Allowed

Chandan v. State of Rajasthan

Rajasthan HC9 May 2024CRLMB/13621/2023

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

High Court allowed bail to an accused facing NDPS charges involving commercial quantity of ganja (3.5kg). Court held that Section 37 NDPS Act mandates strict scrutiny regarding non-guilt and lack of further offence risk, which the High Court failed to establish, despite length of custody. Preliminary hearing deemed insufficient. Order remanded application.

What did the court decide?

Bail application allowed; impugned bail order remanded for proper hearing under NDPS Act provisions.

Chandan Vs State of Rajasthan — Narcotics (NDPS) | Rajasthan HC (2024)

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[2024:RJ-JD:20645]

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HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR

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S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 13621/2023

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Chandan S/o Bhanwar Lal Ji Sharma, Aged About 20 Years, R/o Srinagar (Mahuwa), Kachola P.s., Tehsil Mandalgarh, Dist. Bhilwara.

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(Lodged In Sub Jail, Begu)

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----Petitioner

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Versus

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State Of Rajasthan, Through Pp

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----Respondent

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For Petitioner(s) : Mr. BR Bishnoi For Respondent(s) : Mr. Arun Kumar, PP

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HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT

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Order

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Order Reserved on 01/05/2024 Date of Pronouncement 09/05/2024

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01izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnu dh vksj ls tekur dk ;g vkosnu i= vUrxZr /kkjk 439 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk] iqfyl Fkkuk ikjlksyh] ftyk fpÙkkSM+x<+ esa ntZ izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 86@2023] vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 8@18 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds ekeys esa tekur ij fjgk fd, tkus dh izkFkZuk ds lkFk izLrqr gqvk gSA

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02la{ksi esa ekeys ds rF; bl izdkj ls gS fd fnukad 11-07-2023 dks Fkkukf/kdkjh egsUnz flag] mifujh{kd] iqfyl Fkkuk ikjlksyh e; tkIrk le; 8%05 ih,e ij Fkkus ls x'r ds fy, jokuk gq;sA le; 8-45 ih,e ij ukdkcanh 'kq: dh vkSj 9 ih,e ij jktiqjk dh rjQ ls ,d eksVjlkbfdy rst xfr ls vkrh gqbZ utj vkbZ] eksVjlkbfdy ij nks O;fDr cSBs Fks] tks iqfyl tkIrs dks ukdkcanh djrs ns[k eksVjlkbfdy dks jksM+ ij NksM+ jksM+ ds lkbZM esa fLFkr [ksrksa dh rjQ Hkkxus yxs] rc ?ksjk nsdj nksuksa dks idM+k] ftl ij iwNrkN djus ij eksVjlkbfdy pkyd }kjk viuk uke ckcwukFk o ihNs cSBs O;fDr us viuk uke panu gksuk crk;kA nksuksa O;fDr;ksa ds dCts'kqnk eksVjlkbfdy ij yxs cSx dh ryk'kh yh xbZ rks cSx ds vanj nks ikjn'khZ IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa esa dkyk] Hkwjk yphyk inkFkZ Hkjk gksuk vkSj nksuksa IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa dk eqag diM+s dh yhjh ls ca/kk gqvk FkkA nksuksa FkSfy;ksa ds eqag [kksydj ns[kk x;k rks nksuksa FkSfy;ksa ds vanj dkyk Hkwjk yphyk inkFkZ vQhe gksuk

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ik;k x;kA nksuksa ls iwNus ij FkSfy;ksa esa vQhe gksuk crk;k vkSj vuqKk i= ugha gksuk crk;kA bl izdkj vQhe dks dCts esa j[kdj ifjogu djus ij /kkjk 8@18 ,uMhih,l ,DV dk vijk/k ik;s tkus ij ekSds ij tCrh dh dk;Zokgh dh xbZ vkSj nksuksa FkSfy;ksa dks rksyus ij vQhe dk otu IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa lfgr 3 fdyks 500 xzke gqvk vkSj ;g vafdr fd;k fd Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh dh vf/klwpuk 23 fnlEcj] 2022 dh ikyuk esa Jheku~ eftLVªsV lkgc dh mifLFkfr esa fu;ekuqlkj okLrs jklk;fud tkap gsrq uewuk o daVªsy lSaiy fudkys tk;saxsA IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa dks iqu% mlh diM+s dh yhjh ls cka/kdj nksuksa FkSfy;ksa dks vyx&vyx lQsn diM+s dh FkSfy;ksa esa j[kdj flyfpV can dj ekdZ , vkSj ekdZ ch fn;k x;kA voS/k vQhe dks tfj;s QnZ tCr fd;k x;kA izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr o vU; lg&vfHk;qDr dks fxjQ~rkj fd;k x;k] oxSjk&oxSjk ij Fkkus esa igqapdj tCr'kqnk voS/k vQhe flyfpV'kqnk] eksckbZy o vfHk;qDrx.k dks gejk ys] eksVjlkbfdy dks dkfu- lhrkjke dks pykdj Fkkus ij ykus gsrq lqiqnZ dj gejk ys Fkkuk ikjlksyh jokuk gqvk vkSj Fkkus igqapdj ipkZ dk;eh ds vk/kkj ij izdj.k la[;k 86@2023] vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 8@18 ,uMhih,l ,DV esa ntZ fd;k x;kA tCr'kqnk vkfVZdy dks tfj;s QnZ /kkjk 55 ,uMhih,l ,DV ds rgr eky[kkuk izHkkjh Hkkjrflag dks lqiqnZ fd;k x;kA

