Partly allowed

Balram S/O Shri Banwari Lal v. Universal Sompo General Insurance Company Ltd.

Rajasthan HC13 Jan 2026CMA/3457/2023

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

Four connected appeals against a common Motor Accident Claims Tribunal award arising from a car accident that killed one child and injured others. The High Court recomputed compensation using skilled-worker minimum wages for minors, enhanced awards under multiple heads, dismissed the appeal concerning the unborn foetus, and awarded interest at 8%.

What did the court decide?

Appeals 3444/2023, 3442/2023 and 3481/2023 partly allowed with enhanced awards (Rs.10,92,071; Rs.3,87,419; Rs.5,75,810); appeal 3457/2023 dismissed; 8% interest on enhanced amount.

Balram S/O Shri Banwari Lal Vs Universal Sompo… — Motor Accident Claims | Rajasthan HC (2026)

¶1

[2026:RJ-JP:6553]

¶2

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR

¶3

(1) S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 3444/2023

¶4

Shivram S/o Shri Kaluram, Aged 44 Years,

¶5

Smt. Rameshwari Devi W/o Shri Shivram, Aged 39 Years, Both R/o Raghunathpura @ Talu Ka Bas, Teshil Virat Nagar, Distt. Jaipur (Raj.)

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----Claimants-Appellants.

¶7

Versus

¶8

Universal Sompo General Insurance Company Ltd., Ground Floor & Basement, 29-B, White Sapphira Apartment, Govind Marg, Adarsh Nagar, Jaipur (Ins. Co. Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332). Validity Date 13.02.2019 To 12.02.2020.

¶9

Vikram Gurjar S/o Shri Jairam Gurjar, R/o-Dhani Cholai, Ward No. 2, Shahpura, Distt. Jaipur Raj. (Regd. Owner Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332

¶10

Madan Lal Khatana S/o Shri Babu Lal Khatana, R/o-Dhani Lalakawali Bhabru Tehsil Virat Nagar, Distt. Jaipur Raj. (Mukhtarnama Owner Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332).

¶11

Ramswaroop S/o Shri Bhagirath, R/o- Dhani Cholai, Shahpura, Distt. Jaipur Raj.

¶12

(Driver Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332). ----Non-Claimants-Respondents.

¶13

Connected With

¶14

(2) S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 3442/2023

¶15

1-Priyanshu D/o Shri Balram, Aged 07 Years, Minor Through Its Natural Guardian/father Balram S/o Shri Banwari Lal, R/oRaghunathpura @ Talu Ka Bas, Tehsil Virat Nagar, Distt. Jaipur, Raj.

¶16

----Claimant-Appellant

¶17

Versus

¶18

Universal Sompo General Insurance Company Ltd., Ground Floor & Basement, 29-B, White Sapphira Apartment, Govind Marg, Adarsh Nagar, Jaipur (Ins. Co. Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332). Validity Date 13.02.2019 To 12.02.2020.

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[CMA-3444/2023]

Vikram Gurjar S/o Shri Jairam Gurjar, R/o-Dhani Cholai, Ward No. 2, Shahpura, Distt. Jaipur Raj. (Regd. Owner Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332

¶23

Madan Lal Khatana S/o Shri Babu Lal Khatana, R/oDhani Lalakawali Bhabru Tehsil Virat Nagar, Distt. Jaipur Raj.

¶24

(Mukhtarnama Owner Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332).

¶25

1. Ramswaroop S/o Shri Bhagirath, R/o- Dhani Cholai, Shahpura, Distt. Jaipur Raj.

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(Driver Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332). ----Non-Claimants-Respondents.

¶27

(3) S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 3457/2023

¶28

Balram Son of Shri Banwari Lal, Aged 32 Years,

¶29

Smt. Babli W/o Shri Balram, Aged 29 Years, Both R/oRaghunathpura @ Talu Ka Bas, Tehsil Virat Nagar, Distt. Jaipur. Raj.

¶30

----Claimants-Appellants

¶31

Versus

¶32

Universal Sompo General Insurance Company Ltd., Ground Floor & Basement, 29-B, White Sapphira Apartment, Govind Marg, Adarsh Nagar, Jaipur (Ins. Co. Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332). Validity Date 13.02.2019 To 12.02.2020.

¶33

Vikram Gurjar S/o Shri Jairam Gurjar, R/o-Dhani Cholai, Ward No. 2, Shahpura, Distt. Jaipur Raj. (Regd. Owner Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332

¶34

Madan Lal Khatana S/o Shri Babu Lal Khatana, R/oDhani Lalakawali Bhabru Tehsil Virat Nagar, Distt. Jaipur Raj.

¶35

(Mukhtarnama Owner Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332).

¶36

1. Ramswaroop S/o Shri Bhagirath, R/o- Dhani Cholai, Shahpura, Distt. Jaipur Raj.

¶37

(Driver Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332). ----Non-Claimants-Respondents.

¶38

(4) S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 3481/2023

¶39

Smt. Babli W/o Shri Balram, Aged 29 Years, R/o-Raghunathpura @ Talu Ka Bas, Tehsil Virat Nagar, Distt. Jaipur Raj.

