Allowed

Rakesh Kumar Son of Gokul Chand Gurjar, v. Bhairu Singh S/O Hardev Singh Rajput

Rajasthan HC9 Oct 2023CMA/94/2021

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

In this SBCMA, the High Court of Rajasthan enhanced the compensation awarded to the minor son of a deceased motor accident victim. Considering the age of the deceased, permanent disability percentage, and impact on earning capacity, the Court enlarged the compensation from Rs. 3.95 L to Rs. 8.61 Lakhs.

What did the court decide?

Compensation enhanced from Rs. 3,95,430/- to Rs. 8,61,368/- payable by respondents.

Rakesh Kumar Son of Gokul Chand Gurjar, Vs Bhairu… — Motor Accident Claims | Rajasthan HC (2023)

¶1

[2023:RJ-JP:41400]

¶2

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR

¶3

S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 94/2021

¶4

Rakesh Kumar S/o Gokul Chand Gurjar, Aged About 22 Years, R/o Dudhwa, Tehsil Khetri, District Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan.

¶5

----Appellant

¶6

Versus

¶7

Bhairu Singh S/o Hardev Singh Rajput, R/o Sihod, Police Station & Tehsil Khetri, District Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan. (Driver of Vehicle Jeep No. RJ-23-C-1934)

¶8

Jaynarayan Gurjar S/o Rampratap Gurjar, R/o Kishorepura, Tehsil Bansur, District Alwar, Rajasthan. (Registered Owner of Vehicle Jeep No. RJ-23-C-1934)

¶9

Mahaveer Prasad Sharma S/o Jagdish Prasad Sharma, R/o Sihod, Tehsil Khetri, District Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan. (Special Power of Attorney Vehicle Jeep No. RJ-23-C1934)

¶10

National Insurance Company Limited, Through Branch Manager, Nearest Branch, Station Road, Jhunjhunu. (Insurance Company of Vehicle Jeep No. RJ-23-C-1934)

¶11

----Respondents

¶12

For Appellant(s) : Mr. Vijayant Nirwan For Respondent(s) : Mr. Raaj Pal Chaudhary

¶13

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR

¶14

Order

¶15

09/10/2023

¶16

1- vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g vihy /kkjk&173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k] ¼vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k½] [ksrM+h] ftyk >qa>quw ¼ftls vkxs ^fo}ku vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&69@2017] jkds'k dqekj cuke HkS: flag o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 05-10-2020 ¼ftls vkxs vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA

(2 of 8)

[2023:RJ-JP:41400]

[CMA-94/2021]

2- vihykFkhZ jkds'k dqekj dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k] Lo;a ds eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa vkgr gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 6]81]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;h FkhA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdk esa ;kph dks dqy 3]95]430@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf’k e; C;kt 6 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj gLrxr vihy] vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSA

¶21

3- nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk tks {kfriwfrZ fnyokbZ x;h gS] og fof/k ds fl)kUr ds foijhr gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ [ksrhckM+h o etnwjh dj izfrekg 15]000@& #i;s dh vk; vftZr djrk FkkA fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh vk; 4]500@& #i;s izfrekg fu/kkZfjr dh tkdj =qfV dkfjr dh xbZ gS] ftls c<+k;k tkosA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ,d rdZ ;g Hkh jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh mDr fu/kkZfjr vk; esa Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dksbZ c<+ksrjh ugha dh xbZ gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd vihykFkhZ ds dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds i'pkr~ vihykFkhZ dkQh yEcs le; rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgk] fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr en esa cgqr de jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyokbZ xbZ gS] ftls c<+k;k tkosA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ,d rdZ ;g Hkh jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa rFkk vU; enksa esa Hkh vR;f/kd de jkf’k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftuesa Hkh c<+ksrjh dh tkosA vr% vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

¶22

4- blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; dh iqf"V fd;s tkus rFkk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh x;h vihy dks fujLr fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh xbZA 5- nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lquh x;hA vihy i=koyh o vf/kdj.k ds vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA

[CMA-94/2021]

[2023:RJ-JP:41400]

(3 of 8)

6- ;g vihy] vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ x;h {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh xbZ gSA izR;FkhZ chek dEiuh dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds fu.kZ; ds fo#) dksbZ vihy izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA

¶27

7- eksVj nq?kZVuk esa vkgr O;fDr;ksa dks {kfriwfrZ fnyok;s tkus ds lanHkZ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Anant Son of Sidheswar Dukre Vs. Pratap son of Zhampannappa Lamzane & Anr. Reported in (2018) 9 Supreme Court Cases

¶28

450, esa fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS tks fuEu izdkj ls gS %&

¶29

“12. In case of motor accidents leading to injuries and disablements, it is a well settled principle that a person must not only be compensated for his physical injury, but also for the non-pecuniary losses which he has suffered due to the injury. The claimant is entitled to be compensated for his inability to lead a full life, and enjoy those things and amenities which he would have enjoyed, but for the injuries."

