. These provisions in the Act establish the dominant legislative intent of the imposition of the ceiling on land holdings and the consequential obligation to surrender lands owned or held in excess of the ceiling area on the notified date, namely, 1 January 1970. The legislature noticed the possibility that after the proposal to introdnce the Kerala Land Reforms Bill 1963 published in the Gazette on 15 August, 1963, there might be transactions of transfers with a view to circumventing the· provisions of the contemplated legislation. It is to meet the said situation that section 84 of the Act Jays down that all such voluntary transfers that have taken place subsequent to the date of publication of the Bill, namely, 15 August 1963, otherwise :han. in the limited modes specified in· the said section, shall be deemed to be transfers calculated to defeat the provisions of the Act and shall be invalid. It is apparent that section 84 was enacted with a view to making the provisions of sections 83 and 85 effective. For purposes of calculation . of the ceiling area and the determination of the extent of the excess land to be surrendered by persons account will be taken not merely of the land actually owned and possessed by him on the notified date, namely, 1 Jannary 1970, but also of land voluntarily transferred by hinl subsequent to the date of publication of the Bill in the Gazette on 15 August 1963 by transactions not falling within the certain categories mentioned in section 84. Section 84 prohibits persons from transferring their excess lands after 15 August, 1963 except as .provided in that section.