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03cgl tekur vkosnu lquh rFkk miyC/k vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;kA

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04izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ;ksX; vf/koDrk dh vksj ls ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k gS fd bl ekeys esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks >wBk Qalk;k x;k gSA lg&vfHk;qDr cYyw mQZ cyoar flag dh tekur bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds vkns'k fnukad 18-09-2023 ds }kjk o vU; lg&vfHk;qDr n'kjFk catkjk dh tekur bl U;k;ky; ds vkns'k fnukad 12-09-2023 ds }kjk yh tk pqdh gSA izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr fnukad 11-07-2023 ls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa py jgk gSA bl ekeys esa vkjksi i= izLrqr gks pqdk gSA izdj.k ds fopkj.k esa le; yxus dh laHkkouk ls budkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk vkSj bl ekeys esa /kkjk 52, ,uMhih,l ,DV dh ikyuk ugha fd;s tkus ls vfHk;qDr izFke n`"V;k gh vijk/k dk nks"kh ugha Bgjk;k tk ldrkA bl ekeys esa /kkjk 37 ,uMhih,l ,DV dh viokfnr ifjfLFkfr;ka fo|eku gksuk crkrs gq;s izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks tekur ij fjgk fd, tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA

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05blds foijhr ;ksX; yksd vfHk;kstd us tekur ds izkFkZuk&i= dk l[r fojks/k djrs gq, ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k fd izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ls cjken vQhe dh ek=k okf.kfT;d ek=k ls vf/kd gS] ftl ij /kkjk 37 ,uMhih,l ,DV ds izko/kku ykxw gksrs gSaA vr% izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk tekur izkFkZuk i= [kkfjt fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA

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06eSaus mi;qZDr rdkZsa ij euu fd;k rFkk i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;kA bl ekeys esa fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk cjken vQhe dk dqy otu 3 fdyks 500 xzke gksus ls vQhe dh ek=k okf.kfT;d ek=k ls vf/kd gksus vkSj /kkjk 37 ,uMhih,l ,DV ds izko/kku bl ekeys esa ykxw gksuk ekurs gq, o izdj.k xaHkhj izdfr dk gksuk crkrs gq;s tekur dk izkFkZuk i= [kkfjt fd;k x;k gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bl ekeys esa loZizFke /kkjk 37 ,uMhih,l ,DV ds izko/kku vkSj ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky;ksa ds U;kf;d n"Vkarksa dk mYys[k bl ekeys esa fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr gSA /kkjk 37 ¼1½¼ch½ ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV esa fuEukuqlkj izko/kku fd;k x;k gS fd%&

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"37. Offences to be cognizable and nonbailable.—

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(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974),

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(a) ------

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(b) no person accused of an offence punishable for [offences under Section 19 or Section 24 or Section 27A and also for offences involving commercial quantity] shall be released on bail or on his own bond unless—

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(i) the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity to oppose the application for such release, and

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(ii) where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail."

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07ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa Hkkjr la?k cuke jkeleq> o vU; 1999 ¼9½ ,l-lh-lh- 429] Union of India Vs Rattan Mallik @ Habul 2009 ¼2½ ,l-lh-lh- 624] Hkkjr la?k cuke fu;ktqnhu] ,l- ds- ,oa vU; 2018 ¼13½ ,l-lh-lh- 738 o State of Kerala Vs Rajesh ¼2020½ 12 ,l-lh-lh122 esa /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV dh O;k[;k dh xbZ gS vkSj ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd /kkjk 37 ¼1½¼ch½¼ii½ esa tks viokn fn, x, gSa] mlds fy, fjtuscy xzkm.M gksuk vko';d gSA mlh voLFkk esa tekur ij fjgk fd;k tk ldrk gS vU;Fkk tekur ij fjgk ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

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08mDr U;kf;d n`"Vkrksa ds vykok ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k dh ihB ds fu.kZ; Narcotics Control Bureau Versus Mohit Aggarwal, AIR 2022 S.C. 3444 ds ekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre

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U;k;ky; ds iwoZ ds rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k dh ihB ds fu.kZ; Collector of Customs, New Delhi Vs. Ahmadalieva Nodir (2004) 3 SCC 549 o ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds State of Kerala Vs Rajesh (2020)12 SCC 122 ij fopkj djrs gq, iSjk la[;k 11] 14] 15 o 18 esa fuEukuqlkj mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k gS %&

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11. It is evident from a plain reading of the nonobstante clause inserted in sub-section (1) and the conditions imposed in sub-section (2) of Section 37 that there are certain restrictions placed on the power of the Court when granting bail to a person accused of having committed an offence under the NDPS Act. Not only are the limitations imposed under Section 439 of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 to be kept in mind, the restrictions placed under clause (b) of sub-section (1) of Section 37 are also to be factored in. The conditions imposed in subsection (1) of Section 37 is that (i) the Public Prosecutor ought to be given an opportunity to oppose the application moved by an accused person for release and (ii) if such an application is opposed, then the Court must be satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the person accused is not guilty of such an offence. Additionally, the Court must be satisfied that the accused person is unlikely to commit any offence while on bail.