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[CMA-3444/2023]

(3 of 22)

----Claimant-Appellant

¶44

Versus

¶45

Universal Sompo General Insurance Company Ltd., Ground Floor & Basement, 29-B, White Sapphira Apartment, Govind Marg, Adarsh Nagar, Jaipur (Ins. Co. Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332). Validity Date 13.02.2019 To 12.02.2020.

¶46

Vikram Gurjar S/o Shri Jairam Gurjar, R/o-Dhani Cholai, Ward No. 2, Shahpura, Distt. Jaipur Raj. (Regd. Owner Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332

¶47

Madan Lal Khatana S/o Shri Babu Lal Khatana, R/oDhani Lalakawali Bhabru Tehsil Virat Nagar, Distt. Jaipur Raj.

¶48

(Mukhtarnama Owner Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332).

¶49

1. Ramswaroop S/o Shri Bhagirath, R/o- Dhani Cholai, Shahpura, Distt. Jaipur Raj.

¶50

(Driver Car No. RJ-52-CA-1332). ----Non-Claimants-Respondents.

¶51

For Appellant(s) : Mr. Ram Sharan Sharma, Adv. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Virendra Agrawal, Adv. with Mr. Prijwal Kumar, Adv. (for Insurance Company)

¶52

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR

¶53

Judgment

¶54

13/01/2026

¶55

1- vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3444@2023] vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV fiz;ka'kq dh vksj ls tfj;s izkÑfrd laj{kd firk }kjk izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3442@2023] vihykFkhZx.k cyjke o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3457@2023 ,oa vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV Jherh ccyh dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3481@2023] mDr leLr nhokuh fofo/k vihysa /kkjk&173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k] la[;k&02 ,oa eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k] 'kkgiqjk]

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t;iqj ftyk ¼ftls vkxs ^fo}ku vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Øe'k% Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&143@2021 ¼236@2019½] f'kojke o vU; cuke ;wfuolZy lksEiks tujy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM o vU;] Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&141@2021 ¼234@2019½] fiz;ka'kq cuke ;wfuolZy lksEiks tujy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM o vU;] Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&142@2021 ¼235@2019½] cyjke o vU; cuke ;wfuolZy lksEiks tujy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM o vU; rFkk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&127@2021 ¼237@2019½] Jherh ccyh nsoh cuke ;wfuolZy lksEiks tujy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 28-032023 ¼ftls vkxs vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ftudk fuLrkj.k lqfo/kk dh n`f"V ls bl ,d fu.kZ; ds }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA

¶60

2- vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU; }kjk eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa dksey dh eR;q gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 42]70]000@& #i;s] vihykfFkZ;k fiz;ka'kq }kjk eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa Lo;a ds vkgr gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 44]10]000@& #i;s] vihykFkhZx.k cyjke o vU; }kjk eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa vtUek f'k'kq dh eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa eR;q gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 40]60]000@& #i;s rFkk vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh nsoh }kjk eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa Lo;a ds vkgr gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 66]35]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq iFkd&iFkd Dyse ;kfpdk,a fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr dh x;hA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdkvksa dk fuLrkj.k djrs gq, vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU; dks dqy 4]03]851@& #i;s] vihykfFkZ;k fiz;ka'kq dks dqy 3]63]719@& #i;s] vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh nsoh dks dqy 3]50]598@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf'k e; C;kt 07 izfr'kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h rFkk vihykFkhZx.k cyejke o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr Dyse ;kfpdk vLohdkj dj [kkfjt dh x;hA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU; }kjk flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3444@2023] vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV fiz;ka'kq dh vksj ls tfj;s izkÑfrd laj{kd firk }kjk flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3442@2023]

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vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV Jherh ccyh }kjk flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3481@2023 fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ x;h {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq rFkk vihykFkhZx.k cyjke o vU; }kjk izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3457@2023 {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnyok;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSaA

¶65

3- flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3444@2023 ds laca/k esa nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dk rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk erdk dks ,deq'r {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnyokbZ tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gS] tcfd oDr ?kVuk erdk dksey 08 o"khZ; ckfydk Fkh] ftls dq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij mldh vk; fu/kkZfjr dh tkuh pkfg, FkhA fo}ku vf/koDRkk vihykFkhZx.k dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk dalksfVZ;e dh en esa rFkk vU; enksa esa Hkh vR;f/kd de jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftuesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3444@2023 dks Lohdkj fd;k tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; dks la'kksf/kr dj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

¶66

4- flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3442@2023 ds laca/k esa nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykfFkZ;k dk rdZ jgk gS fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dh dksbZ vk; fu/kkZfjr ugha dj vihykfFkZ;k dks dkfjr gqbZ 12 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk ds vk/kkj ij vihykfFkZ;k dks vk; dh {kfr ds en esa ,deq'r 3]00]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykfFkZ;k dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k dks dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dqy 12 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykfFkZ;k dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gS rFkk 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa o vU; enksa esa Hkh vR;f/kd de jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftuesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% vihykfFkZ;k dh vksj ls tfj;s izkÑfrd laj{kd firk }kjk izLrqr

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flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3442@2023 Lohdkj dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