¶30

"13. The purpose of compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act is to fully and adequately restore the aggrieved to the position prior to the accident. This Court in Yadava Kumar v. National Insurance Co. Ltd. explained “just compensation” in the following words:"

¶31

"15. It goes without saying that in matters of determination of compensation both the tribunal and the court are statutorily charged with a responsibility of fixing a “just compensation”. It is obviously true that determination of a just compensation cannot be equated to a bonanza. At the same time the concept of “just compensation” obviously suggests application of fair and equitable principles and a reasonable approach on the part of the tribunals and courts. This reasonableness on the part of the tribunal and court must be on a large peripheral field.”

(4 of 8)

[2023:RJ-JP:41400]

[CMA-94/2021]

8- vihy i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 08-02-2017 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 18 o"kZ dh vk;q dk gksuk crkrs gq, [ksrhckM+h o etnwjh dk dk;Z dj izfrekg 15]000@& :i;s dh vk; vftZr djuk crk;k x;k gSA fdUrq vihykFkhZ }kjk viuh vk; dks lkfcr djus gsrq dksbZ Bksl izek.k fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ ds dk;Z dh izÑfr dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij mldh nSfud vk; 150@& #i;s izfrfnu ds fglkc ls ekfld vk; 4]500@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ gS tks =qfViw.kZ gS] ftls la'kksf/kr fd;k tkuk ge mfpr le>rs gSaA ?kVuk fnukad 08-02-2017 dh gksuk crkbZ xbZ gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks [ksrhckM+h o etnwjh djuk crk;k x;k gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ;g U;k;ky; vihykFkhZ ds dk;Z dh izÑfr dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks vdq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj mldh vk; fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rh gSaA oDr ?kVuk vdq'ky Jfed dh nSfud vk; 207@& #i;s izfrfnu] rn~uqlkj ekfld vk; 6]210@& #i;s gksrh gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dksbZ c<+ksrjh ugha dh xbZ gSA Dyse ;kfpdk esa oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 18 o"kZ 6 ekg dh vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA fdUrq vihykFkhZ ds pksV izfrosnu izn'kZ&19 o ,Dl&js fjiksVZ izn'kZ&20 esa vihykFkhZ dh vk;q 18 o"kZ vafdr dh xbZ gSA vk;q ds laca/k esa vU; dksbZ Bksl izys[kh; lk{; vihykFkhZ }kjk fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k izLrqr ugha dh xbZ gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 18 o"kZ dh vk;q dk gksuk ekuk x;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr fu"d"kZ esa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ 18 o"kZ dh vk;q dk Lofu;ksftr O;fDr FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; % ¼2017½ 16 ,llh-lh- 680 esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dh vk;q dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, mijksDr fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 6]210@& #i;s ij Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh en esa 40 izfr'kr dh Hkfo";&of) fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA

(5 of 8)

[2023:RJ-JP:41400]

[CMA-94/2021]

rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dh fu/kkZfjr vk; 6]210@& #i;s dk 40 izfr'kr 2]484@& #i;s gksrk gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks vihykFkhZ dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar vihykFkhZ dh dqy ekfld vk; 8]694@& #i;s gksrh gS tks {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA

¶40

9- gLrxr nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa gkFk] iSj vkfn esa xaHkhj pksVsa dkfjr gqbZ gSa] ftuds lkewfgd izHkko ls vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj esa dqy 43-91 izfr’kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA tSlk fd LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= izn'kZ&69 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa fuf’pr :i ls vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa deh gksuk LokHkkfod gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh mDr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk dks lEiw.kZ 'kjhj ds ifjisz{; esa 30 izfr'kr gksuk ekuk x;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr fu"d"kZ esa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA bl izdkj ge] vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfr Hkh 30 izfr’kr gksuk ikrs gSaA rnuqlkj vihykFkhZ dh ekfld vk; 8]694@& #i;s dk 30 izfr’kr 2]608@& #i;s gksrk gS tks vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh ekfld {kfr gSA oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 18 o"kZ vk;q dks gksuk ekuk x;k gSA ftldk [k.Mu ugha gks ldk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ o vU; cuke nsgyh VªkaliksVZ dkWiksZjs'ku o vU;% ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfriwfrZ dh x.kuk gsrq vihykFkhZ dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, 18 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rnuqlkj vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dqy {kfr 2]608 x 12 x 18 = 5]63]328@& #i;s gksrh gS tks vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA

¶41

10fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 25]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ xbZ gS] ftlesa c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk ge mfpr le>rs gSaA vr% 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa ge 45]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA vr% Hkfo"; eas gksus

(6 of 8)

[2023:RJ-JP:41400]

