Appeals against a motor accident claim award. The court dismissed the insurer's appeal on contributory negligence but partly allowed the claimant's appeal, enhancing compensation from Rs.14,27,000 to Rs.20,34,792.
Claimant awarded Rs.20,34,792/- with interest at 8% per annum from date of petition.
This page shows the compact analysis of this judgement. The full analysis — procedural history, issue-by-issue holdings with ratio and obiter, advocates, and paragraph-level evidence for every claim — is being added to the record in batches and will appear here when this judgement has been through it.
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HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR
S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 1697/2018
Reliance General Insurance Company Limited, Having Its Registered Office At 19, Reliance Center, Walchand Hirachand Marg, Ballard Estate, Mumbai-400001 And Having Its Regional Office At C-Scheme, Man Upasana Tower, 6Th Floor, Sardar Patel Marg, Opposite To Hsbc Bank, Jaipur-302001, Through Its Constituent Attorney.
----Appellant
Versus
Connected With
S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 1134/2018
Shrikishan Mehta S/o Tulsiram Mehta, Aged About 32 Years, R/o Gram Rampur Upreti, Tehsil Shahbad, District Baran (Raj.)
----Appellant
Versus
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----Respondents
For Appellant(s) : Mr. Chanderdeep Singh Jodha for Insurance Company For Respondents/ : Mr. Sanjay Singhal
For Respondents/ Claimants
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR
Order
DATE OF RESERVED :: 26/07/2023 DATE OF PRONOUNCEMENT :: 21/09/2023
1- vihykaV@chek daiuh dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy la[;k&1697@2018 ,oa nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy la[;k&1134@2018] nksuksa nhokuh fofo/k vihysa /kkjk 173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; eksVj nq?kZVuk nkok vf/kdj.k ¼ikfjokfjd U;k;ky;½] ckjka ¼jkt-½ ¼ftls vkxs ^vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&250@2017] Jhfd’ku cuke gfj’kadj o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 06-01-2018 ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ftudk fuLrkj.k lqfo/kk dh n`f"V ls bl ,d fu.kZ; ds }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA
2- la{ksi esa ekeys ds rF; bl izdkj gS fd nkokdrkZ fd’ku fnukad 04-01-2016 dks eksVjlkbZfdy uEcj vkjts&28&,l ,p&4287 ij vius Hkrhts iznhi dks ihNs cSBkdj vius [ksr ls isVªksy iEi lejkfu;ka ij Mhty Hkjokus x;k FkkA Mhty Hkjokdj okil vius [ksr dh vksj vk jgk FkkA nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ eksVjlkbZfdy dks lko/kkuh ls viuh lgh fn’kk esa /kheh xfr ls pykrk gqvk yk jgk FkkA rHkh lkeus ls Vªd uEcj MCY;w ch&23&lh&2964 ¼ftls vkxs iz'uxr okgu ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ dks mldk pkyd rst xfr o ykijokgh ls pykrk gqvk yk;k o
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nkokdrkZ dh eksVjlkbZfdy ds VDdj ekjdj nq?kZVuk dkfjr dj nhA nq?kZVuk esa nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ ds nk;sa iSj esa xaHkhj pksV vkbZA nkSjkus bZykt nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dk iSj tka?k ls dkVdj vyx dj fn;k x;kA nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj esa vU; pksVsa Hkh vkbZ gSaA Dyse ;kfpdk esa nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dks 30 o"kZ dh vk;q dk LoLFk ukStoku O;fDr gksuk crk;k x;k gS] ftlus Mh-,M- dk fMIyksek dj j[kk gSA nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ [ksrh o Ms;jh dk O;olk; dj rFkk cPpksa dks V~;w’ku i<+kdj izfrekg 50]000@& #i;s dh vk; vftZr dj ysrk FkkA bl vk/kkj ij Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr djrs gq, dqy 1]85]40]000@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ dh ekax dh x;h gSA vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdk esa ;kph dks dqy 