John Pv, Vs the State of Kerala

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2025:KER:21774

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM

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PRESENT

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THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE V.G.ARUN

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TUESDAY, THE 11TH DAY OF MARCH 2025/20TH PHALGUNA, 1946

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CRL.MC NO.2088 OF 2025

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CRIME NO.1049/2024 OF VANCHIYOOR POLICE STATION,

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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

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PETITIONER/PETITIONER

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JOHN PV,
AGED 49 YEARS,
S/O VARGHESE, PADAYATTIL, KARUKIDAM,
PUTHUPPADY, KOTHAMNGALAM, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT,
PIN - 686673

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BY ADVS.
K.S.ARUN KUMAR
VIJAY SANKAR V.H.
AMRUTHA K P
AMRUTHA P S
JERIN JOSEPH

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RESPONDENTS/RESPONDENTS

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1 THE STATE OF KERALA, REPRESENTED BY PUBLIC PROSECUTOR, HIGH COURT OF KERALA, ERNAKULAM, PIN - 682031

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2 THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE, STATE POLICE HEADQUARTERS, VELLAYAMBALAM, CITY-THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695010

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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3 STATION HOUSE OFFICER, VANCHIYOOR POLICE STATION, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DISTRICT, PIN - 695035

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4BRANCH MANAGER,
BANK OF MAHARASHTRA, ANGAMALY BRANCH,
CHHAKKIATH PLAZA, NEARBY SUZUKI SHOWROOM, SH 1,
ALUVA, ANGAMALY, KERALA,
PIN - 683572

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SMT. PUSHPALATHA. M.K, SR.PP. SRI. T.A. PRAKASH,
SC FOR BANK OF MAHARASHTRA.

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THIS CRIMINAL MISC. CASE HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION
ON 11.03.2025, ALONG WITH Crl.MC.2074/2025, 2075/2025 AND
CONNECTED CASES, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY PASSED THE
FOLLOWING:

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM

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PRESENT

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THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE V.G.ARUN

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TUESDAY, THE 11TH DAY OF MARCH 2025/20TH PHALGUNA, 1946

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CRL.MC NO.2074 OF 2025

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CRIME NO.1049/2024 OF VANCHIYOOR POLICE STATION,

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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

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PETITIONER/PETITIONER

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RANJUMOL K V,
AGED 47 YEARS,
W/O JOHN PV, PADAYATTIL, KARUKIDAM,
PUTHUPPADY, KOTHAMNGALAM, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT,
PIN - 686673

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BY ADVS.
K.S.ARUN KUMAR
VIJAY SANKAR V.H.
AMRUTHA P S
AMRUTHA K P
JERIN JOSEPH

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RESPONDENT(S)/ RESPONDENT

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1THE STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY PUBLIC PROSECUTOR,
HIGH COURT OF KERALA, ERNAKULAM,
PIN - 682031

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2 THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE, STATE POLICE HEADQUARTERS,VELLAYAMBALAM, CITY-THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695010

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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3 STATION HOUSE OFFICER, VANCHIYOOR POLICE STATION, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DISTRICT, PIN - 695035

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4BRANCH MANAGER,
BANK OF MAHARASHTRA, ANGAMALY BRANCH,
CHHAKKIATH PLAZA, NEARBY SUZUKI SHOWROOM, SH 1,
ALUVA, ANGAMALY, KERALA,
PIN - 683572

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SMT. PUSHPALATHA. M.K, SR.PP. SRI. T.A. PRAKASH,
SC FOR BANK OF MAHARASHTRA.

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THIS CRIMINAL MISC. CASE HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION
ON 11.03.2025, ALONG WITH Crl.MC.2088/2025 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY PASSED THE FOLLOWING:

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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2025:KER:21774

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM

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PRESENT

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THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE V.G.ARUN

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TUESDAY, THE 11TH DAY OF MARCH 2025/20TH PHALGUNA, 1946

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CRL.MC NO.2075 OF 2025

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PETITIONER/PETITIONER

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RANJUMOL K V,
AGED 47 YEARS,
W/O JOHN PV, PADAYATTIL, KARUKIDAM, PUTHUPPADY,
KOTHAMNGALAM, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT,
PIN - 686673

