Allowed

Raghunath v. State and Ors.

Rajasthan HC21 Sept 2023CRLR/883/2003

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

The High Court examined the Lower Court's acquittal under Section 341 CrPC regarding an insult to a Scheduled Caste petitioner. Analyzing judicial precedents, the Court emphasized that Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST Act requires the insult to occur within 'public view'. Finding no evidence that the incident was witnessed by the public, the Court upheld the acquittal.

What did the court decide?

The revision petition was allowed; the order acquitting the respondents under Section 341 CrPC was upheld; no observation was made on Section 341 IPC jointly.

Raghunath Vs State and Ors. — Caste Atrocities | Rajasthan HC (2023)

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[2023:RJ-JD:30978]

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HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR

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S.B. Criminal Revision Petition No. 883/2003

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Raghunath S/o Mangilal, B/c Chamar, R/o. Pratappura, Police Station Shahpura, District Bhilwara.

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----Petitioner

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Versus

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State of Rajasthan,

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Kailash S/o Bherulal,

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Ram Jas S/o kalyan,

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Both B/c Jats, R/o. Pratappura, Police Station Shahpura, District Bhilwara.

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----Respondents

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For Petitioner(s) : None Present For Respondent(s) : Mr. Mohd. Jawed Gouri, PP

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HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT

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Judgment

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Order Reserved on 13/09/2023 Date of Pronouncement 21/09/2023

¶16

1- fuxjkuhdrkZ }kjk ;g fuxjkuh fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; fof'k"B U;k;k/kh'k] vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ izdj.k] HkhyokM+k ds ls'ku izdj.k la[;k 41@2003] jktLFkku jkT; cuke dSyk'k oxSjk] vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 341] 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ,oa /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 01-09-2003 ls O;fFkr gksdj is'k dh xbZ gSA

¶17

2- la{ksi esa ekeys ds rF; bl izdkj gS fd fnukad 20-03-2003 dks fuxjkuhdrkZ&eqLrxhl j?kqukFk }kjk iqfyl mi&v/kh{kd] 'kkgiqjk ds le{k ,d fyf[kr nj[okLr is'k dh xbZ gS] tks Fkkukf/kdkjh] 'kkgiqjk dks Hksts tkus ij fnukad 08-04-2033 dks iqfyl Fkkuk 'kkgiqjk esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 96@2003] vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 341] 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk o /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e esa izdj.k ntZ fd;k x;kA

¶18

3- fuxjkuhdrkZ }kjk lkr eqyfteku ds fo#) tkfrlwpd xkfy;ka xkao okyksa ds lkeus fudkyus o viekfur djus dk vkjksi yxk;k x;k gS] ftlesa ckn

[2023:RJ-JD:30978]

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(2 of 8)

vuqla/kku xSj&fuxjkuhdrkZ la[;k 2 o 3 ds fo:) vkjksi&i= mDr /kkjkvksa esa fnukad 24-06-03 dks U;k;ky; ACJM, 'kkgiqjk ds le{k is'k gqvk] tgka ls dfeV gksdj fnukad 10-07-2003 dks fof'k"B U;k;k/kh'k] vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ izdj.k] HkhyokM+k ds U;k;ky; esa is'k gqvkA

¶23

4- fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk xSj&fuxjkuhdrkZ la[;k 2 o 3 ds fo#) mDr /kkjkvksa esa pktZ yxk;k tkdj fopkj.k fd;k x;kA fopkj.k ds nkSjku vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls dqy rhu xokgku ds c;ku djokdj lk{; lekIr ?kksf"kr dh xbZA xSj&fuxjkuhdrkZ@vfHk;qDrx.k ds /kkjk 313 naM izfØ;k lafgrk ds rgr c;ku fy, x,] ftlesa lk{; lQkbZ is'k djuk ugha pkgkA

¶24

5- cgl vafre lquh tkdj fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk xSj&fuxjkuhdrkZ la[;k 2 dSyk'k o 3 jketl dks /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk o /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e ds vkjksi ls nks"keqDr djkj fn;k x;k o /kkjk 341 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa nks"kh Bgjkrs gq, /kkjk 3 vijk/kh ifjoh{kk vf/kfu;e dk ykHk nsrs gq, izdj.k dk fuLrkj.k fd;k x;k] ftl fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj eqLrxhl }kjk ;g fuxjkuh izLrqr dh xbZ gSA