¶71

5- flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3457@2023 ds laca/k esa nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dk rdZ jgk gS fd vihykFkhZx.k dk vtUek f'k'kq tks fd ?kVuk ds le; 8 ekg 15 fnol dk Fkk] ftldh ekeys dh nq?kZVuk ds ifj.kkeLo:i xHkZ esa gh eR;q dkfjr gks x;h] fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk xHkZLFk f'k'kq dh eR;q ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZx.k dks dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA vr% vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3457@2023 dks Lohdkj fd;k tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; dks la'kksf/kr fd;k tkdj ekeys esa vihykFkhZx.k dks Hkh xHkZLFk f'k'kq dh e`R;q ds QyLo:i {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnyok;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

¶72

6- flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3481@2023 ds laca/k esa nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykfFkZ;k dk rdZ jgk gS fd oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k [ksrhckM+h dk dk;Z dj izfrekg 15]000@& #i;s dh vk; vftZr djrk Fkh] fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dh vk; 6]750@& #i;s izfrekg fu/kkZfjr dh tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykfFkZ;k dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k ds dkfjr gqbZ lk/kkj.k o xaHkhj pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dqy 20-28 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykfFkZ;k dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gS rFkk 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa o vU; enksa esa Hkh vR;f/kd de jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftuesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% mijksDr vk/kkjksa ij vihykfFkZ;k dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3481@2023 Lohdkj dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA 7- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ@chek dEiuh dh vksj ls vihykFkhZx.k ds mijksDr rdksZa dk fojks/k fd;k x;k o fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr fd;s x;s fu.kZ; dh iqf"V fd;s tkus rFkk vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU; }kjk lafLFkr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3444@2023]

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vihykfFkZ;k fiz;ka'kq }kjk lafLFkr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3442@2023] vihykFkhZx.k cyjke o vU; }kjk lafLFkr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3457@2023 rFkk vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh }kjk lafLFkr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3481@2023] dks fujLr fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh xbZA 8- nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lquh x;hA i=kofy;ksa dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 9- gLrxr vihyksa dk fuLrkj.k fuEukuqlkj fd;k tk jgk gS %&

¶77

flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3444@2023 %&

¶78

10i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 13-09-2019 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk erdk dksey dks 08 o"khZ; ckfydk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n"Vkar fd'ku xksiky o vU; cuke ykykjke o vU;] fjiksVZsM bu 2014 ¼1½ ,l-lh-lh- 244 ¼,l-lh-½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vk/kkj ij oDr ?kVuk erdk ckfydk dh eR;q ds QyLo:i vk; dh {kfr ds en esa ,deq'r 2]50]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU; dks fnyokbZ x;h gSA

¶79

11fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dk rdZ gS fd eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk ds mu ekeyksa esa tgka cPps dh eR;q dkfjr gks tkrh gks ;k og vkgr gks tkrk gks] ogka ml ckyd dks dq’ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh dh nj ds vk/kkj ij {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fu/kkZfjr fd;s tkus dh lqLFkkfir fof/k gSA bl laca/k esa vihykFkhZx.k }kjk ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr U;kf;d n"VkUr Hitesh Nagjibhai Patel

¶80

Vs. Bababhai Nagjibhai Rabari & Anr., Civil Appeal No. 10278/2025 (Arising Out of SLP (C) No. 14444/2025) dh vksj U;k;ky; dk /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;k gSA

¶81

12blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh dk ;g rdZ jgk gS fd e`rdk v/;;ujr Nk=k gks] ,slh dksbZ lk{; i=koyh ij ugha vk;h gS rFkk pwafd cPpksa dh dksbZ vk; ugha gksrh rFkk muds Hkfo"; dh laHkkouk

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vfuf'pr gksrh gSA vr% ,sls ekeyksa esa dkYifud uks'kuy vk; ds vk/kkj ij {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZfjr dh tkuh pkfg,A

¶86

13bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us U;kf;d n`"Vkar Hitesh Nagjibhai Patel (supra) ds ekeys esa fuEufyf[kr er O;Dr fd;k gS %&

¶87

" 9. On the aspect of monthly income of the minor appellant, we are inclined to interfere with the judgment and order of the Courts below. In the present case, it is evident that the Courts below have failed to take into account the monthly income of the appellant while determining the quantum of compensation. It is now a well-entrenched and consistently reiterated principle of law that a minor child who suffers death or permanent disability in a motor vehicle accident, cannot be placed in the same category as a non-earning individual for the purposes of assessing the amount of compensation because the child was not engaged in gainful employment at the time of the accident. In such a case, the computation of compensation under the head of loss of income ought to be made by adopting, at the very least, the minimum wages payable to a skilled workman as notified for the relevant period in the respective State where the cause of action arises. The said observation was rendered by this Court, in Kajal v. Jagdish Chand and Ors.3 , and Baby Sakshi Greola v. Manzoor Ahmad Simon and Anr.4 .

¶88

14. As can be seen, there is a great difference between the compensation as awarded by the Courts below and the compensation payable as per law. We are constraint to observe that appeals to the High Court as well as to this Court were entirely avoidable, since the law had been amply clarified well before the order of the Tribunal was made on 17.10.2021 by way of the judgment rendered by this Court in Kajal (supra) decided on 05.02.2020. Both

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the Courts were duty-bound to keep abreast with the law as clarified by this Court, ensuring that the judgments and orders passed by them are entirely in order therewith.