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BY ADVS.
K.S.ARUN KUMAR
VIJAY SANKAR V.H.
AMRUTHA P S
AMRUTHA K P
JERIN JOSEPH

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RESPONDENT(S)/RESPONDENT

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1THE STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY PUBLIC PROSECUTOR,
HIGH COURT OF KERALA, ERNAKULAM,
PIN - 682031

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2 THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE, STATE POLICE HEADQUARTERS, VELLAYAMBALAM, CITY THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695010

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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3 STATION HOUSE OFFICER, VANCHIYOOR POLICE STATION, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DISTRICT, PIN - 695035

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4BRANCH MANAGER,
BANK OF MAHARASHTRA, KOTHAMANGALAM BRANCH, NEARBY
ANN THEATRE COMPLEX, KOCHI-DHANUSHKODI HIGHWAY,
KOTHAMANGALAM, KERALA,
PIN - 686691

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SRI. M.C. ASHI, PP. SRI. T.A. PRAKASH, SC FOR BANK
OF MAHARASHTRA.

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THIS CRIMINAL MISC. CASE HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION
ON 11.03.2025, ALONG WITH Crl.MC.2088/2025 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY PASSED THE FOLLOWING:

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM

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PRESENT

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THE HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE V.G.ARUN

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TUESDAY, THE 11TH DAY OF MARCH 2025/20TH PHALGUNA, 1946

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CRL.MC NO.2085 OF 2025

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CRIME NO.1049/2024 OF VANCHIYOOR POLICE STATION,

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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

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PETITIONER(S)/PETITIONER

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DIYA MARIA,
AGED 23 YEARS
D/O JOHN PV, PADAYATTIL, KARUKIDAM,
PUTHUPPADY, KOTHAMNGALAM, ERNAKULAM DISTRICT,
PIN - 686673

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BY ADVS.
K.S.ARUN KUMAR
VIJAY SANKAR V.H.
AMRUTHA P S
AMRUTHA K P
JERIN JOSEPH

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RESPONDENT(S)/RESPONDENT

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1THE STATE OF KERALA,
REPRESENTED BY PUBLIC PROSECUTOR,
HIGH COURT OF KERALA, ERNAKULAM,
PIN - 682031

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2 THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE, STATE POLICE HEADQUARTERS, VELLAYAMBALAM, CITY-THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695010

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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3 STATION HOUSE OFFICER, VANCHIYOOR POLICE STATION, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DISTRICT, PIN - 695035

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4BRANCH MANAGER,
BANK OF MAHARASHTRA, KOTHAMANGALAM BRANCH,
NEARBY ANN THEATRE COMPLEX, KOCHI-DHANUSHKODI
HIGHWAY, KOTHAMANGALAM, KERALA,
PIN - 686691

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SRI. M.C. ASHI, PP. SRI. T.A. PRAKASH, SC FOR BANK
OF MAHARASHTRA.

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THIS CRIMINAL MISC. CASE HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION
ON 11.03.2025, ALONG WITH Crl.MC.2088/2025 AND CONNECTED
CASES, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY PASSED THE FOLLOWING:

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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ORDER

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The petitioner in Crl.MC No. 2088 of 2025 is the

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4^th accused in Crime No.1049 of 2024 registered at the Vanchiyoor Police Station, Thiruvananthapuram for offences under Sections 316(2) and 318(4) r/w Section 3(5) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 while the petitioner in CrlMC Nos.2074 and 2075 of 2025 is his wife and the petitioner in Crl.MC No. 2085 of 2025 is his daughter. The crime is registered on the allegation that accused Nos.1 and 2 purchased gold worth Rs.1,84,97,100/- from Rajakumari Gold and Diamonds and issued a cheque for the said amount towards discharge of the said liability. The cheque on presentation, was returned with the endorsement “payment stopped by drawer”. Despite repeated requests, accused Nos.1 and 2 failed to make the payment. The petitioners are alleged to have helped

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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accused Nos.1 and 2 in converting their ornaments into gold ingots for the purpose of sale. During the course of investigation, Annexure-II notices were issued to the Managers of the Bank of Maharashtra, Angamaly & Kothamangalam Branches, directing not to release the gold ornaments pledged by the petitioners viz., 4^th accused, his wife and daughter. Even though the petitioners approached the jurisdictional court seeking to get the freeze lifted, their applications were dismissed by the impugned orders. Hence, these Criminal Miscellaneous Cases.