¶25

6- eqLrxhl&fuxjkuhdrkZ dh vksj ls viuh fuxjkuh esa ;g fuosnu fd;k fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk 'Public View' dk fof/klEer rjhds ls fuLrkj.k ugha fd;k x;k gS vkSj bl ekeys esa /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk o /kkjk 3 ¼ 1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e esa tks nks"keqfDr dh xbZ gS] og fujLr fd, tkus ;ksX; gSA bl ekeys esa xokg ih-MCY;w-2 yky [kka o ih-MCY;w-3 uokc [kka dh lk{; iqf"V Lo:i gS] ftl ij v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk xkSj ugha fd;k x;kA eqLrxhl }kjk ;g lk{; nh fd mldh csbTtrh ¼Insult½ gksus ls mls nnZ ¼Pain½ gqvk] ftlls /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dk vijk/k c[kwch lkfcr gS] ijUrq v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa xyr rjhds ls cjh fd;k x;k gS vkSj /kkjk 341 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa tks /kkjk 3 ifjoh{kk vf/kfu;e dk ykHk fn;k x;k gS] mls Hkh fujLr fd, tkus o leLr /kkjkvksa esa nks"kh Bgjkdj ltk ds naM ls nafMr fd, tkus dh izkFkZuk dh gSA

¶26

7- izdj.k cgl vafre dh LVst ij fnukad 13-09-2023 dks fu;r Fkk] ijUrq ml jkst+ fuxjkuhdrkZ dh vksj ls dksbZ mifLFkr ugha gqvk vkSj fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd dh cgl lquh tkdj fu.kZ; dks lqjf{kr j[kk x;kA

¶27

8- bl ekeys esa fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd dh cgl ij fopkj fd;k x;kA bl U;k;ky; dh i=koyh o v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dh i=koyh dk lko/kkuhiwoZd voyksdu fd;k x;kA

(3 of 8)

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9- bl ekeys esa xSj&fuxjkuhdrkZ dh vksj ls dksbZ ØkWl vihy ugha dh xbZ gSA ,slh voLFkk esa vfHk;qDrx.k dks tks /kkjk 341 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk nks"kfl) fd;k x;k gS] ml fu.kZ; ij fopkj ugha fd;k tkuk gSA vc bl ekeys esa /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa vfHk;qDrx.k dks tks nks"keqDr fd;k x;k gS] ml ij fopkj fd;k tk jgk gSA

¶32

10fyf[kr nj[okLr izn'kZ ih&1 ds vk/kkj ij izn'kZ ih&3 izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ ntZ dh xbZ gS] ftl fyf[kr nj[okLr esa dsoy xkyh&xykSp djus] tkfrlwpd xkyh nsus dk vkjksi gSA bl fjiksVZ esa Hkh fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ migfr dkfjr fd;k tkuk ugha crk;k x;k gSA U;k;ky; esa Hkh tks crkSj ih-MCY;w-01 eqLrxhl j?kqukFk }kjk lk{; nh xbZ gS] mlesa Hkh dsoy xkfy;ka fudkyuk crk;k vkSj fdlh izdkj dh ekjihV djuk ugha crk;k] ftjg esa ekjihV djus ckcr~ dksbZ dFku ugha vk;k gSA

¶33

11bl ekeys esa Lo;a eqLrxhl }kjk fdlh izdkj dh ekjihV djuk fyf[kr nj[okLr esa ugha crk;k vkSj u gh U;k;ky; esa vius l'kiFk c;ku esa crk;k gSA xokg ih-MCY;w-2 yky [kka }kjk ;g lk{; nh gS fd ekjihV /kDdk /kqe djus ls muds 'kjhj ij pksVsa vkbZ] ij fdl txg pksVsa vkbZ] lk{kh us ugha crk;k gSA blh izdkj xokg ih-MCY;w-3 uokc [kka us Hkh /kDdk eqDdh djus ls j?kqukFk ds eksgjksa esa yxuk crk;k gSA

¶34

12tc eqLrxhl }kjk Lo;a vius 'kjhj ij pksVsa vkuk ugha crk;k x;k gS vkSj p'enhn lk{kh dh lk{; eqLrxhl dh lk{; ds laiqf"V dkjd gh gksrh gS] eqLrxhl dh Lo;a dh lk{; esa dFku ugha gksus ls xokgksa dh lk{; ds vk/kkj ij ekjihV djus ds dFku ij fo'okl ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