14]27]000@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf’k e; C;kt 6 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls o vokMZ jkf’k dks rhu ekg ds Hkhrj vnk u djus ij e; C;kt 9 izfr’kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA mDr vkns’k ls O;fFkr gksdj vihykaV chek daiuh dh vksj ls vihy la[;k&1697@2018 fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vkns'k dks fujLr djokus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gS rFkk nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ }kjk fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vkns’k ls O;fFkr gksdj vihy la[;k&1134@2018 vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr {kfriwfrZ jkf’k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;hA
3- vihy la[;k&1697@2018 ds laca/k esa nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykaV chek dEiuh dk rdZ jgk fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk nkokdrkZ dh ;ksXknk;h mis{kk ugha ekurs gq, =qfV dkfjr dh gSA bl ekeys esa Lo;a nkokdrkZ ;ksxnk;h mis{kk dk nks"kh jgk gSA vr% {kfriwfrZ esa rn~uqlkj dVkSrh dh tkuh pkfg,A
4- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykaV chek dEiuh dk ,d rdZ ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; jktdqekj cuke vt; dqekj o vU; % ,e,lhMh 2011 ,llh 33 ds vuqlkj nkokdrkZ ds LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= dks lkfcr djus ds fy, fpfdRldh; lk{; izLrqr fd;k tkuk
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vfuok;Z FkkA fpfdRld ds mifLFkr ugha gksus ij LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= ij fo’okl dj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk =qfV dkfjr dh x;h gSA 5- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykaV chek dEiuh dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= ds vuqlkj nkokdrkZ ds 'kjhj esa dqy 80 izfr’kr fu;ksZX;rk dkfjr gksuk vafdr fd;k x;k gSA tcfd fo}ku vf/kdj.k us mDr 80 izfr’kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk dks 100 izfr’kr ekurs gq, {kfriwfrZ jkf’k fu/kkZfjr dh gS tks =qfViw.kZ gSA
6- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykaV chek dEiuh dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd nkokdrkZ }kjk vf/kdj.k ds le{k viuh vk; dks lkfcr ugha fd;k x;k gSA blds ckotwn fo}ku vf/kdj.k us nkokdrkZ dh ekfld vk; 5]000@& #i;s ekudj {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZfjr fd;s tkus esa =qfV dkfjr dh gSA mijksDr vk/kkjksa ij vihykaV chek dEiuh dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf’k de fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA
7- vihy la[;k&1134@2018 ds laca/k esa nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dk ;g rdZ jgk fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k us oDr ?kVuk nkokdrkZ dh ekfld vk; 5]000@& #i;s ekudj =qfV dkfjr dh gSA tcfd vf/kdj.k dks nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dh ekfld vk; 50]000@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr djrs gq, {kfriwfrZ jkf’k fnyokbZ tkuh pkfg, FkhA
8- fo}ku vf/koDrk nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dk ,d rdZ ;g Hkh rdZ jgk fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh Hkh dksbZ c<+ksrjh ugha dh x;h gS rFkk vU; enksa esa Hkh vR;f/kd de {kfriwfrZ jkf’k fnyokbZ x;h gS] ftuesa c<+ksrjh dh tkosA mijksDr vk/kkjkas ij nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; dks la'kksf/kr fd;k tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA
9- nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lquh x;hA vihy i=kofy;ksa o fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA