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Learned Counsel for the petitioners submitted that the incident based on which the crime was registered occurred on 17.09.2024 and the FIR was registered on 12.10.2024, whereas the petitioners had pledged their gold ornaments much earlier. It is pointed out that in Crl.MC No. 2088 of 2025 the gold was pledged on 24.05.2024 , 27.05.2024 and 31.05.2024 in Crl.MC

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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No.2074 of 2025, on 27.06.2024 and 02.09.2024, in Crl.MC No.2075 of 2025, on 18.01.2024 and 24.04.2024, and in Crl.MC No.2085 of 2025, on 30.12.2023. It is hence contended that the investigating officer had exceeded his powers by directing the bank to freeze the gold ornaments and the court below committed gross illegality by refusing to lift the freeze.

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Learned Public Prosecutor submitted that

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the court below was right in observing that it is not conferred with the power to lift the freeze with respect to articles which are not seized or produced in the court. Learned Public Prosecutor also pointed out that the de facto complainant should be heard before taking a decision on the matter.

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Learned Standing Counsel for the Bank submitted that his client had acted in accordance with the directives of the investigating officer and has no objection in releasing the gold, if the petitioners remit

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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the entire arrears due towards the gold loan account.

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The documents on record evidently prove

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that the petitioners had pledged their ornaments prior to the alleged incident. The fact that the ornaments were pledged on the dates mentioned in the receipts produced along with these Crl.M.C.s is not disputed by the learned Standing Counsel for the Bank. As such, the de facto complainant cannot have any claim over those ornaments. The power to seize a property is conferred on the investigating officer vide Section 106 of the BNSS. As per sub-section (3) of Section 106, the officer effecting the seizure has to forthwith report the seizure to the Magistrate having jurisdiction. This Court in Enrica Lexie M.T v. Doramma [2012 KHC 4259] has held that, even though the police is conferred with the power to effect seizure, such power can only be invoked in accordance with the procedure prescribed. The violation of the procedure would result in denial of right

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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of a citizen to enjoy his property guaranteed under Article 300(A) of the Constitution of India.

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On consideration of the facts and

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circumstances involved, this Court is of the opinion that the direction to keep petitioners' gold ornaments under seizure is illegal and the investigation will not in any manner be affected by the gold ornaments being released.

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In the result, these Crl.MCs are allowed, and the impugned orders are quashed. The gold ornaments pledged by the petitioners with the 4^th respondent bank shall be released to them, on payment of the arrears if any due towards the gold loan accounts.

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Sd/- V.G.ARUN JUDGE

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Cak

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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APPENDIX OF CRL.MC 2074/2025

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PETITIONER’S ANNEXURES

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`ANNEXURE-I`	`A COPY OF THE FIR` `OF` `VANCHIYOOR` `THIRUVANANTHAPURAM`	`IN C` `DIS`	`RIME` `POLIC` `TRICT`	`NO. 1049/2024` `E` `STATION,`
`ANNEXURE-II`	`A COPY OF THE CO` `THE 3`^RD`RESPONDENT` `DATED NIL`	`MMUN` `TO`	`ICAT` `THE`	`ION ISSUED BY` `4`^TH`RESPONDENT`
`ANNEXURE-III`	`A COPY OF 1`^ST`PAGE` `THE PETITIONER WI` `BANK DATED NIL`	`OF` `TH`	`THE` `THE`	`PASS BOOK OF` `4`^TH`RESPONDENT`
`ANNEXURE-IV`	`COPY OF THE RECEI` `RESPONDENT IN FAVOR`	`PTS` `OF`	`ISSU` `THE`	`ED BY THE 4`^TH `PETITIONER`
`ANNEXURE-V`	`A COPY OF THE OR` `THIRUVANANTHAPURAM` `CMP NO.102/2025 IN` `VANCHIYOOR POLICE S`	`DER` `DA` `CRI` `TAT`	`OF` `TED` `ME N` `ION`	`THE JFCM-XI,` `17/02/2025 IN` `O.1049/2024 OF`

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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APPENDIX OF CRL.MC 2075/2025