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14. To sum up, the expression “reasonable grounds” used in clause (b) of Sub-Section (1) of Section 37 would mean credible, plausible and grounds for the Court to believe that the accused person is not guilty of the alleged offence. For arriving at any such conclusion, such facts and circumstances must exist in a case that can persuade the Court to believe that the accused person would not have committed such an offence. Dove-tailed with the aforesaid satisfaction is an additional consideration that the accused person is unlikely to commit any offence while on bail.

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15. We may clarify that at the stage of examining an application for bail in the context of the Section 37 of the Act, the Court is not

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required to record a finding that the accused person is not guilty. The Court is also not expected to weigh the evidence for arriving at a finding as to whether the accused has committed an offence under the NDPS Act or not. The entire exercise that the Court is expected to undertake at this stage is for the limited purpose of releasing him on bail. Thus, the focus is on the availability of reasonable grounds for believing that the accused is not guilty of the offences that he has been charged with and he is unlikely to commit an offence under the Act while on bail.

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18. In our opinion the narrow parameters of bail available under Section 37 of the Act, have not been satisfied in the facts of the instant case. At this stage, it is not safe to conclude that the respondent has successfully demonstrated that there are reasonable grounds to believe that he is not guilty of the offence alleged against him, for him to have been admitted to bail. " The length of the period of his custody or the fact that the charge-sheet has been filed and the trial has commenced are by themselves not considerations that can be treated as persuasive grounds for granting relief to the respondent under Section 37 of the NDPS Act."

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09blh izdkj ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Union of India Versus Ajay Kumar Singh alias Pappu, Criminal Appeal No. 952 of 2023 Decided on March 28, 2023 [2023] 2 Supreme 755 esa Hkh /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds izko/kkuksa ij fopkj djrs vihy Lohdkj dh xbZ vkSj iSjk la[;k 14] 16 o 17 esa fuEukuqlkj mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k %&

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This apart, it is noticed that the High Court, in passing the impugned order of bail, had lost sight of Section 37 of the NDPS Act, which, inter alia , provides that no person accused of an offence involving commercial quantity shall be released on bail unless the twin conditions laid down therein are satisfied, namely, (i) the public prosecutor has been given an opportunity to

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oppose the bail application; and (ii) the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such an offence and that he is not likely to commit any such offence while on bail.

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In view of the above provisions, it is implicit that no person accused of an offence involving trade in commercial quantity of narcotics is liable to be released on bail unless the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such an offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.

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The quantity of “ganja” recovered is admittedly of commercial quantity. The High Court has not recorded any finding that the respondent-accused is not prima facie guilty of the offence alleged and that he is not likely to commit the same offence when enlarged on bail rather his antecedents are indicative that he is a regular offender. In the absence of recording of such satisfaction by the court, we are of the opinion that the High Court manifestly erred in enlarging the respondent-accused on bail.

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10ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius uohure U;kf;d n`"Vkar STATE By The Inspector Of Police Vs. B. Ramu Criminal Appeal No. 801 OF 2024 Date of Judgment February 12, 2024. [2024] 0 Supreme (SC) 130 ds ekeys esa Hkh /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV dh /kkjk ij fopkj djrs gq, enzkl mPp U;k;ky; dh ,dyihB }kjk ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds ekeys esa varxZr /kkjk 438 lhvkj-ih-lh- vfxze tekur ij fjgk djus ds vkns'k ds fo:) vihy Lohdkj djrs gq, iSjk la[;k 9] 11 o 12 esa fuEukuqlkj mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k gS %&

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A plain reading of statutory provision makes it abundantly clear that in the event, the Public

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Prosecutor opposes the prayer for bail either regular or anticipatory, as the case may be, the Court would have to record a satisfaction that there are grounds for believing that the accused is not guilty of the offence alleged and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.

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In case of recovery of such a huge quantity of narcotic substance, the Courts should be slow in granting even regular bail to the accused what to talk of anticipatory bail more so when the accused is alleged to be having criminal antecedents.

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For entertaining a prayer for bail in a case involving recovery of commercial quantity of narcotic drug or psychotropic substance, the Court would have to mandatorily record the satisfaction in terms of the rider contained in Section 37 of the NDPS Act.

