High Court enlarged petitioner Keshu Ram on bail under Section 439 Cr.P.C. holding that prolonged incarceration of 3 years 7 months without substantial trial progress overrides NDPS Act Section 37 embargo. Court noted delay non-attributable to accused.
Petitioner enlarged on bail on personal bond of Rs.1,00,000/- with two sureties of Rs.50,000/- each.
This page shows the compact analysis of this judgement. The full analysis — procedural history, issue-by-issue holdings with ratio and obiter, advocates, and paragraph-level evidence for every claim — is being added to the record in batches and will appear here when this judgement has been through it.
[2024:RJ-JD:23027]
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous 3rd Bail Application No. 1466/2024
Keshu Ram S/o Sh. Bheru Lal Banjara, Aged About 37 Years, R/o Chandol, Jawad, Dist. Neemach (M.p.) (At Present Lodged In Dist. Jail Chittorgarh).
----Petitioner
Versus
State Of Rajasthan, Through PP
----Respondent
For Petitioner(s) : Mr. Bhawani Singh. For Respondent(s) : Mr. Mahipal Bishnoi, PP.
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE KULDEEP MATHUR
Order
21/05/2024
This third application for bail under Section 439 Cr.P.C. has been filed by the petitioner who has been arrested in connection with FIR No.109/2020 registered at Police Station Bassi, District Chittorgarh, for offence under Section 8/18 of the NDPS Act.
As per the prosecution, on 01.10.2020, acting upon a secret information, a police team of Police Station Bassi stopped a motorcycle having registration No.RJ-09-SH-9811 which was being driven by the co-accused Gopal and the petitioner Keshuram, who was the pillion rider, was holding a plastic sack. The co-accused Pintu was escorting the above motorcycle through his motorcycle having registration No.MP-44-SH-2140. On search being made of the plastic sack, the team recovered contraband (opium) weighing 29 Kgs. 850 Gms. from 11 pouches lying in the plastic sack. They were arrested on the spot.
[2024:RJ-JD:23027]
[CRLMB-1466/2024]
(2 of 7)
Learned counsel submitted that the petitioner is in custody since 02.10.2020. It was also submitted that trial against the petitioner has commenced but in last more than 3 years and 7 months, out of total 25 cited prosecution witnesses, only 2 witnesses have been examined till date. Learned counsel submitted that the delay in trial before the competent criminal court is not at all attributable to the present petitioner.
Learned counsel submitted that in view of the fact that the petitioner is in custody for last more than 3 years and 7 months and the delay in trial is not attributable to him, he deserves to be enlarged on bail.
In support of his contentions, learned counsel placed reliance on the order dated 13.07.2023 passed by Hon’ble the Supreme Court in the case of Rabi Prakash vs. The State of Odisha (Special Leave to Appeal (Crl.) No.4169/2023) , wherein Hon’ble the Supreme Court held as under:-
“3. We are informed that the trial has commenced but only 1 out of the 19 witnesses has been examined. The conclusion of trial will, thus, take some more time.
Per contra , learned Public Prosecutor has vehemently opposed the bail application and submitted that petitioner is facing trial for the offences under the NDPS Act and, therefore, the
[2024:RJ-JD:23027]
[CRLMB-1466/2024]
(3 of 7)
present bail application deserves to be rejected straightway. Learned Public Prosecutor, however, was not in position to refute the fact that in last 3 years and 7 months, out of total 25 cited prosecution witnesses, only 2 witnesses have been examined till date.
Heard learned counsel for the petitioner and the learned Public Prosecutor. Perused the material available on record.