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10tgka rd chek dEiuh dh vksj ls nkokdrkZ dh ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ds laca/k esa yh x;h vkifŸk dk iz’u gS rks bl laca/k esa vihykaV chek dEiuh dh vksj ls o;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd oDr ?kVuk nkokdrkZ eksVjlkbZfdy ij vk jgk FkkA fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh dh vksj ls gekjk /;ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k gq, nkokdrkZ Jhfd’ku ds c;ku dh vksj vkdf"kZr djrs gq, rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k gS fd Lo;a nkokdrkZ ds c;ku ds vuqlkj nkokdrkZ o mldk Hkrhtk eksVjlkbZfdy ij cSBdj isVªksy iEi ij Mhty ysus x;s FksA Hkjh gqbZ Mhty dh dSu ckbZd ds chp esa j[kh gqbZ FkhA iznhi ihNs cSBk gqvk FkkA ;g Hkh O;Dr fd;k gS fd oDr ?kVuk nkokdrkZ eksVjlkbZfdy dks ysdj isVªksy iEi ls eq[; lM+d ij vk jgk FkkA ml le; gh nq?kZVuk ?kfVr gqbZ gSA isVªksy iEi ls jksM+ ij pyrs le; nkokdrkZ dks ;g /;ku nsuk pkfg, Fkk fd lM+d ij dksbZ okgu rks ugha vk jgk gSA lE;d lko/kkuh cjrrs gq, gh lM+d ij vkuk pkfg, FkkA fdUrq nkokdrkZ }kjk ;g lko/kkuh ugha cjrh x;h gS] bl dkj.k nq?kZVuk ?kfVr gqbZ gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa nkokdrkZ dh Hkh ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ekurs gq, {kfriwfrZ de dh tkosA bl laca/k esa bl U;k;ky; dk ekuuk ;g gS fd eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk ds ekeys] okgu ds mis{kkiw.kZ lapkyu ds vk/kkj ij gqbZ nq?kZVuk ds laca/k esa izLrqr fd;s tkrs gSaA bl izdkj ds nkoksa esa izfroknh ds ikl nkokdrkZ dh ;ksxnk;h mis{kk] ,d cpko gksrk gSA ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ds cpko dks izfroknh dks fo’ks"k :i ls vius vfHkopu esa ysuk gksrk gS rFkk ,sls cpkoksa dks viuh ldkjkRed lk{; ls lkfcr djuk gksrk gSA bl ekeys esa chek dEiuh dh vksj ls ;ksxnk;h mis{kk ds fcUnq dks lkfcr djus ds fy, dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA dsoyek= nkokdrkZ Jhfd’ku ,-MCY;w&1 ls fd;s x;s izfrijh{k.k ds vk/kkj ij gh nkokdrkZ dh ;ksxnk;h mis{kk dks lkfcr djus dh ps"Bk dh x;h gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh ds bl rdZ ij fopkj djrs gq, bl izdj.k esa vuqla/kku ds nkSjku cuk;s x;s uD’kk ekSdk izn’kZ&4 ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd uD’kk ekSdk izn’kZ&4 esa ?kVukLFky ^,* LFkku ij n’kkZ;k x;k gS tks fd eksVjlkbZfdy pkyd dh
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lgh fn’kk gSA mDr uD’ks ekSds esa dfFkr isVªksy iEi dgha nf’kZr ugha fd;k x;k gSA ftlls ;g izdV gksrk gks fd okLro esa nkokdrkZ viuh eksVjlkbZfdy dks isVªksy iEi ls lh/ks lM+d ij ys vk;k gksA chek dEiuh dh vksj ls ;g Hkh lkfcr ugha fd;k tk ldk gS fd nkokdrkZ dh eksVjlkbZfdy ij Mhty dh Hkjh gqbZ dSu j[ks tkus o mlds ihNs ,d vU; O;fDr ds cSBs jgus ds dkj.k nkokdrkZ dh eksVjlkbZfdy dk larqyu fcxM+k gks vkSj bl dkj.k nq?kZVuk ?kfVr gqbZ gksA bl rF; dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, chek dEiuh dh vksj ls nkokdrkZ dh ;ksxnk;h mis{kk fu/kkZfjr fd;s tkus dk tks rdZ izLrqr fd;k gS] og ekus tkus ;ksX; ugha jgrk gSA og Hkh rc tcfd vius bl rdZ dks lkfcr djus ds fy, chek dEiuh dh vksj ls dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA vr% ;ksxnk;h mis{kk dk fcUnq chek dEiuh ds i{k esa lkfcr ugha ik;k tkrk gSA
11fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh dh vksj ls ,d ;g vkifŸk Hkh yh x;h gS fd vf/kdj.k }kjk nkokdrkZ ds LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= ij fcuk fpfdRld lk{kh dh lk{; ds izekf.kr ekudj fo'okl dj fy;k gSA tcfd
jkt dqekj cuke vt; dqekj ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj mDr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= ij fcuk fpfdRldh; lk{kh ds vf/kdj.k ds le{k c;ku djok;s ml ij fo'okl ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg, FkkA bl laca/k esa fo}ku vf/koDrk chek dEiuh us U;k;ky; dk /;ku U;kf;d n"Vkar jkt dqekj cuke vt; dqekj % ¼2011½ 1 lqizhe dksVZ dslst 343 dh vksj vkdf"kZr djok;k x;kA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n"Vkar esa ;g fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS fd %&