¶35

13fuxjkuhdrkZ }kjk viuh fuxjkuh esa /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds laca/k esa ;g fy[kk x;k fd xokg us ;g Li"V dgk gS fd mldh csbTtrh djus ls mls nnZ gqvk] /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds vijk/k ds fy, /kkjk 319 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk lqlaxr gS] ftlds eqrkfcd tc dksbZ O;fDr LoSPNk ls fdlh dks pksV igqapkrk gS] rks mlls pksV igqapkus ds vijk/k dk nks"kh ekuk tk,xkA /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds vijk/k ds fy, pksV igqapkuk vko';d gS] 'kCnksa ls dgs x, dFkuksa ds vk/kkj ij /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds vijk/k ds fy, nks"kh ugha Bgjk;k tk ldrkA bl ekeys esa 'kjhj ij fdlh izdkj dh pksVsa dkfjr djuk eqLrxhl Lo;a } kjk ugha crk;k x;k gS] rks ,slh voLFkk esa v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa xSj&fuxjkuhdrkZ@vfHk;qDrx.k dSyk'k o jketl dks nks"keqDr djkj nsus dk fu.kZ; fof/kfo#) gksuk ugha ekuk tk ldrkA

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14tgka rd /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e dk iz'u gS] rks bl laca/k esa fof/kd fLFkfr ij fopkj fd;k tk jgk gSA 15ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk Hitesh Verma vs The State Of Uttarakhand decided on 5 November, 2020, [(2020)10 SCC 710] ds ekeys esa rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k dh ihB }kjk bl izko/kku ij fopkj fd;k x;k vkSj iSjk la[;k 11] 12] 13 o 14 esa fuEukuqlkj foospu fd;k x;k %&

¶40

It may be stated that the charge-sheet filed is for an offence under Section 3(1)(x) of the Act. The said section stands substituted by Act No. 1 of 2016 w.e.f. 26.1.2016. The substituted corresponding provision is Section 3(1)(r) which reads as under:

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“3(1)(r) intentionally insults or intimidates with intent to humiliate a member of a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe in any place within public view;”

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The basic ingredients of the offence under Section 3(1) (r) of the Act can be classified as “(1) intentionally insults or intimidates with intent to humiliate a member of a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe and (2) in any place within public view”.

¶43

The offence under Section 3(1)(r) of the Act would indicate the ingredient of intentional insult and intimidation with an intent to humiliate a member of a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe. All insults or intimidations to a person will not be an offence under the Act unless such insult or intimidation is on account of victim belonging to Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe. ---------

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Another key ingredient of the provision is insult or intimidation in “any place within public view”. What is to be regarded as “place in public view” had come up for consideration before this Court in the judgment reported as Swaran Singh & Ors. v. State through Standing Counsel & Ors.(2008) 8 SCC 435. The Court had drawn distinction between the expression “public place” and “in any place within public view”. It was held that if an offence is committed outside the building e.g. in a lawn outside a house, and the lawn can be seen by someone from the road or lane outside the boundary wall, then the lawn would certainly be a place within the public view. On the contrary, if the remark is made inside a building, but some members of the public are there (not merely relatives or friends) then it would not be an offence since it is not in the public view. ---------

¶45

16blh izdkj ekuuh; enzkl mPp U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Victor Paul & Another v/s State [(2002) MLJ (Crl.) 202], Crl. App. No. 234 of 1994 ds fu.kZ; fnukad 05-09-2001 esa /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e esa tks 'kCn 'Public View' vafdr

(5 of 8)

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fd;k x;k gS] mldk foospu fd;k x;k vkSj fofHkUu U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa dk mYys[k djrs gq, blesa fu"d"kZ fudkyk] tks fuEukuqlkj gS %&

¶50

The word 'public view' is not defined in the Act. The dictionary meaning of the word 'public' is 'Open to the people as a whole'. The dictionary meaning of the word 'view' is vision or sight as from a particular position. Reading these two meanings together in the context of the words 'public view', it only means that the public should have viewed the incident irrespective of the place where the offence is committed. The offence may be in a public place within 'public view' or in any other place within 'public view'. In either situation the essential element that requires to be established is that it was in 'public view'. The word 'public view' in the Section is preceded by the words 'in any place within'. Therefore, it is clear to my mind that insult or intimidation should be in a place within public view. There are a few judgments on this point and they are cited as hereunder:

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(a) In Karansingh v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1992) 3 Crl.L.J. 3054 it was held as follows:

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'5. From the material on record in the case diary, further it cannot be said that the incident took place at place within public view. The words used in the provision are in place within 'public view' and not in a 'public place'. There is clearly a distinction between an incident taking place within, public view and incident taking place within public place. The incident took place at about 11.00 p.m. on the spot and what transpired between them has not been alleged to have taken place within public view. In these circumstances, it cannot be said that all the ingredients of offence under Sec. 3(1)(x) of the Atrocities Act have been made out.'