Hon’ble the Supreme Court in the case of Union of India
Vs. K.A. Najeeb reported in (2021) 3 SCC 713 , while dealing with the cases where fetters are placed on Court’s power to grant bail and the trial has not been completed within a reasonable time, observed as under:
vs. State of Rajasthan (S.B. Criminal Misc. II Bail Application No.14958/2022) , vide order dated 17.03.2023,
also observed as follows:
[2024:RJ-JD:23027]
[CRLMB-1466/2024]
(4 of 7)
No.5617/2021], Kulwant Singh Vs. State of Punjab [Special Leave to Appeal (Criminal) No.5187/2019], Ghanshyam Sharma Vs. State of Rajasthan [Special Leave to Appeal (Criminal) No.5397/2019], Nadeem Vs. State of UP [Special Leave to Appeal (Criminal) No.1524/2022] and Mukesh Vs. The State of Rajasthan [Special Leave to Appeal (Criminal) No.4089/2021] has granted bail to the accused persons, against whom the allegations are of transporting or possessing narcotic contraband above commercial quantity, on the ground of custody period and taking into consideration the fact that the trial against the said accused persons will take time in completion. The Hon’ble Supreme Court has ordered for release of the accused persons who were in custody from two years to four years. Learned Public Prosecutor has opposed the bail application.
Having regard to the totality of the facts and circumstances of the case, I deem it appropriate to allow this fifth bail application solely on the ground of custody period of the accused petitioner and keeping in view the fact that the trial against him has not been completed till date.
Accordingly, without expressing any opinion on the merits of the case, this third bail application filed under Section 439 Cr.P.C. is allowed and it is directed that petitioner Umesh Vyas S/o Shri Ganeshlal Ji shall be released on bail in connection with FIR No.15/2019 of Police Station Charbhuja, District Rajsamand provided he executes a personal bond in a sum of Rs.50,000/- with two sound and solvent sureties of Rs.25,000/each to the satisfaction of learned trial court for his appearance before that court on each and every date of hearing and whenever called upon to do so till the completion of the trial.”
Similarly, in the case of Suraj vs. State of Rajasthan (S.B.
Cr. Misc. Second Bail Application No.12906/2022) , decided on 27.08.2022, a Coordinate Bench of this Court at Jaipur, while granting bail to accused-petitioner where contraband recovered was above commercial quantity and the accused had suffered custody for a considerable period of time and the trial was likely to take more time to conclude, has held as under:
The Apex Court has also upheld orders of High Courts granting bail to accused-petitioners, where alleged contraband
(5 of 7)
[2024:RJ-JD:23027]
[CRLMB-1466/2024]
was above commercial quantity, looking to the fact that they had suffered imprisonment for a considerable period of time and the trial was likely to take further more time to conclude. In Amit Singh Moni Vs. State of Himachal Pradesh (Criminal Appeal No. 668 of 2020), the recovered contraband material ‘charas’ weighed 3285 gms which was above the demarcated commercial quantity for charas, but Hon’ble the Supreme Court decided that the appellant was entitled to the benefit of bail vide order dated 12.10.2020 as he had completed more than 2 years and 7 months of actual custody and there had been no substantial progress in the trial. In Mahmood Kurdeya Vs. Narcotics Control Bureau (Criminal Appeal No. 1570 of 2021), the Apex Court had observed that they were persuaded to pass an order in favour of the appellant as the charge sheet had been filed on 23.09.2018 in that particular matter and still no charges were framed and the trial was yet to commence, therefore, despite the fact that the embargo contained under Section 37 was attracted in the case, the accused was enlarged on bail vide order dated 07.12.2021.
While striking a balance between the statutory bar contained under Section 37 of the NDPS Act and the fundamental right of the accused to get a speedy trial, this Court is of the firm view that an accused person cannot be kept in custody for an indefinite period till the trial is concluded and the presumption of innocence, a well-established principle of criminal jurisprudence, i.e. an accused is innocent until proven guilty, operates in the favour of the petitioner.”
Having considered the rival submissions, facts and circumstances of the case and having perused the material available on record, this Court prima facie does not find any material available on record indicating that the petitioner is using delay as a defence tactic. This Court also prima facie finds that no material is available on record indicating that the release of accused may create a ruckus in the society or that he will create such a situation where the prosecution witnesses will not come forward to depose against him or that he will otherwise hamper the evidence of prosecution in any manner. The prosecution has also not shown any apprehension that if the petitioner is released on bail then he will surely flee from justice and it will be difficult for the investigating agency to re-apprehend him, if need arises.
[2024:RJ-JD:23027]
[CRLMB-1466/2024]
(6 of 7)
This Court also prima facie finds the petitioner does not have any criminal antecedents and the co-accused Pintu (S.B. Cr. Misc. Bail Application No.7554/2021) has already been enlarged on bail by a coordinate Bench of this Court, vide order dated 19.07.2021.