"18. The Tribunal should also act with caution, if it proposed to accept the expert evidence of doctors who did not treat the injured but who give `ready to use' disability certificates, without proper medical assessment. There are several instances of unscrupulous doctors who without treating the injured, readily giving liberal disability certificates to help the claimants. But where the disability certificates are given by duly constituted Medical Boards, they may be accepted subject to evidence regarding the
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genuineness of such certificates. The Tribunal may invariably make it a point to require the evidence of the Doctor who treated the injured or who assessed the permanent disability. Mere production of a disability certificate or Discharge Certificate will not be proof of the extent of disability stated therein unless the Doctor who treated the claimant or who medically examined and assessed the extent of disability of claimant, is tendered for cross- examination with reference to the certificate. If the Tribunal is not satisfied with the medical evidence produced by the claimant, it can constitute a Medical Board (from a panel maintained by it in consultation with reputed local Hospitals/Medical Colleges) and refer the claimant to such Medical Board for assessment of the disability."
12U;kf;d n"Vkar jkt dqekj cuke vt; dqekj ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeys esa mPpre U;k;ky; us vius fu.kZ; ds iSjk la[;k&22 o 23 esa fuEufyf[kr er Hkh izdV fd;k gS] ftls ge fuEu izdkj ls mn~/kr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSa %&
"22. We may in this context refer to the difficulties faced by claimants in securing the presence of busy Surgeons or treating Doctors who treated them, for giving evidence. Most of them are reluctant to appear before Tribunals for obvious reasons either because their entire day is likely to be wasted in attending the Tribunal to give evidence in a single case or because they are not shown any priority in recording evidence or because the claim petition is filed at a place far away from the place where the treatment was given. Many a time, the claimants are reluctant to take coercive steps for summoning the Doctors who treated them, out of respect and gratitude towards them or for fear that if forced to come against their wishes, they may give evidence which may not be very favorable. This forces the injured claimants to approach "professional" certificate givers whose evidence most of the time is found to be not satisfactory."
"23. The Tribunals should realise that a busy surgeon may be able to save ten lives or perform twenty surgeries in the time he spends to attend the Tribunal to give evidence in one accident case. Many busy Surgeons refuse to treat medico-legal cases out of apprehension that their practice and their current patients will suffer, if they have to spend their days in
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Tribunals giving evidence about past patients. The solution does not lie in coercing the Doctors to attend the Tribunal to give evidence. The solution lies in recognizing the valuable time of Doctors and accommodating them. Firstly, efforts should be made to record the evidence of the treating Doctors on commission, after ascertaining their convenient timings. Secondly, if the Doctors attend the Tribunal for giving evidence, their evidence may be recorded without delay, ensuring that they are not required to wait. Thirdly, the Doctors may be given specific time for attending the Tribunal for giving evidence instead of requiring them to come at 10.30 A.M. or 11.00 A.M. and wait in the Court Hall. Fourthly, in cases where the certificates are not contested by the respondents, they may be marked by consent, thereby dispensing with the oral evidence. These small measures as also any other suitable steps taken to ensure the availability of expert evidence, will ensure assessment of just compensation and will go a long way in demonstrating that Courts/Tribunals show concern for litigants and witnesses."