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11ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Satender Kumar Antil Vs. CBI & Anr AIR 2022 SC 3386 esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds iwoZ ds U;kf;d n`"Vkar Union of India Vs. K.A. Najeeb, (2021) 3 SCC 713 o Supreme Court Legal Aid Committee Vs. Union of India (1994) 6 SCC 731 ds vk/kkj ij fofHkUu dSVsxjht ds vijk/kksa ds laca/k esa /kkjk 436, lhvkj-ih-lh- ds izko/kkuksa ij fopkj fd;k x;k vkSj dSVsxjh ^lh* Lis'ky ,DV tSls NDPS (S.37), PMLA (S.45), UAPA (S.43D(5), Companies Act, 212(6), vkfn ekeyksa ds laca/k esa iSjk la[;k 64 esa fuEukuqlkj foospu fd;k x;k gS %&

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Now we shall come to category (C). We do not wish to deal with individual enactments as each special Act has got an objective behind it, followed by the rigor imposed. The general principle governing delay would apply to these categories also. To make it clear, the provision contained in Section 436A of the Code would apply to the Special Acts also in the absence of any specific provision. For example, the rigor as provided under Section 37 of the NDPS Act would not come in the way in such a case as we are dealing with the liberty of a person. We do feel that more the rigor, the quicker the adjudication ought to be. After all, in these types of cases number of witnesses would be very less

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and there may not be any justification for prolonging the trial. Perhaps there is a need to comply with the directions of this Court to expedite the process and also a stricter compliance of Section 309 of the Code.

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12mDr U;kf;d n`"Vkar ds i'pkr ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Mohd. Muslim alias Hussain Versus State (NCT of Delhi) Criminal Appeal No. 943 of 2023 Date of Judgment 28-03-2023 (AIR 2023 (SC) 1648) ds ekeys esa vfHk;qDr tks fd 23 o"kZ dh vk;q dk fxjQrkjh ds le; Fkk] vkSj fnukad 28-09-2015 dks 4 eqfYteksa] ftlesa ls ,d furs'k ,dk Hkh Fkk] ls xkatk dh cjkenxh gqbZ Fkh vkSj ;kph dks furs'k ,dk ds c;ku ds vk/kkj ij fxjQrkj fd;k x;k Fkk] bl vk/kkj ij 7 o"kZ 4 ekg dh U;kf;d vfHkj{kk dh vof/k gksus vkSj 30 xokgksa ds c;ku gksus o 34 xokgksa ds c;ku gksuk 'ks"k ekuk x;k vkSj lrsUnz dqekj vafry okys ekeys ij fopkj djrs gq, /kkjk 436, lhvkj-ih-lh- ds izko/kku ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds ekeys esa ykxw gksuk ekurs gq, tekur ij fjgk fd;k x;kA

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13iwoZ esa mfYyf[kr ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa ds ifjis{; esa /kkjk 37 ¼1½¼ch½ ds rgr ;ksX; yksd vfHk;kstd }kjk tekur dk fojks/k djus dh lwjr esa tekur ds izkFkZuk&i= ij fopkj djrs gq, U;k;ky; vkjksih O;fDr dks rHkh tekur ns ldrk gS tc og larq"V gks fd ;g fo'okl djus ds fy, mfpr vk/kkj gSa fd og bl rjg ds vijk/k dk nks"kh ugha gS vkSj tekur ij jgrs gq,] mlds }kjk dksbZ vijk/k djus dh laHkkouk ugha gSA ;s nksuksa 'krsZa iwjh ugha gksus ij tekur ij fjgk ugha fd;k tk ldrkA bl vk/kkj ij fd vfHk;qDr ds fo:) pkyku is'k gks pqdk gS ;k vfHk;qDr dkQh le; ls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa py jgk gS] vfHk;qDr tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA ijarq ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds lrsUnz dqekj vafry okys ekeys ds vk/kkj ij /kkjk 436, lhvkj-ih-lhds izko/kku izdj.k esa ykxw gksus dh voLFkk esa tekur ij fjgk fd;s tkus ij fopkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA /kkjk 37 ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV esa gh ;g vafdr fd;k x;k gS fd /kkjk 19] ;k /kkjk 24 ;k /kkjk 27, ds lacaf/kr vijk/k o ,sls ekeys] ftlesa okf.kfT;d ek=k ds vkfVZdy cjken gq, gSa] mu ekeyksa esa /kkjk 37 ¼1½ ¼ch½ ,u-Mhih-,l- ,DV ds izko/kku ykxw gksaxsA

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14vr% iwoZ esa of.kZr fof/kd fLFkfr dks en~nsutj j[krs gq, gLrxr ekeys ij fopkj fd;k x;kA gLrxr ekeys esa ;kph dh vksj ls /kkjk 436, lhvkj-ih-lh- ds eqrkfcd tekur dh izkFkZuk ugha dh xbZ gS] cfYd eq[; :i ls bl vk/kkj ij

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vfHk;qDr dks tekur ij fjgk fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh gS fd lg&vfHk;qDr cYyw mQZ cyoar flag o n'kjFk catkjk dh tekur yh tk pqdh gS vkSj cYyw mQZ cyoar flag dk eky gh izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds }kjk ys tkus dk bl ekeys esa vkjksi gS vkSj bl ekeys esa /kkjk 52¼,½ ,uMhih,l ,DV ds izko/kku dh ikyuk ugha dh xbZ gSA bl vk/kkj ij tekur ij fjgk fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k vkSj bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds }kjk tekur izkFkZuk i=ksa esa ikfjr fd;s x;s vkns'kksa dh vksj /;ku vkdf"kZr fd;kA

