. during search, they agreed. At 9.05 p.m. a team reached near the above truck and three persons were found sitting inside the truck and on enquiry they disclosed their names as Bhola Prasad, Shambhu Prasad and Lalji Yadav. On F asking Bhola Prasad disclosed that he was driver of the Truck and La_lji was cleaner and Shambhu Prasad was owner of the Truck and told that on reaching the petrol pump at Kanpur, he had to contract Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai.on phone number 05122616517. These officers gave their identity to these three G persons and asked them in writing if they desired their vehicle to be searched in presence of a Gazetted Officer or a Magistrate which was their legal right. But they declined in writing and offered that the search be made by them. At this the ~fficers of the N.C.B. searched the vehicle in accordance H

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910 SUPREME COURT REPORTS

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[2008] 15 S.C.R.

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A with law and in the presence of two witnesses and· they found black-colour plates wrapped in poly1hene 'kept in plastic bags · in specially made secret cavity behind the cabin of the Truck. On testing with the test kit ppssessed by the N.C.B. Officers, the recovered black colour plates were found to be Charas. The B re.covered Charas was seized along with vehicle. However, due to darkness and unavailability of weighing facility and for security reasons, the vehicle and the arrested persons were taken to. the Customs and Central Excise Office, Kanpur Nagar where they reached at about 10.45 p.m. They recovered 14 c plastic bags wnich were weighed and the gross weight was 252.500 Kgs. and the·net weight was 250.400 Kgs. Two samples of 25 grams each were drawn from all the 14 bags and were marked and kept in separate sealed envelopes. All the packets of samples were signed by the accused persons 0^{and the witnesses and the officers of the N.C.B. The accused} Bhola Prasad, Shambhu Prasad admitted that they had to take that Charas to Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai. They also told that a~cused Govind Singh of Nepal State with the help of accused Kamal and Virendra Kumar had visited Veerganj in Nepal few E · . days earlier to meet Govind and to finalise the deal for Charas.

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4: At that time, the recovery memo was also prepared which was duly signed by the accused, witnesses· and the officers of the N.C.B. Thereafter the officers of the N.C.B., independent witnesses Sri S.R. Agarwal, superintendent, F Kailash Chandra, Inspector of Customs and Central Excise and police force of Kidwai Nagar. reached the house of Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai in Nirala Nagar at about 12.30 a.m. on 6.3.2004. A person opened the door and disclosed this name as Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai. The officers gave their introduction and also G apprised him the purpose of visit and asked him in writing if he desired his house to be searched in presence of Gazetted Officer or a Magistrate which was his right. But he declined in writing ~nd offered search to be made by them. House was searched in accordance with law and in presence of the H independent witnesses. Puring search of the house Jitendra

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911

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RATAN KUMAR VISHWAS v. STATE OF U.P. & ANP. [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

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Singh, Virendra Kumar and Govind Singh were found to be __ A ____ _ present there. These three persons were separately given in writing if they wanted to be searched before a Gazetted Officer or a Magistrate as it was their right but they declined. On search of Virendra Kumar some papers were recovered.

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Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai told that this Charas was arranged by him to be sold through appellant-Ratan Kumar Vishwas of Bharthana, District Etawah. He had given Rs.20,000/- to Jitendra Kumar and Virendra Kµmar to be given ____________ to Kamal of Veerganj, Nepal, through Govind. Recovery memo was prepared at the house of Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai and was signed by the witnesses and t~~ <>.fficers -~s well as the accused persons.

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B

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C

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The statements of the accused persons under Section 67 of the Act were recorded and they made their voluntary D statement giving d~tails about their involvement in the trade of ' Charas. The seized Charas was sent to C.R.C., New Delhi for chemical analysis through letter dated 6.3.2004 along with test memo affixing specimen of the seal. The Chemical Examiner gave his report dated 25.5.2004 and confirmed that the content E of the samples was Charas. A detailed report about search and seizure. was submitted to the superior officer on 6.3.2004. The Charas and the truck were deposited in the office of the Customs and Central Excise, Sarvodaya Nagar, Kanpur.

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D

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E

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On 19.3.2004 the follow up action was conducted at the F residential premises of Ratan Kumar Vishwas at 42, Sarojni Road, Bharthana, District Etawah. But he was found absconding and statement of his son was recorded under Section 67 of the Act and he disclosed the phone number as 05680-225182 which was installed in his house in the name G of his father. The summons for appearance of Ratan Kumar Vishwas was also served on him. The copies of the guest register of the City Hotel and Babarchi Hotel, Veerganj, Nepal were obtained which were attested by the First Secretary, High Commission, Nepal and it showed that Govind had stayed· ti

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SUPREME COURT REPORTS

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[2008] 15 S.C.R.