13gLrxr ekeys esa tgka rd nkokdrkZ Jhfd'ku ds 'kjhj esa vkbZ LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk dk iz'u gS rks bl laca/k esa nkokdrkZ ds LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= izn'kZ&21 ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd nkokdrkZ dk nk;ka iSj tka?k ls dkVdj i`Fkd dj fn;k x;k gSA mDr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= izn'kZ&21 jktdh; vLirky ckjka ds esfMdy cksMZ }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k izek.k&i= gSA mDr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= dks nkokdrkZ dh vksj ls crkSj xokg ,-MCY;w&1 U;k;ky; ds le{k lk{; ds nkSjku iznf'kZr djok;k x;k gSA mDr nLrkost iznf'kZr djok;s tkus ds le; chek dEiuh dh vksj ls dksbZ vkifŸk ntZ ugha djokbZ x;hA ;gka rd fd mDr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= izn'kZ&21 ds laca/k esa izfrijh{k.k esa chek dEiuh dh vksj ls nkokdrkZ ,-MCY;w&1 ls dksbZ iz'u Hkh ugha iwNk x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge chek dEiuh dh vksj ls fy;s x;s bl rdZ ls lger ugha gSa fd pwafd nkokdrkZ ds LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= izn'kZ&21 dks lkfcr djus ds fy, fpfdRld ds c;ku ys[kc) ugha djok;s x;s gSa] vr% mDr izek.k&i=
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ekus tkus ;ksX; ugha gSA pwafd mDr izek.k&i= jktdh; fpfdRlky; ckjka ds esfMdy cksMZ }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gS rFkk mDr izek.k&i= ds laca/k esa dksbZ izfrj{kk chek dEiuh dh vksj ls ugha yh x;h gSA vr% chek dEiuh dh vksj ls yh x;h ;g vkifŸk lkjghu gksus ds dkj.k fujLr dh tkrh gSA 14chek dEiuh dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g Hkh fy;k x;k gS fd LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= izn'kZ&21 esa nkokdrkZ ds 'kjhj esa dqy 80 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk vkuk vafdr fd;k x;k gSA tcfd vf/kdj.k us mDr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k&i= ij fopkj djrs gq, nkokdrkZ ds 'kjhj ij vkbZ 80 izfr'kr fu;ksZX;rk dks 100 izfr'kr ekurs gq, {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZfjr dh gSA bl laca/k esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds fu.kZ; ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k us ;g ik;k gS fd nkokdrkZ dk nk;ka iSj tka?k ls i`Fkd dj fn;k gS] bl dkj.k og etnwjh o [ksrhckM+h dk dk;Z djus esa iw.kZr;k vleFkZ gks x;k gS o vius nSfud dk;kZsa dks djus esa vleFkZ gks x;k gSA nkokdrkZ dk nkfguk iSj ugha gksus ds dkj.k vc og etnwjh dj dksbZ vk; vftZr ugha dj ik,xkA vr% nkokdrkZ dh vk; esa 100 izfr'kr dh {kfr izekf.kr ekurs gq, {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZfjr dh gSA bl laca/k esa bl U;k;ky; dk ekuuk ;g gS fd ;fn nkokdrkZ dk O;olk; dsoyek= Ñf"k dk;Z ,oa etnwjh dk;Z dk gksrk rks fuf'pr :i ls nkokdrkZ ds 'kjhj esa dkfjr 80 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk ds QyLo:i mldh Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa 100 izfr'kr dh deh gh ekuk tkuk visf{kr FkkA D;ksafd jkt dqekj cuke vt; dqekj ¼mijksDr½ okys ekeys esa ;gh fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS fd fdlh O;fDr ds 'kjhj esa ftrus izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk dkfjr gksuk ik;k x;k gS] mlesa ml O;fDr ds O;olk; dh izÑfr dks ns[krs gq, Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa fdrus izfr'kr dh deh gksxh] bl fcUnq ij fopkj djus dk nkf;Ro vf/kdj.k dk gksrk gSA gLrxr ekeys esa nkokdrkZ us Lo;a dks [ksrhckM+h djuk o nw/k dk O;olk; o cPpksa dks dksfpax i<+kdj izfrekg 50]000@& #i;s dh vk; vftZr djuk crk;k x;k gSA [ksrh o etnwjh dk dk;Z djus esa rks nkokdrkZ vc l{ke ugha jgk gSA bl dkj.k ml vk; dh