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15bl ekeys esa loZizFke /kkjk 37 ¼1½¼ch½ ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV ds izko/kkukuqlkj bl ekeys esa tks rF; gS] ml ij fopkj fd;k tk jgk gSA izdj.k ds rF;ksa ls ;g fo'okl djus ds fy, mfpr vk/kkj gS fd vfHk;qDr bl rjg ds vijk/k dk nks"kh ugha gS] ml voLFkk esa gh tekur ij fjgk fd;k tk ldrk gSA gLrxr ekeys esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa gh Li"V gS fd izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr o lg&vfHk;qDr ckcwukFk ekSds ij fxjQ~rkj gq, gSa vkSj izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr eksVjlkbfdy ds ihNs cSBk gksuk vkSj lg&vfHk;qDr ckcwukFk dk eksVjlkbfdy pyk jgs gksuk vkSj iqfyl ukdkcanh dks ns[kdj eksVjlkbfdy NksM+dj Hkkxus dh dksf'k'k djuk vkSj ftudks ekSds ij idM+k tkuk vkSj tkap djus ij eksVjlkbfdy ij yxs cSx dh ryk'kh ysus ij cSx ds vanj nks ikjn'khZ IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa esa dkyk] Hkwjk yphyk inkFkZ gksuk vkSj nksuksa IykfLVd dh FkSfy;ksa dk eqag diM+s dh yhjh ls ca/kk gqvk FkkA nksuksa FkSfy;ksa ds eqag [kksydj ns[kk x;k rks nksuksa FkSfy;ksa ds vanj dkyk Hkwjk yphyk inkFkZ vQhe gksuk ik;k x;k vkSj ifjogu dj ys tkus dk dksbZ vuqKk i= ugha gksuk] izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr o lg&vfHk;qDr }kjk Lohdkj fd;k tkuk vafdr fd;k x;k gS vkSj dqy otu 03 fdyks 500 xzke ekSds ij ik;k x;k vkSj ekSds ij bl ekeys esa lSaiy ugha ysdj Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh dh vf/klwpuk fnukafdr 23-12-2022 dh ikyuk esa eftLVªsV ds le{k lSaiy fy;s tkus dk mYys[k djrs gq;s ekSds ij lhy piM+h dj QnZ tCrh rS;kj dh xbZ] tks QnZ tCrh vkjksi i= ds lkFk layXu gSA

¶77

16,slh voLFkk esa izFke n`"V;k gh ekSds ls vfHk;qDr o lg&vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls okf.kfT;d ek=k ls vf/kd ek=k dh vQhe cjken gksuk Li"V gSA ;g vQhe fdldh Fkh] fdlds }kjk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks nh xbZ] fdldks vkxs lIykbZ djuh Fkh] bl fo"k; ij bl LVst ij fopkj fd;s tkus dk dksbZ vkSfpR; ugha gSA vc bl ekeys esa vkjksi i= izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr o lg&vfHk;qDr ds fo#) tuojh] 2024 esa is'k gks pqdk gSA bl ekeys esa ekSds ij izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks 11 tqykbZ] 2023 dks fxjQrkj fd;k x;k Fkk] vHkh ,d o"kZ dk le; gh vfHk;qDr dh fxjQrkjh dk ugha gqvk gS

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vkSj izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ij vkjksfir vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 8@18 ,uMhih,l ,DV esa 18ch esa vkrk gS] ftlesa 20 o"kZ rd dh ltk dk izko/kku gSA

¶82

17,slh voLFkk esa /kkjk 436, naM izfØ;k lafgrk ds izko/kku izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr ds ekeys esa ykxw ugha gksrs vkSj u gh izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls bl ckcr~ izkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bl ekeys esa /kkjk 37 ¼1½¼ch½ ,u-Mhih-,l- ,DV dh viokfnr ifjfLFkfr;ka fo|eku ugha gSA

¶83

18tgka rd fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr fd;s bl rdZ dk iz'u gS fd bl ekeys esa /kkjk 52¼,½ ,uMhih,l ,DV dh ikyuk ugha dh xbZ gS] bl laca/k esa /kkjk 52, o /kkjk 76 ,uMhih,l ,DV ds vk/kkj ij Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Seizure, Storage, Sampling and Disposal) Rules 2022] tks Hkkjr ljdkj ds jkti= vlk/kkj.k Hkkx II [kaM 3 mi[kaM ¼i½ ds vuqlkj 23 fnlEcj] 2022 dks foRr ea=ky;] jktLo foHkkx }kjk vf/klwpuk tkjh gqbZ gS] ftlds eqrkfcd v/;k; III esa uewuk ysus ds ckcr~ izko/kku fd;s x;s gSa] ftlesa fu;e 8 esa tCr dh xbZ lkexzh dks fudVre iqfyl Fkkus ds izHkkjh vf/kdkjh ;k vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 53 ds rgr vf/kdkj izkIr vf/kdkjh] ;fn vf/kdkjh Lo;a gS rks QkeZ 4 esa ekyksa dh ,d lwph rS;kj djus vkSj /kkjk 52, dh mi/kkjk 2 ds v/khu QkeZ 5 esa ;Fkk'kh?kz eftLVªsV ds ;gka vkosnu djus dk izko/kku fd;k x;k gS vkSj fu;e 9 esa eftLVªsV dh mifLFkfr esa uewus fy;s tkus dk mYys[k gSA