¶93

15. For the purpose of emphasis, it is again clarified here that when a Tribunal or the High Court in appeal, is concerned with the case involving a child having suffered injury or having passed away, the calculation of loss of income necessarily has to be made on the matric of minimum wages payable to a skilled worker in the respective State at the relevant point of time. It is our hope that this restatement helps avoiding such errors and thereby obviates the necessity of this Court’s interference, applying well-established principles of law."

¶94

14,slh fLFkfr esa ge] Hitesh Nagjibhai Patel (supra) ds ekeys esa ikfjr er ls lger gksrs gq, bl ekeys esa Hkh er ckfydk dks oDr ?kVuk dq'ky Jfed gksuk ekurs gq, ?kVuk dh frfFk 13-09-2019 dks izpfyr dq'ky Jfed dh U;wure etnwjh dh nj ds vk/kkj ij mldh nSfud vk; 249@& #i;s] rn~uqlkj ekfld vk; 249 x 30 = 7]470@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA oDr ?kVuk erdk 08 o"khZ; ckfydk FkhA ,slh fLFkfr esa us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh- 680 esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj erdk dh vk;q dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, mldh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 7]470@& #i;s esa 40 izfr'kr vFkkZr 2]988@& #i;s dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar e`rdk dh dqy 'kq) ekfld vk; 10]458@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA

¶95

15oDr ?kVuk erdk vfookfgr FkhA ,slh fLFkfr esa erdk ds O;fDrxr [kpZ dh dVkSrh ds en eas 1@2 Hkkx dh dVkSrh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA 10]458@& #i;s dk 1@2 Hkkx 5]229@& #i;s gksrk gS] ftls fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa ls ?kVkus ds mijkar vkfJr vk; dh 'ks"k jkf'k 5]229@&

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[CMA-3444/2023]

(10 of 22)

#i;s gksrh gSA oDr ?kVuk erdk 08 o"khZ; ckfydk FkhA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ o vU; cuke nsgyh VªklaiksVZ dkWiksZjs'ku o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vk/kkj ij erdk dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 15 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA

¶100

16rn~uqlkj erdk dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 5]229@& #i;s ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZx.k dks gksus okyh vkfJr vk; dh dqy {kfr 5]229 **x** 12 **x** 15 **=** 9]41]220@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks vihykFkhZx.k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSaA 17fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk erdk ds firk o ekrk vihykFkhZ la[;k&1 o 2 izR;sd dks 40]000@& #i;s ¼dqy 80]000@& #i;s½ dh jkf'k dalksfVZ;e dh en esa fnyokbZ x;h gSA

¶101

18bl laca/k esa fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZx.k dh vksj ls O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl}kUr ds vuqlkj erd ds vkfJrx.k dks dalksfVZ;e dh en esa] vafre laLdkj o lEink dh gkfu ds en esa nh tkus okyh fu/kkZfjr jkf'k esa izR;sd 03 o"kZ esa 10 izfr'kr jkf'k dh c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;k x;k gSA blfy, bl ekeys esa Hkh mDr enksa esa 10 izfr'kr dh of) dh tkdj vihykFkhZx.k dks {kfriwfrZ jkf'k fnyokbZ tkosA

¶102

19tgka rd dalksfVZ;e dh en esa] vafre laLdkj rFkk lEink dh gkfu ds en esa erd ds vkfJrx.k dks fnyokbZ tkus okyh fu/kkZfjr jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dk iz'u gS rks bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d n"Vkar glhuk ;kLehu o vU; cuke us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM o vU; fjiksVsMZ bu 2025 ,l-lh-lhvkWuykbZu ,l-lh- 2919 esa fuEufyf[kr er O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd %&

¶103

" 7. According to us, the Constitution Bench decision only provided for an enhancement of 10% in every three-year period with respect to accidents which occurred after 2017, the first enhancement being applied in 2020. Otherwise, as is indicated in the cited

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[CMA-3444/2023]

decision; which we find, with due respect, difficult to accept, the accident in 2010 is applied with a 10% increase when it is disposed of in 2020 and a further 10% increase if the matter is finally disposed of in 2023. This with due respect is not the purport of the decision in Pranay Sethi¹ , as we understand it. There cannot be any enhancement made with respect to an accident which occurred in the year 1998, since the compensation for loss of estate and consortium as also expenses incurred for funeral is as on that date, which has been standardized by Pranay Sethi at 15,000/-, 40,000/- & 15,000/-, the delay in payment of which is compensated by the interest directed to be paid."

¶108

20,slh fLFkfr fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk erdk ds ekrk&firk dks dalksfVZ;e dh en esa tks 80]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] og ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n"Vkar glhuk ;kLehu ¼mijksDr½] iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½] ;wukbZVsM bf.M;k ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2021½ 11 ,llhlh 780 o vU; U;kf;d n`"Vkar esxek tujy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2018½ 18 ,llhlh 130lfrUnj dkSj mQZ lrfoUnj dkSj ¼mijksDr½ o ukuw jke mQZ pqg: jke ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj mfpr izrhr gksrh gS] ftlesa dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk ge mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶109

21fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks vafre laLdkj dh en esa 15]000@& #i;s rFkk lEink dh gkfu ds en esa 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj fu/kkZfjr mfpr izrhr gksrh gS] blesa Hkh ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶110

22fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dks erdk ds nq?kZVuk i'pkr~ o eR;q iwoZ mlds bykt ij O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa 40]851@& #i;s dh

(12 of 22)

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[CMA-3444/2023]

jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyokbZ x;h gS] blesa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶115

23fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ;krk;kr o ifjogu dh en esa 3]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZx.k dks fnyokbZ x;h gS] tks iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds vkyksd eas ns; ugha gSA

¶116

24mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSa %&

¶117

Øe la-	'kh"kZ@en	bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k¼:i;s esa½
1-	vkfJr vk; dh {kfr ds en esa	9]41]220@&
2-	dalksfVZ;e ds en esa	dqy 80]000@&
3-	vafre laLdkj ds en esa	15]000@&
4-	lEink dh gkfu ds en esa	15]000@&
5-	bykt ds nkSjku O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa	40]851@&
	bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k	10]92]071@&
	fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k	4]03]851@&
	c<+ksrjh i'pkr~{kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj	6]88]220@&

¶118

25rnuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU; dh vksj ls lafLFkr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3444@2023] vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk [email protected] dks 4]03]851@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 10]92]071@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA

¶119

flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3442@2023 %&

¶120

26ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k dks dkfjr gqbZ lk/kkj.k o xaHkhj pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dqy 12 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA eksVj nq?kZVuk esa vkgr O;fDr;ksa dks {kfriwfrZ fnyok;s tkus ds lanHkZ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Anant Son of Sidheswar Dukre Vs. Pratap Son of Zhampannappa Lamzane & Anr. reported in (2018) 9

(13 of 22)

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[CMA-3444/2023]

Supreme Court Cases 450, esa fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS tks fuEu izdkj ls gS %&

¶125

“ 12 . In case of motor accidents leading to injuries and disablements, it is a well settled principle that a person must not only be compensated for his physical injury, but also for the non-pecuniary losses which he has suffered due to the injury. The claimant is entitled to be compensated for his inability to lead a full life, and enjoy those things and amenities which he would have enjoyed, but for the injuries.

¶126

13 . The purpose of compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act is to fully and adequately restore the aggrieved to the position prior to the accident. This Court in Yadava Kumar v. National Insurance Co. Ltd. explained “just compensation” in the following words:

¶127

"15. It goes without saying that in matters of determination of compensation both the tribunal and the court are statutorily charged with a responsibility of fixing a “just compensation”. It is obviously true that determination of a just compensation cannot be equated to a bonanza. At the same time the concept of “just compensation” obviously suggests application of fair and equitable principles and a reasonable approach on the part of the tribunals and courts. This reasonableness on the part of the tribunal and court must be on a large peripheral field.""

¶128

27i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 13-09-2019 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k dks 03 o"khZ; ckfydk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar efYydktqZu cuke fMfotuy eSustj] us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2014½ 14 ,l-lh-lh- 396 ds ekeys esa ikfjr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k dks dkfjr gqbZ 12 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k dks ,deq'r 3]00]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vk; dh {kfr ds en esa fnyokbZ x;h gSA ;g lqLFkkfir fof/k gS

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[CMA-3444/2023]

(14 of 22)

fd ftu ekeyksa esa vkgr@erd dh vk; izekf.kr ugha gks] ogka vkgr@erd dks vdq'ky] v)Zdq'ky o dq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij mldh vk; fu/kkZfjr dh tk,xhA gLrxr ekeys esa vihykfFkZ;k dks 03 o"khZ; ckfydk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g U;k;ky; Hitesh Nagjibhai Patel (supra) ds ekeys esa ikfjr er ls lger gksrs gq, bl ekeys esa Hkh vihykfFkZ;k ckfydk dks oDr ?kVuk dq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj ?kVuk dh frfFk 13-09-2019 dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, rRle; izpfyr dq'ky Jfed dh U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij mldh nSfud vk; 249@& #i;s] rn~uqlkj ekfld vk; 249 x 30 = 7]470@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rh gSA Dyse ;kfpdk esa oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k dks 03 o"kZ vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k dh vk;q dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, mldh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; ij Hkfo"; dh izR;k'kk dh en esa 40 izfr'kr dh Hkfo";&o`f) fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rn~uqlkj 7]470@& #i;s dk 40 izfr'kr 2]988@& #i;s gksrk gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks vihykfFkZ;k dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar vihykfFkZ;k dh dqy ekfld vk; 10]458@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks {kfriwfrZ ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA

¶133

28gLrxr nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa lk/kkj.k o xaHkhj pksVsa dkfjr gqbZ rFkk vihykfFkZ;k ds flj esa xaHkhj pksV dkfjr gqbZ] ftuds lkewfgd izHkko ls vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj esa dqy 12 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gS] tSlk fd LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk izek.k i= izn'kZ&93 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gSA gLrxr ekeys es a LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk izek.k i= izn'kZ&93 jktdh; fpfdRlky; ds esfMdy cksMZ }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gS] ftl ij vfo'okl djus dk dksbZ dkj.k gekjs le{k ugha gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa fuf'pr :i ls vihykfFkZ;k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa deh gksuk LokHkkfod gSA bl izdkj vihykfFkZ;k dks dkfjr gqbZ 12 izfr'kr LFkk;h

[2026:RJ-JP:6553]

