Allowed

Nafe Singh & Anr. v. Union of India

Punjab & Haryana HC25 Nov 2024FAO/134/2014

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

Dependents of a man who fell from a train appealed against rejection of their railway compensation claim. The court held he was a bona fide passenger and the death arose from an untoward incident, allowed the appeal, and awarded Rs.4 lakhs with 9% interest.

What did the court decide?

Compensation of Rs.4.00 lacs under pre-amendment Schedule (Railway Accident and Untoward Incidents Compensation Rules, 1990) plus interest @9% p.a. from date of application till realization.

Nafe Singh & Anr. Vs Union of India — Punjab & Haryana HC (2024) — LawSathi Research

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FAO No.134 of 2014

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125.14

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH

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Reserved on 30^th of August, 2024 Pronounced on 25^th November, 2024

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FAO No.134 of 2014

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Nafe Singh and another ....Appellants

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Versus

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Union of India ...Respondent

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CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE PANKAJ JAIN

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Present : Mr. Ashish Rana, Advocate for Mr. S.K. Rana, Advocate for the appellants.

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Mr. Narender Kumar Vashisht, Sr. Panel Counsel for the respondent-UOI.

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PANKAJ JAIN, J. (ORAL)

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The appeal has been preferred by the dependents of the deceased-Suresh s/o Shri Nafe Singh.

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Pleaded case of the claimants is that on 04.03.2010 the deceased was going to Jind from Pillukhera by train. When the train covered some distance, he accidentally fell down from the train and seriously injured. He was admitted to the hospital by GRP and railway employees where he scummed to his injuries.

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The respondent railway contested the claim on the ground that no untoward incident occurred causing accident of the deceased within the meaning of Section 123(c)(2) read with Section 124A of the Railways Act,

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Deepak Kumar 2024.11.25 11:11 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document

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FAO No.134 of 2014

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nor the deceased was a bonafide passenger, the present application is not

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maintainable.

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On the basis of the pleadings, following issues were framed:

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“1. Whether the deceased was a bonafide passenger at the time of incident?

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Whether the incident is covered within ambit of section 123 (c) (2) read with section 124-A of the Railways Act?

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Whether the applicants are the sole dependants of the deceased?

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Relief.

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Whether the deceased was guilty of self- inflicted injury for which respondent railway is not liable to pay compensation?”

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Tribunal rejected the claim, holding that the deceased was not a passenger of any train at the time of the alleged incident and he jumped in front of the engine of train. Hence, he is not a bonafide passenger, and the applicants cannot maintain the claim petition.

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Counsel for the appellants submits that the Tribunal has totally misread the evidence on record and rejected the claim of the claimants.

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I have heard counsel for the parties and have carefully gone through the records of the case.

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Section 124A deals with liability of Railways to pay compensation to the victims on account of injuries/loss of life suffered owing to untoward incidents and accidents involving Railways. The aforesaid provision came on the statute book by way of Railways Amendment Act, 28 of 1994. The same has come up for consideration

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Deepak Kumar 2024.11.25 11:11 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document

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FAO No.134 of 2014

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before Supreme Court in the case of Rathi Menon vs. Union of India (2001) 3 SCC 714, Union of India vs. Prabhakaran Vijaya Kumar and others, (2008) 9 SCC 527, Jameela and others vs. Union of India, 2010 AIR SC 3705, Union of India vs. Rina Devi, (2019) 3 SCC 572 and Doli Rani Saha vs. Union of India, Civil Appeal No.8605 of 2024 (Arising out of SLP (C) No.32962 of 2018).

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9 . After considering the aforesaid precedents, this Court dealt the issue elaborately in the case of Sandeep Narula and ors versus Union of India bearing FAO No. 2700 of 2016 and culled out the following parameters:

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“15. In view of above, the following proposition can be culled :

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(i) Railway is liable to pay to an injured passenger or to the dependents of a passenger killed in an untoward incident involving railways. The passenger for the purpose of Chapter XIII of the Railways Act does not necessarily mean a passenger as contemplated under Section 2(29) of the 1989 Act. Rather explanation appended to Section 124A provides that the passenger shall include:

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a) a railway servant on duty;

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b) a person who has purchased a valid ticket for traveling by a train carrying passengers on any date; or

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c) a valid platform ticket and becomes a victim of an untoward incident.

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The definition is inclusive. It does not exclude any category. Definition of ‘passenger’ as appended to Section 124A by explanation is much wider than the definition of ‘passenger’ as provided under Section 2(29) of the 1989 Act.

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Deepak Kumar 2024.11.25 11:11 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document

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FAO No.134 of 2014

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(ii) As per the dictum of law laid down in Rina Devi’s case (supra), once an affidavit is filed by the claimant that the victim was traveling on a valid ticket, the initial burden to prove that the victim was a bona fide passenger stands discharged. Thereafter, it is for the Railways to rebut the same to prove otherwise.

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(iii) Untoward incident is different from accident. ‘Untoward incident’ is defined under Section 123(c) of the 1989 Act. Under five situations as contemplated under proviso appended to Section 124A, the Railway Administration may be absolved of its liability. Any other situation that does not fall within the ambit of proviso appended to Section 124-A, invites liability of Railway Administration to pay compensation. The compensation needs to be paid as per the mandate of statute as interpreted by Supreme Court in Rina Devi’s case (supra).

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(iv) The liability of the Railway Administration is based on the ‘principle of strict liability’. Plea of ‘no fault of railways’ or ‘negligence of the victim’ is not available to the Railway Administration.

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In the present case, claimant filed an affidavit specifically claiming that the deceased was travelling on 2^nd class ticket No. 67312 and was a bonafide passenger. The evidence adduced by the claimant has gone unrebutted. In terms of the ratio of law laid down by Apex Court in Rina Devi’s case (supra) , the Tribunal ought not have returned the finding that the deceased was not a bona fide passenger.

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In view of the above, the findings recorded by the Tribunal need to be reversed.

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Deepak Kumar 2024.11.25 11:11 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document

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FAO No.134 of 2014

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There is no evidence on record to prove any intentional act on part of the deceased which led to loss of his life. The incident does not fall within the five exceptions as contemplated under the proviso appended to Section 124A of the 1989 Act. Thus, the respondent/ Railways cannot be absolved of its liability and is required to pay compensation.

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As a sequel of the discussion held hereinabove, it is held that the injured was a bona fide passenger, who suffered injuries in an untoward incident. Consequently, the present appeal is allowed.

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Relief:

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The accident relates to the year 2010. Thus, the compensation awarded to the appellants shall be as per Part I of the Schedule appended to the Railway Accident and Untoward Incidents (Compensation) Rules, 1990 prior to amendment dated 1^st of January, 2017 i.e. Rs.4.00 lacs along with interest @ 9% per annum payable for the period from the date of application till the date of actual realization.

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November 25, 2024	(Pankaj Jain)
Dpr	Judge
Whether speaking/reasoned	: Yes/No
Whether reportable	: Yes/No

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Deepak Kumar 2024.11.25 11:11 I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document

Nafe Singh & Anr. v. Union of India

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Nafe Singh & Anr. v. Union of India

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

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