¶84

19uewus ysus ds laca/k esa fu;e 10 esa ;g vafdr fd;k x;k gS fd tCr fd;s x;s izR;sd iSdsV vkSj daVsuj ls nks izfr;ksa esa ,d uewuk fy;k tk;sxk vkSj vU; izko/kku fu;e 10 esa fd;s x;s gSa vkSj fu;e 11 esa fudkyh tkus okyh ek=k dk mYys[k gS vkSj fu;e 12 esa uewus ds Hk.Mkj.k dk mYys[k gSa vkSj fu;e 13 esa ijh{k.k ds fy, uewus ds izs"k.k dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS] ftlesa eftLVªsV }kjk izekf.kr fd;s tkus ds ckn uewuk fdlh jklk;fud fo'ys"k.k ds fy, jkT; QkWjsafld foKku iz;ksx'kkyk vkSj vU; iz;ksx'kkyk esa ftldk Hkh ekeyk gks] fcuk fdlh foyEc ds Hksts tkus dk mYys[k gS vkSj fu;e 14 esa jklk;fud iz;ksx'kkyk dks uewuk izkfIr dh rkjh[k ds 15 fnuksa ds Hkhrj tkap fd;s tkus dk mYys[k gS vkSj fu;e 15 esa MqIyhdsV uewuk vkSj uewus ds vo'ks"k ds ckjs esa mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA

¶85

20fu;e 29 esa fujlu ,oa O;ko`fÙk;ksa ds ckjs esa mYys[k gS] ftlds eqrkfcd ukjdksfVDl daVªksy C;wjks }kjk tkjh LFkkbZ vkns'k la[;k 1@88 fnukad 15-03-1988] 2@88 fnukad 11-04-1988] 1@89 fnukad 13-06-1989 tks Hkkjr ljdkj

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ds jkti= esa 16-01-15 dh vf/klwpuk esa izdkf'kr gSa] bu lHkh dks fujLr dj fn;k x;k gSA

¶90

21bl izdkj 23 fnlEcj] 2022 dks tkjh vf/klwpuk ds i'pkr~ fdl izdkj ls uewus dh dk;Zokgh dh tk;sxh] mldk foLrr mYys[k fd;k x;k gS vkSj gLrxr ekeys esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa gh Hkkjr ljdkj dh 23 fnlEcj] 2022 dh vf/klwpuk ds eqrkfcd uewuk eftLVªsV ds le{k fy;k tk;sxk] mYysf[kr fd;k x;k gS vkSj vkjksi i= ds lkFk izLrqr QnZ ckcr~ uewuk] daVªksy lSaiy o uewuk lhy voS/k vQhe fnukad 02-08-2023 dks le; 5 ih,e ij U;k;ky; ifjlj ,lhts,e csaxw] ftyk fpÙkkSM+x<+ esa uewuk esa /kkjk 52, dh dk;Zokgh fd;s tkus dk mYys[k gSa] ftlesa eftLVªsV }kjk izek.ku /kkjk 52, dh mi/kkjk 3 ds rgr fd;k x;k gS vkSj iqfyl Fkkuk ikjlksyh }kjk fnukad 21-08-2023 dks iqfyl v/kh{kd dks ,Q,l,y esa vkfVZdy Hkstus gsrq fuosnu fd;k x;k vkSj fnukad 21-08-2023 dks vfrfjDr funs'kd {ks=h; fof/k foKku iz;ksx'kkyk] mn;iqj dks dk;kZy; iqfyl v/kh{kd ftyk fpÙkkSM+x<+ }kjk i= fy[kdj ,Q,l,y esa Hkstk x;k] ftldh jlhn fnukad 22-08-2023 vkjksi i= ds lkFk izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bl ekeys esa fu;e 2022 ds eqrkfcd izFke n"V;k eftLVªsV ds le{k /kkjk 52, ds rgr uewuk fy;s tkus vkSj ,Q-,l-,yesa ogh uewuk Hksts tkus dh dk;Zokgh dh tkuk izrhr gksrk gSA bl LVst ij /kkjk 52, ds ckjs esa foLrr foospu fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr ugha gSA ,slh voLFkk esa /kkjk 52, dh ikyuk ugha gksus dk tks vk/kkj cgl ds nkSjku fy;k x;k] og izFke n"V;k pyus ;ksX; ugha gS vkSj bl LVst ij /kkjk 52, dh ikyuk ugha gksus ds vk/kkj ij Hkh izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA

¶91

22fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds }kjk S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous II^nd Bail Application No. 6624/2023, lqfuy dqekj cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 15-06-2023] S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 1336/2022, egs'k cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 23-05-2023 esa fopkj.k esa foyEc gksus ds vk/kkj ij tekur dk izkFkZuk i= Lohdkj fd;k x;k gS] tcfd gLrxr ekeys esa fopkj.k ds foyEc gksus dk iz'u gh ugha gS] ek= ,d o"kZ ls de dh vof/k izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks fxjQ~rkj fd;s gqbZ gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bu tekur izkFkZuk i= esa ikfjr vkns'k dk dksbZ ykHk izkIr djus dk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr vf/kdkjh ugha gSA