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rks 'kr izfr'kr {kfr ekuh tk ldrh gSA fdUrq nkokdrkZ us viuk ,d O;olk; cPpksa dks dksfpax i<+kuk Hkh crk;k x;k gSA nkokdrkZ dk mDr dFku fo'okl ;ksX; Hkh izdV gksrk gS D;ksafd nkokdrkZ dh vksj ls O;Dr fd;k x;k gS fd mlus Mh-,M- dk dkslZ fd;k gqvk gS o bl laca/k esa nkokdrkZ dh vksj ls ek/;fed f'k{kk eaMy] e/;izns'k Hkksiky }kjk tkjh vad lwph izn'kZ&19 o izn'kZ&20 dks iznf'kZr djok;k x;k gS] ftuds vuqlkj nkokdrkZ Mh-,M- dh ;ksX;rk j[krk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa U;k;ky; dk ekuuk gS fd cPpksa dks V~;w'ku i<+kus dk O;olk; djds izkFkhZ dqN vk; vftZr dj ldrk gSA bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ge] vf/kdj.k ds bl fu"d"kZ ls lger ugha gSa fd nkokdrkZ ds 'kjhj esa tks 80 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gS] mlesa nkokdrkZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh 100 izfr'kr {kfr gqbZ gksA bl laca/k esa ge] chek dEiuh ds fo}ku vf/koDrk ds rdZ ls fdafpr lger gSaA ekeys ds leLr rF;ksa ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, ge nkokdrkZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa 80 izfr'kr dh {kfr gksuk izekf.kr ekuk tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA
15tgka rd oDr ?kVuk nkokdrkZ dh vk; dk iz'u gS ;|fi nkokdrkZ us Dyse ;kfpdk esa viuh ekfld vk; 50]000@& #i;s gksuk crk;k gSA fdUrq viuh vk; dks lkfcr djus ds fy, nkokdrkZ }kjk vf/kdj.k ds le{k dksbZ Bksl lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA vf/kdj.k us lk{; ds vHkko esa nkokdrkZ dks etnwj Js.kh dk ekurs gq, ekfld vk; 5]000@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr dh gS] ftls chek dEiuh us cgqr T;knk o nkokdrkZ us cgqr de gksuk crk;k gSA ;g lgh gS fd ftu ekeyksa esa vk; dk rF; izekf.kr ugha gks ikrk gS] ogka mu ekeyksa esa vkgr o erd dks nSfud etnwj Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj rRle; izpfyr U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij mudh vk; fu/kkZfjr dh tkrh gSA gLrxr ekeys esa Hkh vf/kdj.k dks U;wure etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij gh nkokdrkZ dh vk; fu/kkZfjr dh tkuh pkfg, FkhA ?kVuk dh frfFk 04-01-2016 dks nf"Vxr j[krs gSa rks mDr fnukad dks vdq'ky Jfed dh nSfud vk; 201@& #i;s] v)Zdq'ky Jfed dh nSfud vk; 211@&
[2023:RJ-JP:22690]
[CMA-1697/2018]
(11 of 14)
#i;s] dq'ky Jfed dh nSfud vk; 221@& #i;s izfrfnu FkhA gLrxr izdj.k esa nkokdrkZ i<+k&fy[kk O;fDr gS tks fd Mh-,M- f'k{k.k izf'k{k.k dk fMIyksek Hkh /kkj.k djrk gS rFkk cPpksa dks V~;w'ku i<+kus dk dk;Z Hkh djrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] nkokdrkZ dks dq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj mldh nSfud vk; 221@& #i;s ekurs gq, {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA rn~uqlkj oDr ?kVuk nkokdrkZ dh ekfld vk; 6]630@& #i;s gksrh gSA oDr ?kVuk nkokdrkZ 32 o"kZ vk;q dk FkkA vr% us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU;% ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh680 ds ekeys esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj nkokdrkZ dh vk;q dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh c<+ksrjh ds en esa 40 izfr'kr dh c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk mfpr izrhr gksrk gSA 6]630@& #i;s dk 40 izfr'kr 2]652@& #i;s gksrk gSA mDr 40 izfr'kr