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(b) In E. Krishnan Nayanar v. M.A. Kuttappan , 1997 Crl.L.J. 2036 it has been held as follows:

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'18. As stated by me earlier the words used in Subsec.(x) are not' in public place, but 'within public view' which means the public must view the person being insulted for which he must be present and no offence on the allegations under the said Section gets attracted. In my view the entire allegations contained in the complaint even if taken to be true do not make out any offence against the petitioner.'

¶55

17mDr fu.kZ; ds i'pkr~ enzkl mPp U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n"Vkar Manimeglai & Ors. vs. State Represented by The Inspector of Police, Criminal Appeal No.474 of 2009 fu.kZ; fnukad 18-11-2016 [2016 SCC OnLine Mad Page 9896 ds ekeys esa fofHkUu U;kf;d n"Vkarksa ij fopkj dj iSjk la[;k 42 esa fuEukuqlkj fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k %&

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Thus from the language used in Section 3(1)(x) of the Act and the above survey of case-laws, it is very clear that for an offence under Section 3(1) 3(x) of SC&ST Act, at the time of occurrence, some independent members of the public should hear and view the utterances made by the accused towards a member of the Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe Community.

¶60

18blh izdkj bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB }kjk State Of Rajasthan vs Dipti Ram, 2001 CriLJ 3910 fu.kZ; fnukad 17-07-2001 esa iSjk la[;k 22 esa fuEukuqlkj fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k %&

¶61

It may be stated here that for making offence under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ ST Act, it is necessary that insult or humiliation of a member of Scheduled Caste should take place within public view. Since nobody was with the complainant PW 4 Taruram when the alleged words were uttered to him by accused respondent, therefore, no question arises that he was insulted or humiliated in any manner before the public.

¶62

19iwoZ esa of.kZr U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa esa izfrikfnr fl)karksa ls ;g Li"V gS fd /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e esa tks 'Public View' crk;k x;k gS] mlds eqrkfcd ?kVuk ?kfVr gksrs gq, utnhdh fj'rsnkjksa ;k nksLrksa ds vykok vU; O;fDr;ksa }kjk ?kVuk ns[kuk pkfg,A ?kVuk ns[kus dk rkRi;Z mu yksxksa ds lkeus vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr dk tkurs gq, eqLrxhl dks tkfrlwpd xkyh fudkyk tkuk lkfcr djuk vko';d gSA

¶63

20mDr fof/kd fLFkfr dks en~nsutj j[krs gq, gLrxr ekeys ij fopkj fd;k x;kA

¶64

21gLrxr ekeys esa izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ tks fyf[kr nj[okLr izn'kZ ih&1 ds vk/kkj ij ntZ dh xbZ FkhA bl ekeys esa tkfr lwpd xkfy;ka fudkyrs gq, xkao okyksa ds lkeus viekfur djus vkSj oDr okjnkr xokg uokc [kka o yky [kka }kjk chp&cpko dj le>kuk] vU;Fkk eqyfteku }kjk izkFkhZ dks tku ls [kRe dj nsrs] ,slk rF; vafdr fd;k x;k gSA U;k;ky; esa tks lk{; crkSj ih-MCY;w-1 eqLrxhl j?kqukFk }kjk nh xbZ] mlesa 7 vknfe;ksa dk vkuk vkSj tkfr lwpd xkfy;ka fudkyuk vkSj ogka ij 5&7 lquus okys Fks] ysfdu buds gh vkneh gksuk crk;k vkSj uokc [kka o ykys [kka }kjk NqM+kuk crk;k] ,sls esjs dks cksyus ls dqN ugha gksuk crk;kA ftjg esa ;g dgk fd ml oDr lk{kh vdsyk gh Fkk] ml oDr eqyfteku ds vykok dksbZ ugha Fkk vkSj ?kVukLFky ds vklikl yky [kka o uokc [kka dk edku ugha gksuk] >xM+s ds oDr ogka ij vk tkuk vkSj buds }kjk le>kuk crk;k gSA

¶65

22xokg ih-MCY;w-2 yky [kka us ;g dgk fd vkil esa ekFkkdqV gqbZ Fkh] xkyh xykSp djh Fkh vkSj eka] cguksa dh xkfy;ka fudkyh Fkh] xkyh xykSp esa MsfM;k

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pekfj;k dh xkfy;ka fudky dj mudh csbTtrh dh FkhA ml oDr ns[kus esa cgqr Fks] ysfdu xokg esa ge nks og o uokc [kka us gh xokgh nh Fkh] ckfd lc vfHk;qDr ds izHkko esa vkdj ds xokgh ugha nhA