¶92

23blds vfrfjDr ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ;ksa dk iwoZ esa mYys[k fd;k x;k gS] ftlesa Narcotics Control Bureau Versus Mohit Aggarwal

¶93

(12 of 15) [CRLMB-13621/2023]

¶94

[2024:RJ-JD:20645]

¶95

¼iwoksZDr½ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k dh ihB ds fu.kZ; Collector of Customs, New Delhi Vs. Ahmadalieva Nodir ¼iwokZDr½ okys ekeys o State of Kerala Vs Rajesh ¼iwokZDr½ ds ekeyksa ij fopkj djrs gq,] tks fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;s x;s gSa] mlesa iSjk la[;k 18 ds var esa ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd %&

¶96

" The length of the period of his custody or the fact that the charge-sheet has been filed and the trial has commenced are by themselves not considerations that can be treated as persuasive grounds for granting relief to the respondent under Section 37 of the NDPS Act."

¶97

24bl fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, Hkh dsoy ek= fopkj.k esa foyEc ds vk/kkj ij tekur dk ykHk fn;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr izrhr ugha gksrk gSA

¶98

25fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds }kjk S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 4075/2023, latho dqekj cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 23-06-2023 o S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 7781/2023, esxk jke oxSjk cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 21-06-2023 ds ekeys esa Poppy Straw dh ek=k ekftZuyh vf/kd gksus ds vk/kkj ij tekur ij fjgk fd;k x;k FkkA gLrxr ekeys esa 3 fdyks 500 xzke FkSyh lfgr otu vQhe dk ik;k x;k gS] mlds vU;Fkk Hkh /kkjk 37, ds izko/kku okf.kfT;d ek=k ds ekeys esa ykxw gksrs gSa vkSj ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds iwoZ esa of.kZr fu.kZ;ksa ds ifjis{; esa dsoy bl vk/kkj ij fd ekftZuyh ek=k vf/kd gS] izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA

¶99

26fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds }kjk S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 2753/2023, eksguyky cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 10-05-2023 ds ekeys esa vfHk;qDr dk ckn tkap izFke n`"V;k ,p-vkbZ-oh- ikWftVho gksuk ik;k x;k Fkk] ml voLFkk esa Humanitarian ground ds vk/kkj ij led{k ihB }kjk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks tekur ij fjgk fd;k x;k Fkk] ftldk dksbZ ykHk gLrxr ekeys esa izkIr djus dk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr vf/kdkjh ugha gSA

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27fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds }kjk S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 578/2018, fnus'k dqekj cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 04-05-2018] S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 2852/2021, HkkxhjFk cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 12-07-2021] S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 7194/2023, Hkhdk jke cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 21-09-2023] S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 9454/2023, jkepUnz cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 27-09-2023] S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous III Bail Application No. 8738/2023, yknq jke cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 02-11-2023 esa Standing Order No. 1@1988 fnukafdr 15-03-1988 ds vk/kkj ij ,Q-,l-,y- gsrq lSaiy 72 ?kaVs esa is'k ugha djus o vfHk;qDr dkQh le; ls U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa gksus dk vk/kkj fy;k x;k] tSlk fd iwoZ esa vafdr fd;k tk pqdk gS fd bl ekeys esa fu;e 2022 fnukad 23 fnlEcj] 2022 dks ykxw gks pqds gSa] mlds vuqlkj bl ekeys esa izFke n`"V;k dk;Zokgh dh tkuk izrhr gksrk gSA

¶104

28fu;e 2022 ds fu;e 29 ds eqrkfcd LFkkbZ vkns'k la[;k 1@88 fnukafdr 15-03-88 fujLr fd;k tk pqdk gSA bl ekeys esa LFkkbZ vkns'k la[;k 1@88 ykxw ugha gksrk gSA vr% bl vk/kkj ij fd ,Q,l,y esa lSaiy 72 ?kaVs esa is'k ugha fd;k] bl LVst ij tekur dk ykHk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks ugha fn;k tk ldrk] ;g fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds }kjk fopkj.k ds nkSjku gh foospu dj gh fu"d"kZ fudkyk tk ldrk gS fd lSEiy dh dk;Zokgh fo'oluh; gS vFkok ugha] bl LVst ij bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu"d"kZ fudkyus ls fopkj.k izHkkfor gksuk LokHkkfod gSA ,slh voLFkk esa dsoy ek= bl vk/kkj ij fd 72 ?kaVs esa ,Q,l,y esa lSaiy ugha Hksts tkus ls izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gS] lkFk gh bu ekeyksa esa fopkj.k esa gqbZ nsjh ds vk/kkj ij tekur ij fjgk fd;k x;k Fkk] gLrxr ekeys esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh ,d o"kZ dh vof/k gh U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa jgrs gq;s ugha gqbZ gSA fopkj.k esa dksbZ nsjh gksuk izFke n`"V;k izrhr ugha gksrk gS] vU;Fkk Hkh ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds iwoZ esa of.kZr fu.kZ;ksa ds vuqlkj dsoy ek= ,d o"kZ ls de dh vof/k U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa gksus ls izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA

¶105

29tgka rd fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds }kjk S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous 2^nd Bail

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Application No. 13070/2022, cUuk cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 04-04-2024 dk iz'u gS] bl ekeys esa /kkjk 52, dh ikyuk ugha gksus dk vk/kkj fy;k x;k Fkk] tcfd bl ekeys esa iwoZ esa of.kZrkuqlkj u;s fu;e] 2022 tks fnukad 23 fnlEcj] 2022 dks ykxw gq;s gSa] ds eqrkfcd gh /kkjk 52, dh dk;Zokgh izFke n`"V;k fd;k tkuk ik;k x;k gS vkSj bl ekeys esa vfHkj{kk dh vof/k nks lky ls vf/kd gks pqdh Fkh] ml vk/kkj ij Hkh tekur ij fjgk fd;k x;k Fkk] tcfd gLrxr ekeys esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dks U;kf;d vfHkj{kk esa ,d o"kZ dk le; Hkh ugha gqvk gS] bldk dksbZ ykHk izkIr djus dk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr vf/kdkjh ugha gSA

¶110

30tgka rd fo}ku vf/koDrk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds }kjk S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 8154/2023, ;qojkt 'kekZ cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 04-09-2023 dk iz'u gS] bl ekeys esa ;wfu;u vkWQ bafM;k cuke eksguyky o vU;] 2016 ¼3½ SCC 379 dk mYys[k djrs gq;s mlds eqrkfcd lSaiy ugha ysus ds vk/kkj ij tekur ij fjgk fd;k x;k Fkk] tcfd gLrxr ekeys esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ds eqrkfcd gh ekSds ij uewuk ugha fy;k x;k vkSj eftLVªsV ds le{k uewuk fy;s tkus dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS vkSj Hkkjr&ljdkj dh vf/klwpuk fnukad 23-12-2022 dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS vkSj bl ekeys esa iwoZ esa of.kZrkuqlkj /kkjk 52, dh dk;Zokgh fd;k tkuk izFke n`"V;k izrhr gksrk gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bl vkns'k dk Hkh dksbZ ykHk izkIr djus dk izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr vf/kdkjh ugha gSA

¶111

31iwoZ esa of.kZrkuqlkj gLrxr ekeyk okf.kfT;d ek=k dk gksus vkSj /kkjk 37 ,uMhih,l ,DV dh viokfnr ifjfLFkfr;ka fo|eku ugha gksus ls izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA

¶112

32tgka rd lg&vfHk;qDr n'kjFk catkjk dh tekur bl U;k;ky; }kjk fnukad 12-09-2023 dks fy;s tkus dk iz'u gS] ml ekeys esa /kkjk 37 ,uMhih,l ,DV dh viokfnr ifjfLFkfr;ka fo|eku gksuk ikbZ xbZ Fkh vkSj dksbZ dkWy fMVsy izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh lg&vfHk;qDrx.k ds lkFk gksuk ugha ikbZ xbZA bl vk/kkj ij lg&vfHk;qDr n'kjFk catkjk dks fjgk fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr cYyw mQZ cyoar flag dk tekur izkFkZuk i= S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 10959/2023 lg&vfHk;qDr n'kjFk catkjk dh tekur gksus ds vk/kkj ij led{k ihB ds vkns'k fnukad 18-09-2023 }kjk Lohdkj fd;k x;k FkkA ;s nksuksa gh cjkenxhLFky ij ekStwn ugha Fks vkSj led{k ihB }kjk cYyw mQZ cyoar flag dk ekeyk n'kjFk catkjk ds leku ekuk gSA

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33tgka rd 'kaHkwflag mQZ enuflag dh tekur bl U;k;ky; }kjk fy;s tkus dk iz'u gS] rks izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh tekur dk izkFkZuk i= bl U;k;ky; }kjk S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 3993/2024 ds vkns'k fnukad 16-04-2024 }kjk ysuk vkSj bldk ekeyk lg&vfHk;qDr n'kjFk catkjk dh tekur gks tkus ls /kkjk 37 ¼1½¼ch½ ,u-Mh-ih-,l- ,DV dh viokfnr ifjfLFkfr;ka fo|eku gksus ls tekur ij fjgk fd;k x;k FkkA ,slh voLFkk esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dk ekeyk rhuksa gh lg&vfHk;qDrx.k ls fHkUu gksus ls izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr tekur dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA ,slh voLFkk esa izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr tekur dk izkFkZuk i= [kkfjt fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA

¶117

34vr% izkFkhZ&vfHk;qDr pUnu dh vksj ls izLrqr tekur dk vkosnu i= vUrxZr /kkjk 439 naM izfØ;k lafgrk [kkfjt fd;k tkrk gSA

¶118

(YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT),J

¶119

9-GauravG/-

Chandan v. State of Rajasthan

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Chandan v. State of Rajasthan

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

A compact analysis

Issues for consideration

Cases cited

Statutes considered

Parties & counsel

Coram

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