jkf'k dks fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; esa tksM+s tkus ds mijkar nkokdrkZ dh dqy ekfld vk; 9]282@& #i;s gksrh gS tks {kfriwfrZ fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA mijksDr foospu ds vk/kkj ij nkokdrkZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh 80 izfr'kr dh {kfr gksuk bl U;k;ky; us ekuk gSA rn~uqlkj nkokdrkZ dh fu/kkZfjr ekfld vk; 9]282@& #i;s dk 80 izfr'kr vFkkZr 7]426@& #i;s gksrk gS tks vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh ekfld {kfr gSA nkokdrkZ dh 32 o"kZ dh vk;q dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, 16 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkh vius fu.kZ; esa 16 dk xq.kd iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS tks lgh izrhr gksrk gSA
16rn~uqlkj nkokdrkZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vkfFkZd vk; dh dqy {kfr 7]426 x 12 x 16 = 14]25]792@& #i;s gksrh gS tks nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSaA
17fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk izkFkhZ dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa 2]00]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] tks fd vf/kd izrhr gksrh gSA ftls ge la'kksf/kr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa ge 80]000@&#i;s dh jkf'k fnyok;k
[2023:RJ-JP:22690]
[CMA-1697/2018]
(12 of 14)
tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk izkFkhZ dks lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa iFkd ls dksbZ jkf’k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA vr% Hkfo"; eas gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa ge] nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dks 80]000@& #i;s iFkd ls fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA
18fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk izkFkhZ dks ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa 5]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks fd vR;f/kd de gSA ftlesa ge c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSA vr% bl en esa ge] nkokdrkZ dks 20]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA
19fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk nq?kZVuk ds i'pkr~ izkFkhZ ds bZykt ij [kpZ gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa rFkk nok vkfn ij [kpZ gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa esfMdy fcyksa ds vk/kkj ij 2]52]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS] blesa ge dksbZ gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA 20fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk izkFkhZ dks 54 fnu vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ x;h gS tks fd vR;f/kd U;wu gS] ftlesa ge c<+ksrjh fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA vr% nkokdrkZ dks 54 fnu rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa ge] nkokdrkZ dks 500@& #i;s izfrfnu ds fglkc ls dqy 27]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA
21vf/kdj.k }kjk nkokdrkZ dks ifjpkjd@lgk;d miyC/k djok;s tkus ds en esa iFkd ls dksbZ jkf’k ugha fnyokbZ x;h gSA nkokdrkZ dk nk;ka iSj tka?k ls dkVdj vyx dj fn;k x;k gSA ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i nkokdrkZ ds 'kjhj ij 80 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk gksuk ik;k x;k gSA ,sls esa nkokdrkZ viuk 'ks"k thou thus gsrq rFkk vius nSfud dk;kZsa gsrq iw.kZr;k nwljs O;fDr ij fuHkZj gks x;k gSA nkokdrkZ dh 80 izfr'kr LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk rFkk mldh vk;q dks nf"Vxr j[krs gq, ge] nkokdrkZ dks ifjpkjd@lgk;d dh en esa 1]50]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA
22mijksDr leLr foospu ds vuqlkj vihykaV chek dEiuh dh vksj lafLFkr vihy la[;k&1697@2018 esa fy;s x;s vk{ksi ekus tkus ;ksX; ugha
(13 of 14) [CMA-1697/2018]
[2023:RJ-JP:22690]
gSaA vr% chek dEiuh dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh x;h vihy vLohdkj dj [kkfjt dh tkrh gSA
23mDrkuqlkj nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh x;h vihy la[;k&1134@2018 vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSa %&
| Øe la[;k |
'kh"kZ@en | vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ x;h jkf’k |
bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1- | Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfr ds en esa |
9]60]000@& | 14]25]792@& |
| 2- | 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k ds en esa |
2]00]000@& | 80]000@& |
| 3- | Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lqfo/kk dh deh ds en esa |
'kwU; | 80]000@& |
| 4- | bZykt ds nkSjku O;; gqbZ jkf'k rFkk esfMdy fcyksa ds en esa |
2]52]000@& | 2]52]000@& |
| 5- | vLirky esa 54 fnu HkrhZ jgus dh en esa |
10]000@& | 27]000@& |
| 6- | ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa | 5]000@& | 20]000@& |
| 7- | ifjpkjd@lgk;d dh en esa |
'kwU; | 1]50]000@& |
| dqy | 14]27]000@& #i;s | 20]34]792@& #i;s |
24rn~uqlkj nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy la[;k&1134@2018 vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV ftlds }kjk fd nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ dks 14]27]000@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 20]34]792@&:i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ik;k tkrk gSaA
25chek dEiuh dh vihy la[;k&1697@2018 esa fnukad 03-04-2018 dks ikfjr vkns'k ds vuqlkj nkokdrkZ dks ns; {kfriwfrZ jkf'k dh 50 izfr'kr jkf'k dks jksd fy;k x;k FkkA mDr jkf'k dh ,QMhvkj djokbZ x;h gSA
(14 of 14)
[2023:RJ-JP:22690]
[CMA-1697/2018]
mDr LFkxu vkns'k fujLr fd;k tkdj vf/kdj.k dks funsZf'kr fd;k tkrk gS fd og] nkokdrkZ dks ns; {kfriwfrZ jkf'k vf/kdj.k ds vkns'k esa of.kZr 'krksZa ds vuqlkj nkokdrkZ dks Hkqxrku djsaA
26chek dEiuh dh vksj ls vf/kdj.k }kjk C;kt jkf’k vR;f/kd fnyok;s tkus dh vkifŸk yh x;h gSA vr% ekeys ds rF;ksa ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, nkokdrkZ@vihykFkhZ mDr jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls 8 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSaA
(ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J
LOKESH RAJ /148-149
3 issues framed by the court
Whether the claimant's contributory negligence was established by the insurance company?
What is the correct assessment of permanent disability and loss of future earning capacity?
What is the just compensation for the claimant?
Colour shows how this judgement treated each authority
Rajkumar vs. Ajay Kumar & Ors.Relied on¶48
Rajkumar vs. Ajay Kumar & Ors.: (2011) 1 Supreme Court Cases 343
National Insurance Company Ltd. vs. Pranay Sethi & Ors.Relied on¶80
National Insurance Company Ltd. vs. Pranay Sethi & Ors.: (2017) 16 SCC 680 · Who else cites this
1 provisions across 1 enactments
Reliance General Insurance Company Limited
Shri Kishan Mehta
Shri Hari Shankar Jaana
Shri Vikash Malakar
Shrikishan Mehta
Reliance General Insurance Company Ltd.
Ashutosh Kumar
As recorded by the court registry
Judgements on the same questions, provisions and authorities, from every court