¶70

23xokg ih-MCY;w-3 uokc [kka }kjk ;g dgk fd cLrh ds lkeus MsfM;k pekfj;k dg nsus ls budh yMkbZ gks xbZ vkSj eka] cguksa dh xkfy;ka fudkyh FkhA ftjg esa dgk fd yM+kbZ&>xM+k djus esa lkr yksx FksA xkao okyksa us yksxksa dks bdVBk fd;k Fkk] blfy, lk{kh Hkh ogka x;k FkkA ogka tks yksx bdVBk gq, Fks] mudk uke lk{kh ugha crk ldrkA

¶71

24bl ekeys esa ih-MCY;w-1 eqLrxhl dh lk{; egRoiw.kZ gS] ftlus viuh ftjg esa dgk fd ml oDr og vdsyk Fkk] ml oDr eqyfteku ds vykok dksbZ ugha Fkk vkSj tks nks xokg gS] muds edku ?kVukLFky ds vklikl ugha gS] tks nks xokg gS] mu nksuksa us xkao okyksa ds lkeus tkfr lwpd xkfy;ka fudkyuk crk;k gS] tcfd xokg ih-MCY;w-1 }kjk viuh lk{; esa xkao okyksa ds lkeus tkfr lwpd xkfy;ka fudkyus dh ckr ugha dgha gSA ih-MCY;w-1 }kjk viuh eq[; ijh{kk esa ;g Li"V :i ls lk{; ugha nh xbZ fd tc tkfr lwpd xkfy;ka fudkyh rks ml oDr yky [kka o uokc [kka ekStwn gks vkSj mu nksuksa }kjk lqu ysus ls mldh csbTtrh gqbZ gksA ,slh voLFkk esa Li"V lk{; ugha gksus ls 'Public View' esa vfHk;qDrx.k }kjk tkfr lwpd xkfy;ka fudkyuk ;qfDr;qDr lansg ls ijs izekf.kr ugha gSA fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk ih-MCY;w-1 dh eq[; ijh{kk vkSj ftjg ij fopkj dj gh ;g ekuk gS fd ftjg esa Li"V :i ls ih-MCY;w-1 }kjk ;g dgk x;k fd ml oDr og vdsyk Fkk] ml oDr eqyfteku ds vykok dksbZ ugha FkkA tkfr lwpd xkfy;ka lquus okyk eqLrxhl ds vykok ogka vkSj dksbZ ugha FkkA bl vk/kkj ij /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e esa vfHk;qDr dks nks"keqDr fd;k x;k gSA

¶72

25fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk iwoZ esa of.kZr U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa esa fd, x, foospu ds ifjizs{k esa vfHk;qDrx.k@xSj&fuxjkuhdrkZ la[;k 2 o 3 dks /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e ds vijk/k esa nks"keqDr djus esa dksbZ fof/kd Hkwy ugha dh xbZ gSA

¶73

26tgka rd /kkjk 341 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds vijk/k esa /kkjk 3 ifjoh{kk vf/kfu;e dk ykHk fn, tkus dk iz'u gS] rks dsoy ek= /kkjk 341 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ds vijk/k esa nks"kh Bgjkus ij tks /kkjk 3 ifjoh{kk vf/kfu;e dk ykHk fn;k x;k] og fu.kZ; fof/kfo#) gksuk ugha ekuk tk ldrkA tc vfHk;qDrx.k dks /kkjk 341 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk esa gh nks"kh Bgjk;k x;k gS] rks ml voLFkk esa /kkjk 3

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ifjoh{kk vf/kfu;e dk ykHk fn, tkus dk v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; fof/klEer djkj fn;k tkrk gSA bl ekeys esa eqLrxhl dh vksj ls izLrqr fuxjkuh iwoZ esa fd, x, foospukuqlkj [kkfjt fd, tkus ;ksX; gSA

¶78

27vr% fuxjkuhdrkZ j?kqukFk dh vksj ls izLrqr ;g fuxjkuh [kkfjt dh tkrh gS vkSj fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; fof'k"B U;k;k/kh'k] vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ izdj.k] HkhyokM+k ds ls'ku izdj.k la[;k 41@2003] jktLFkku jkT; cuke dSyk'k oxSjk] vijk/k vUrxZr /kkjk 341] 323 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk ,oa /kkjk 3 ¼1½¼x½ vuqlwfpr tkfr@tutkfr ¼vR;kpkj fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 01-09-2003 dh iqf"V dh tkrh gSA

¶79

28bl fu.kZ; dh ,d izfr ds lkFk v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dh i=koyh ykSVkbZ tkosA

¶80

(YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT),J

¶81

GauravGehlot/-

Raghunath v. State and Ors.

Case brief

What is this about?

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Raghunath v. State and Ors.

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

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Coram

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