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A there on 21.2.2004. Call details of the phone of Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai install.ed at his house were obtained from Mahanagar ·Telephone Exchange. Details of the visitors registers from Manager, Mahalaxmi Lodge were also obtained and they confirmed that Govind and Shambhu Prasad had stayed in the B^{Lodge from 29.2.2004 to 5.3.2004. Voluntary statementof} Ratan Kumar Vishwas was recorded under Section 67 ·of the Act on 19.4.2004 and he admitted his involvement in illicit trade of Charas and that he was also aware of the consignment and that he was also. aware of the consignment of the Charas c^{transported by vehicleno.UHN 9137, which was seized by} N.B.G., Varanasi on 5.3.2004 at Kanodia Auto Centre. He was also aware of the fact that Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai was bringing the.consignment of Charas for sale in Rajasthan through him. Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai used to contact him on his phone no. 05680-225182 through his phone No.0512-2616517. He also D disclosed that he had given Rs. 1.5 lacs to Diwakar resident of Kidwai nagar for becoming a partner in the t_rade of Charas and Diwakar purchased a Truck for supply of Charas from Nepal to Indore and Rajasthan. Ratan Kumar Vishwas was arrested on 19.4.2004.

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After completion of investigation charge sheet was filed. As accused persons abjured guilt trial was held.

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To further the prosecution version, witnesses were examined while one Rajesh Kumar was examined as DW-3. F As noted above, conviction was recorded and appeal has been filed before the High Court.

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In respect of the prayer for suspension of sentence and grant of bail the preliminary stand was that the conviction is G based on inadmissible evidence. It was submitted that the appellant was not the owner and he was neither the purchaser nor the seller and there was no recovery from him. His conviction was based only on the statement of co-accused. The High Court found that thi~ was not a case where the prayer for H suspension of sentence is to be accepted. Accordingl¥,)he

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RATAN KUMAR VISHWAS v. STATE OF U.P. & ANR. t}l3 [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

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prayer was rejected.

In support of the appeal, the stand taken before the High Court was re-iterated. Additionally, it was submitted that the statement purportedly was made on 19.4.2004 in respect of alleged incident dated 5.3.2004. On 22.4.2004 a telegram was. sent by DW-3 alleging that the appellant was tortured and false confessional statement was recorded.

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B

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Learned counsel for the appellant has further submitted that the rigors of Section 37 of the Act cannot be applied to the present case after Section 32-A of the Act was held to be c ultra vires by this Court.

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In response, learned counsel for the respondent submitted that the conviction is based on the evidence of PWs 1, 2 and 3 in addition to the statement under Section 67 of the D Act. It is pointed out that the appellant was found absconding and, therefore, the statement of his son was recorded under Section 67 of the Act. The telephone records were also verified and it was noted that the involvement of the appellant was sufficiently established.

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It is to be noted that in Dadu v. State of Maharashtra (2000 (8) sec 437) it was held that Section 32A was ultra vires to the extent it took away the powers relatable to Section 389 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (in short 'the Code') In Dadu's case (supra) it was held as follows :-

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"29. Under the circumstances the writ petitions are disposed of by holding that : ·

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(1) Section 32-A does not in any way affect the powers of the authorities to grant parole.

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(2) It is unconstitutional to the extent it takes away the right of the court to suspend the sentence of a convict under the Act.

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[2008] 15 S.C.R.

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SUPREME COURT REPORTS

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914

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A (3) Nevertheless, a sentence awarded under the Act can be suspended by the appellate court only and strictly ·subject to the conditions spelt out in Section 37 of the Act, as dealt with in this judgmenC'

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15, fr\ :the said case it was clearly observed that a sentence .B awarded under the Act .can be suspended by the Appellate · Goud only and strictly subject to the conditions as spelt out in Section 37 of the Act.

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To deal with the menace of dangerous drugs flooding C the market, Parliament has provided that a person accused of offence under the Act should not be released on bail during trial unless the mandatory conditions provided under Section 37 that there are reasonable grounds for holding that the accused is not gui_lty of such office and that he is not likely to commit any, D offence while on bail are satisfied. So far as the first condition. is concerned, apparently the accused has been found guiltyanq has been convicted. Section 37 of the Act reads as follows:-.·

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"Offences to be cognizable and non-bailable- (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of E . Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974)-

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(a) every offence punishable under this Act shall be cognizable;

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(b) no person accused of an offence punishable for offences under section 19 or section 24 or section 27 A and also for offences involving commercial quantity shall be released on bail or on his own bond unless-

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(i) the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity to oppose the application for such release, and

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(ii) where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the court is satisfied that there are reasonable . grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.

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915

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RATAN KUMAR VISHWAS v. STATE OF U.P. & ANR. [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

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(2) The limitations on granting of bail specified in clause (b) of sub-section (1) are in addition to the limitations under the Code of Ciiminal Procedure, 1973 (2of1974) or any other law for the time being in force, on grant of bail."

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The High Court has dealt with the factual position in great detail to conclude that the parameters ofSeclion 37 are' not fulfilled to warrant grant of bail by suspension of sentence. We find no reason to interfere in the matter. The High Court is · requested to dispose of the Criminal Appeal pending before it expeditiously.

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.18. Learned Counsel for the appellant submitted tr.at the appellant is ailing and needs treatment. It is open to him to move the appropriate authorities for providing such medical treatment as is needed.

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The appeal fails and is dismissed.

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D.G. Appeal dismissed.

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Ratan Kumar Vishwas v. State of U.P. & Anr.

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Ratan Kumar Vishwas v. State of U.P. & Anr.

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