[CMA-3444/2023]

(15 of 22)

fu;ksZX;rk ds vk/kkj ij ge] vihykfFkZ;k dks vk; dh {kfr Hkh 12 izfr'kr gksuk ikrs gSaA rnuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 10]458@& #i;s dk 12 izfr'kr 1]255@& #i;s gksrk gS tks vihykfFkZ;k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh ekfld {kfr gSA oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k dh vk;q 03 o"kZ crkbZ x;h gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ ¼mijksDr½ rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vk/kkj ij vihykfFkZ;k dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 15 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rnuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dqy {kfr 1]255 x 12 x 15 = 2]25]900@& #i;s gksrh gS tks vihykfFkZ;k izkIr djus dh vf/kdkjh gSA 29fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks de gSA vr% 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa ge] 30]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶138

30fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA vr% Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa ge] 30]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶139

31fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa iFkd ls dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k dks fo'ks"k vkgkj dh vko';drk jgh gksxhA ,slh fLFkfr eas ge ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en eas 20]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks iFkd ls fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶140

32fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks ;krk;kr o ifjogu ij O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa 5]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks de gSA vr% ;krk;kr o ifjogu ij O;; jkf'k ds en esa ge] 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

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[CMA-3444/2023]

(16 of 22)

33fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks bykt ds nkSjku O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa 51]919@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] blesa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶145

34fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks 03 fnol vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa 1]800@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gSA tcfd ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k fnukad 13-09-2019 ls 25-09-2019 rd 13 fnol rd o fnukad 01-10-2019 ls 03-10-2019 rd 03 fnol rd] bl izdkj vihykfFkZ;k dqy 16 fnol rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgh gSA vr% 16 fnol rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus gsrq ge] 600@& #i;s izfrfnu dh nj ls 9]600@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶146

35fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk 'kY; fpfdRlk dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyokbZ x;h gS tks de gSA vr% 'kY; fpfdRlk dh en esa ge] 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶147

36mDrkuqlkj nkokdrkZ@vihykfFkZ;k fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dh vf/kdkjh gS %&

¶148

Øe la[;k	'kh"kZ@en	bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k ¼#i;s esa½
1-	Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; vtZu dh {kerk esa deh ds en esa	2]25]900@&
2-	'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa	30]000@&
3-	Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa	30]000@&
4-	ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa	20]000@&
5-	;krk;kr o ifjogu ij O;; jkf'k ds en esa	10]000@&
6-	bykt ds nkSjku O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa	51]919@&
7-	16 fnol rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa	9]600@&
8-	'kY; fpfdRlk dh en esa	10]000@&
	bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k	3]87]419@&
	fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k¼&½	3]63]719@&
	c<+ksrjh i'pkr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj	23]700@&

[CMA-3444/2023]

[2026:RJ-JP:6553]

(17 of 22)

37rnuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV fiz;ka'kq dh vksj ls tfj;s izkÑfrd laj{kd firk }kjk izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3442@2023 vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV dks 3]63]719@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 3]87]419@& :i; s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA

¶153

flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3481@2023 %&

¶154

38ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh dks dkfjr gqbZ lk/kkj.k o xaHkhj pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dqy 20-28 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA eksVj nq?kZVuk esa vkgr O;fDr;ksa dks {kfriwfrZ fnyok;s tkus ds lanHkZ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d n`"Vkar Anant Son of Sidheswar Dukre (supra) esa fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gSA

¶155

39i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 13-09-2019 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh dks [ksrhckM+h dj o flykbZ dk dk;Z dj izfrekg 15]000@& #i;s dh vk; vftZr djuk vo'; crk;k x;k gSA fdUrq vihykfFkZ;k }kjk viuh vk; ds laca/k esa dksbZ Bksl izek.k fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr ugha fd;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k ds dk;Z dh izÑfr dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k dks vdq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij mldh vk; 6]750@& #i;s ekfld fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k dks [ksrhckM+h o flykbZ dk dk;Z djuk crk;k x;k gS rFkk ?kjsyw dkedkth efgyk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ?kjsyw dke dkt djus okyh efgyk Lo;a ds dk;kZsa ds vfrfjDr vius ifjokj ds yksxksa dh ftEesnkfj;ksa dk Hkh fuoZgu djrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g U;k;ky; vihykfFkZ;k ds dk;Z dh izÑfr dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k dks dq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij mldh vk; fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk

[2026:RJ-JP:6553]

[CMA-3444/2023]

(18 of 22)

mfpr le>rh gSA oDr ?kVuk dq'ky Jfed dh nSfud vk; 249@& #i;s] rnuqlkj 249 x 30 = 7]470@& #i;s gksrh gSA Dyse ;kfpdk esa oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k dks 25 o"kZ vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gS rFkk fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkh vihykfFkZ;k dh vk;q oDr ?kVuk 25 o"kZ fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA pwafd oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh 25 o"kZ vk;q dh Lofu;ksftr efgyk FkhA ,slh fLFkfr esa iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, mldh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 7]470@& #i;s esa 40 izfr'kr dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rnuqlkj 7]470@& #i;s dk 40 izfr'kr 2]988@& #i;s gksrk gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar vihykfFkZ;k dh dqy 'kq) ekfld vk; 10]458@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks {kfriwfrZ ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA

¶160

40gLrxr ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh nsoh ds 'kjhj ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa lk/kkj.k o xaHkhj pksVsa dkfjr gqbZ rFkk vihykfFkZ;k ds iSj esa vfLFk Hkax dh xaHkhj pksV dkfjr gqbZ] ftuds lkewfgd izHkko ls vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dqy 20-28 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gS] tSlk fd LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk izek.k i= izn'kZ&92 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dkfjr gqbZ 20-28 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk ds vk/kkj ij vihykfFkZ;k dks vk; dh {kfr Hkh 20 izfr'kr gksuk ik;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr fu"d"kZ esa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA rnuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 10]458@& #i;s dk 20 izfr'kr 2]092@& #i;s gksrk gS tks vihykfFkZ;k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh ekfld {kfr gSA oDr ?kVuk vihykfFkZ;k dh vk;q 25 o"kZ fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ ¼mijksDr½ rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfriwfrZ dh x.kuk gsrq vihykfFkZ;k dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 18 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rnuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dqy {kfr 2]092 x 12 x 18 = 4]51]872@& #i;s gksrh gS tks vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh nsoh izkIr djus dh vf/kdkjh gSA

(19 of 22)

[2026:RJ-JP:6553]

[CMA-3444/2023]

41fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks de gSA vr% 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa ge] 20]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶165

42fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA vr% Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa ge] 20]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶166

43fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa iFkd ls dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k dks fo'ks"k vkgkj dh vko';drk jgh gksxhA ,slh fLFkfr eas ge] ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en eas 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks iFkd ls fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶167

44fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks ;krk;kr o ifjogu ij O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa 5]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks de gSA vihykfFkZ;k dks dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k dks ckj&ckj vLirky vkuk&tkuk iM+k gksxkA vr% ;krk;kr o ifjogu ij O;; jkf'k ds en esa ge] 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶168

45fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks bykt ds nkSjku O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa 29]198@& #i;s] 08 fnol vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa 4]800@& #i;s rFkk lk/kkj.k o xaHkhj pksVksa dh en esa 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr enksa esa fnyokbZ x;h jkf'k esa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶169

46fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k dks byktjr vof/k ds nkSjku gqbZ vk; dh gkfu ds en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA ;g LoHkkfod gS fd ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykfFkZ;k ds 'kjhj ij dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykfFkZ;k djhc nks ekg rd vk; vftZr djus esa vleFkZ jgh gksxhA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] byktjr vof/k ds nkSjku gqbZ nks ekg dh vk;

(20 of 22)

[2026:RJ-JP:6553]

[CMA-3444/2023]

dh gkfu ds en esa 7]470 x 2 = 14]940@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykfFkZ;k dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶174

47mDrkuqlkj nkokdrkZ@vihykfFkZ;k fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dh vf/kdkjh gS %&

¶175

Øe la[;k	'kh"kZ@en	bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k ¼#i;s esa½
1-	Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; vtZu dh {kerk esa deh ds en esa	4]51]872@&
2-	'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa	20]000@&
3-	Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa	20]000@&
4-	ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa	15]000@&
5-	;krk;kr o ifjogu ij O;; jkf'k ds en esa	10]000@&
6-	bykt ds nkSjku O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa	29]198@&
7-	08 fnol rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa	4]800@&
8-	lk/kkj.k o xaHkhj pksVksa dh en esa	10]000@&
9-	byktjr vof/k ds nkSjku gqbZ 02 ekg vk; dh gkfu ds en esa	14]940@&
	bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k	5]75]810@&
	fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k¼&½	3]50]598@&
	c<+ksrjh i'pkr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj	2]25]212@&

¶176

48rnuqlkj vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV Jherh ccyh nsoh dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3481@2023] vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV dks 3]50]598@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 5]75]810@& :i; s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA

¶177

flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3457@2023 %&

¶178

49vihykFkhZx.k cyjke o vU; dh vksj ;g vihy vihykFkhZ la[;k&2 Jherh ccyh nsoh ds xHkZ esa iy jgs f'k'kq dh] ekeys dh nq?kZVuk ds QyLo:i xHkZ esa gh e`R;q dkfjr gks tkus ds QyLo:i {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSA bl laca/k esa i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;k tk, rks fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk bl laca/k esa ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k gS fd ^^izdj.k esa rFkkdfFkr :i ls izkFkhZ i{k ds vtUes xHkZLFk f'k'kq dk 8 ekg

[CMA-3444/2023]

[2026:RJ-JP:6553]

(21 of 22)