[CMA-94/2021]

okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa ge 45]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶46

11fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ ds bykt ij [kpZ gqbZ jkf’k ds en esa esfMdy fcyksa ds vk/kkj ij dqy 42]280@& #i;s dh jkf’k fnyokbZ x;h gS] blesa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA

¶47

12fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikSf"Vd vkgkj ds en esa 5]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftls la'kksf/kr fd;k tkuk ge mfpr le>rs gSaA vr% ikSf"Vd vkgj dh en esa ge 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 13fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ;krk;kr o ifjogu ij [kpZ gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyokbZ xbZ gS] blesa Hkh ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA 14nq?kZVuk esa vkbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ dqy 77 fnol rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgk gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk 77 fnu vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa 150@& #i;s izfrfnu ds fglkc ls dqy 11]550@& #i;s rFkk 77 fnol vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus ds nkSjku jgs vVsaMsaV O;fDr dh en esa 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k] bl izdkj dqy 21]550@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks mDr enksa esa fnyokbZ xbZ gS] ftls la'kksf/kr fd;k tkuk ge mfpr le>rs gSaA vr% 77 fnu vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus gsrq ge 500@& #i;s izfrfnu ds fglkc ls dqy 38]500@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 15fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks byktjr vof/k ds nkSjku gqbZ vk; dh gkfu ds en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA ;g LoHkkfod gS fd nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ djhc N% ekg rd vk; vftZr djus esa vleFkZ jgk gksxkA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] N% ekg dh vk; dh gkfu ds en esa 37]260@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA 16gLrxr ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds dkfjr gqbZ pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ ds nkfgus iSj dk rhu ckj fpfdRldksa }kjk vkWijs'ku fd;k x;k gSA fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vkWijs'ku dh en esa dksbZ jkf'k

(7 of 8)

[CMA-94/2021]

[2023:RJ-JP:41400]

vihykFkhZ dks ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA vr% mDr en esa Hkh ge] 5]000@& #i;s izfr vkWijs'ku ds fglkc ls dqy 15]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶52

17fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkfo"; esa vihykFkhZ ds fookg esa vkus okyh dfBukbZ;ksa dh en esa iFkd ls dksbZ jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA ekeys dh ?kVuk esa vihykFkhZ dk ck;k **a** iSj ikap bap NksVk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ftl dkj.k Hkfo"; esa vihykFkhZ ds fookg esa dfBukbZ;ka mRiUu gksus dh laHkkouk ls badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkfo"; esa vihykFkhZ ds fookg esa vkus okyh dfBukbZ;ksa dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, mDr en esa ge] 50]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k i`Fkd ls vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

¶53

18mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZ fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gS %&

¶54

Øe la-	'kh"kZ@en	bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k
1-	Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; vtZu dh {kerk esa deh ds en esa	5]63]328@&
2-	'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa	45]000@& #i;s
3-	Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa	45]000@& #i;s
4-	bykt ij O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa	42]280@& #i;s
5-	ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa	15]000@& #i;s
6-	;krk;kr o ifjogu ij [kpZ gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa	10]000@& #i;s
7-	77 fnu vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa	38]500@& #i;s
8-	N% ekg dh vk; dh gkfu ds en esa	37]260@& #i;s
9-	'kY; fpfdRlk dh en esa	15]000@& #i;s
10-	fookg ij iM+us okys izfrdwy izHkko dh en esa	50]000@& #i;s
11-	bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k	8]61]368@& #i;s
12-	fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k	3]95]430@& #i;s
13-	c<+ksrjh i'pkr~{kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj	4]65]938@& #i;s

¶55

19rnuqlkj ;g vihy vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV ftlds }kjk fd vihykFkhZ dks 3]95]430@&

¶56

(8 of 8) [CMA-94/2021]

¶57

[2023:RJ-JP:41400]

¶58

:i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 8]61]368@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA vihykFkhZ dks ns; {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij fu;ekuqlkj vk;dj dVkSrh dh tkosxhA vihykFkhZ }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ik;k tkrk gSA

¶59

20bl vkns'k }kjk c<+kbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZ] 8 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA 21vkns’k dh izfr ds lkFk izdj.k dk vfHkys[k lacaf/kr vf/kdj.k dks ykSVk;k tkosA

¶60

22rnuqlkj ;g vihy fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA

¶61

23lHkh yfEcr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dks Hkh mijksDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk

¶62

¶63

(ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J

¶64

LOKESH RAJ /54

Rakesh Kumar Son of Gokul Chand Gurjar, v. Bhairu Singh S/O Hardev Singh Rajput

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Rakesh Kumar Son of Gokul Chand Gurjar, v. Bhairu Singh S/O Hardev Singh Rajput

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

A compact analysis

Issues for consideration

Cases cited

Parties & counsel

Coram

Case details

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