In view of aforesaid discussion and considering the fact that the petitioner has suffered incarceration for about 3 years and 7 months and the criminal trial has hardly reached the half-way mark, without expressing any opinion on merits/demerits of the case, this Court is of the opinion that the bail application filed by the petitioner deserves to be accepted.
Accordingly, the third bail application under Section 439 Cr.P.C. is allowed and it is ordered that the accused-petitioner- Keshu Ram S/o Sh. Bheru Lal Banjara shall be enlarged on bail in connection with FIR No.109/2020 registered at Police Station Bassi, District Chittorgarh, provided he furnishes a personal bond in the sum of Rs.1,00,000/- with two sureties of Rs.50,000/- each to the satisfaction of the learned trial Judge for his appearance before the court concerned on all the dates of hearing as and when called upon to so.
In case, the petitioner remains absent on any date of hearing or makes an attempt to delay the trial by seeking unnecessary adjournments, it shall be taken as a misuse of concession of bail granted to him by this Court. The prosecution, in such a situation, shall be at liberty to move an application seeking cancellation of bail granted to the petitioner today by this Court .
(7 of 7)
[2024:RJ-JD:23027]
[CRLMB-1466/2024]
It is however, made clear that findings recorded/observations made above are for limited purposes of adjudication of bail application. The trial court shall not get prejudiced by the same.
(KULDEEP MATHUR),J
26-Tikam/-
3 issues framed by the court
Whether bail can be granted to an NDPS accused after prolonged incarceration where trial delay is not attributable to the accused despite Section 37 embargo.
Whether the fundamental right to speedy trial overrides the statutory restrictions under Section 37 of the NDPS Act in cases of excessive custody period.
Whether the petitioner has any material links to delay tactics or fleeing justice warranting bail refusal.
Colour shows how this judgement treated each authority
Rabi Prakash vs. The State of OdishaRelied on¶20
Rabi Prakash vs. The State of Odisha (SLP (Crl.) No.4169/2023)
Union of India vs. K.A. NajeebRelied on¶29
Union of India Vs. K.A. Najeeb (2021) 3 SCC 713 · Who else cites this
Umesh Vyas vs. State of RajasthanDistinguished¶32
Umesh Vyas vs. State of Rajasthan (S.B. Criminal Misc. II Bail Application No.14958/2022)
Abdul Majeed Lone vs. Union Territory of Jammu and KashmirReferred¶35
Abdul Majeed Lone Vs. Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir (SLP (Crl.) No.3961/2022)
Amit Singh Moni vs. State of Himachal PradeshReferred¶36
Amit Singh Moni Vs. State of Himachal Pradesh (Criminal Appeal No.668/2020)
Tapan Das vs. Union of IndiaReferred¶36
Tapan Das Vs. Union of India [SLP (Criminal) No.5617/2021]
Kulwant Singh vs. State of PunjabReferred¶36
Kulwant Singh Vs. State of Punjab [SLP (Criminal) No.5187/2019]
Ghanshyam Sharma vs. State of RajasthanReferred¶36
Ghanshyam Sharma Vs. State of Rajasthan [SLP (Criminal) No.5397/2019]
Nadeem vs. State of UPReferred¶36
Nadeem Vs. State of UP [SLP (Criminal) No.1524/2022]
Mukesh vs. The State of RajasthanReferred¶36
Mukesh Vs. The State of Rajasthan [SLP (Criminal) No.4089/2021]
Suraj vs. State of RajasthanRelied on¶43
Suraj vs. State of Rajasthan (S.B. Cr. Misc. Second Bail Application No.12906/2022)
Mahmood Kurdeya vs. Narcotics Control BureauReferred¶51
Mahmood Kurdeya Vs. Narcotics Control Bureau (Criminal Appeal No. 1570 of 2021)
3 provisions across 2 enactments
Keshu Ram S/o Sh. Bheru Lal Banjara
State Of Rajasthan
KULDEEP MATHUR
As recorded by the court registry
Judgements on the same questions, provisions and authorities, from every court