15 fnol ds gksus ds rF; ckcr~ dsoy&vkSj&dsoy mudh vf/kdj.k ds le{k i=koyh ij ekSf[kd lk{; gh gSA izdj.k esa izkFkhZ i{k }kjk viuh ekSf[kd lk{; ds leFkZu esa vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr nLrkost esa ekrk rFkk vtUes xHkZLFk f'k'kq dh lqj{kk ds laca/k esa dsUnz ljdkj o jkT; ljdkj }kjk Vhdkdj.k ;kstuk ds vUrxZr lEc) Vhdkdj.k dkMZ izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gS vkSj uk gh vf/kdj.k ds le{k bl rF; ds lca/k esa ,slk a dksbZ nLrkost izLrqr fd;k x;k gS] ftlls dh ;g rF; izdV gksrk gks fd nq?kZVuk ds rRle; Jherh ccyh nsoh ds xHkZ esa 8 ekg 15 fnol dk f'k'kq FkkA izdj.k esa tgka rd Jherh ccyh nsoh dh lEc) vYVªk lksuksxzkQh izn'kZ&75] ftldh izekf.kr izfr izn'kZ&55 ,oa vU; vYVªk lksuksxzkQh izn'kZ&56 dh varZoLrq ds voyksdu ls ;|fi Jherh ccyh dks IyslsaVk ¼xHkZuky½ fodflr gksuk rFkk mlls fCyfMax gksuk izdV gksrk gSA ysfdu fdlh Hkh xHkZLFk efgyk ds xHkZ/kkj.k dh frfFk ls 5&7 fnol ds i'pkr~ ls gh IyslsaVk ¼xHkZuky½ fodflr gksuk 'kq: gks tkrk gSA rc izdj.k esa izkFkhZ i{k }kjk vius leFkZu esa iznf'kZr djok;s x;s lEc) esfMdy nLrkost ls izFke rks ;g rF; fdlh Hkh :i esa izdV ugha gksrk gS fd nq?kZVuk ds rRle; Jherh ccyh nsoh 8 ekg 15 fnol ds :i esa xHkZorh FkhA nwljk] izdj.k esa vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr nLrkost esa bl :i esa Hkh dksbZ fpfdRldh; nLrkost ugha gS fd rFkkdfFkr :i ls vtUes f'k'kq dh eR;q nq?kZVuk ds ifj.kkeLo:i gh gqbZ gksA izdj.k esa rFkkdfFkr :i ls vtUes f'k'kq ds laca/k esa vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr nLrkost esa Jherh ccyh nsoh ds vkWijs'ku dk Hkh dksbZ nLrkost miyC/k ugha gS vkSj uk gh bl rF; ckcr~ rFkkdfFkr :i ls Jherh ccyh nsoh ds vkWijs'ku djus okys lEc) fpfdRld dks vf/kdj.k ds le{k ijhf{kr djok;k x;k gSA izdj.k esa vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr nLrkost Jherh ccyh nsoh ds lEc) pksV izfrosnu izn'kZ&90 esa mlds _"Abdomen"_ ,oa _"Pelvic"_ fgLls esa fdlh izdkj dk dksbZ pksV ;k vk?kkr vFkok nnZ dh f'kdk;r gksuk izdV ugha gksrk gSA izdj.k esa izkFkhZ i{k }kjk vius leFkZu esa Åij mYysf[kr tks U;kf;d n"Vkar izLrqr fd;k x;k gS] mlds rF; gLrxr izdj.k ds rF;ksa ls iw.kZr% lqfHkUu gksus ls] mlesa izfrikfnr fl)kUr dk izkFkhZ ds i{k esa

[CMA-3444/2023]

[2026:RJ-JP:6553]

(22 of 22)

voyac ugha fy;k tk ldrk gSA mijksDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa izkFkhZx.k dksbZ izfrdj jkf'k izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh ugha ik;s tkrs gSa rFkk Dyse ;kfpdk [kkfjt dh tkrh gSA** bl izdkj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykfFkZ;k ds vtUes f'k'kq dh e`R;q ds QyLo:i izfrdj jkf'k ugha fnyok;s tkus ds laca/k esa tks fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k gS] og mfpr izrhr gksrk gS] mlesa gLr{ksi dh dksbZ xqatkbZ'k gekjs le{k ugha gSA

¶187

50vr% mijksDr foospu vuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k cyjke o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr flfoy fofo/k vihy la[;k&3457@2023] lkjghu gksus ds dkj.k vLohdkj dj [kkfjt dh tkrh gSA

¶188

51vU; vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV~l f'kojke o vU;] vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV fiz;ka'kq rFkk vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV Jherh ccyh nsoh dh vksj ls izLrqr vihyksa dks vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZx.k@DysesaV f'kojke o vU;] vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV fiz;ka'kq rFkk vihykfFkZ;k@DysesaV Jherh ccyh nsoh }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU;] vihykfFkZ;k fiz;ka'kq rFkk vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh nsoh izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh ik;s tkrs gSaA

¶189

52bl vkns'k }kjk c<kbZ xbZ lEiw.kZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU;] vihykfFkZ;k fiz;ka'kq rFkk vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh nsoh] 08 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gksaxsA

¶190

53rnuqlkj vihykFkhZx.k f'kojke o vU;] vihykfFkZ;k fiz;ka'kq rFkk vihykfFkZ;k Jherh ccyh nsoh dh vksj ls izLrqr vihysa fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSa rFkk vihykFkhZ cyjke o vU; dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy fujLr dh tkrh gSA

¶191

54lHkh yfEcr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dks Hkh mijksDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA

¶192

(ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J

¶193

LOKESH RAJ /79-82

Balram S/O Shri Banwari Lal v. Universal Sompo General Insurance Company Ltd.

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Balram S/O Shri Banwari Lal v. Universal Sompo General Insurance Company Ltd.

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

A compact analysis

Issues for consideration

Cases cited

Statutes considered

Parties & counsel

Coram

Case details

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