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PETITIONER’S ANNEXURES

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`ANNEXURE-I`	`A COPY OF THE FIR` `OF` `VANCHIYOOR` `THIRUVANANTHAPURAM`	`IN C` `P` `DIS`	`RIME NO.` `OLICE` `TRICT`	`1049/2024` `STATION,`
`ANNEXURE-II`	`A COPY OF THE CO` `THE 3`^RD`RESPONDENT` `DATED NIL`	`MMUN` `TO`	`ICATION` `THE 4`^TH	`ISSUED BY` `RESPONDENT`
`ANNEXURE-III`	`A COPY OF 1`^ST`PAGE` `THE PETITIONER WI` `BANK DATED NIL`	`OF` `TH`	`THE PA` `THE 4`^TH	`SS BOOK OF` `RESPONDENT`
`ANNEXURE-IV`	`COPY OF THE RECEI` `RESPONDENT IN FAVOR`	`PTS` `OF`	`ISSUED` `THE PET`	`BY THE 4`^TH `ITIONER`
`ANNEXURE-V`	`A COPY OF THE OR` `THIRUVANANTHAPURAM` `CMP NO.103/2025 IN` `VANCHIYOOR POLICE S`	`DER` `DA` `CRI` `TAT`	`OF TH` `TED 17/` `ME NO.10` `ION`	`E JFCM-XI,` `02/2025 IN` `49/2024 OF`

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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APPENDIX OF CRL.MC 2085/2025

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PETITIONER’S ANNEXURES

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`ANNEXURE-I`	`A COPY OF THE FIR` `OF` `VANCHIYOOR` `THIRUVANANTHAPURAM`	`IN C` `P` `DIS`	`RIME` `OLIC` `TRICT`	`NO. 1049/2024` `E` `STATION,`
`ANNEXURE-II`	`A COPY OF THE CO` `THE 3`^RD`RESPONDENT` `DATED 22/11/2024`	`MMUN` `TO`	`ICAT` `THE`	`ION ISSUED BY` `4`^TH`RESPONDENT`
`ANNEXURE-III`	`A COPY OF 1`^ST`PAGE` `THE PETITIONER WI` `BANK DATED NIL`	`OF` `TH`	`THE` `THE`	`PASS BOOK OF` `4`^TH`RESPONDENT`
`ANNEXURE-IV`	`COPY OF THE RECEI` `RESPONDENT IN FAVOR`	`PTS` `OF`	`ISSU` `THE`	`ED BY THE 4`^TH `PETITIONER`
`ANNEXURE-V`	`A COPY OF THE OR` `THIRUVANANTHAPURAM` `CMP NO.101/2025 IN` `VANCHIYOOR POLICE S`	`DER` `DA` `CRI` `TAT`	`OF` `TED` `ME N` `ION`	`THE JFCM-XI,` `17/02/2025 IN` `O.1049/2024 OF`

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2025:KER:21774

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Crl.MC Nos.2088/2025, 2074/2025, 2075/2025, 2085/2025

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APPENDIX OF CRL.MC 2088/2025

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PETITIONER’S ANNEXURES

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`ANNEXURE-I`	`A COPY OF THE FIR` `OF` `VANCHIYOOR` `THIRUVANANTHAPURAM`	`IN C` `P` `DIS`	`RIME NO.` `OLICE` `TRICT`	`1049/2024` `STATION,`
`ANNEXURE-II`	`A COPY OF THE CO` `THE 3`^RD`RESPONDENT` `DATED 25/11/2024`	`MMUN` `TO`	`ICATION` `THE 4`^TH	`ISSUED BY` `RESPONDENT`
`ANNEXURE-III`	`A COPY OF 1`^ST`PAGE` `THE PETITIONER WI` `BANK DATED NIL`	`OF` `TH`	`THE PA` `THE 4`^TH	`SS BOOK OF` `RESPONDENT`
`ANNEXURE -IV`	`COPY OF THE RECEI` `RESPONDENT IN FAVOR`	`PTS` `OF`	`ISSUED` `THE PET`	`BY THE 4`^TH `ITIONER`
`ANNEXURE-V`	`A COPY OF THE OR` `THIRUVANANTHAPURAM` `CMP NO.100/2025 IN` `VANCHIYOOR POLICE S`	`DER` `DA` `CRI` `TAT`	`OF TH` `TED 17/` `ME NO.10` `ION`	`E JFCM-XI,` `02/2025 IN` `49/2024 OF`

John Pv, v. the State of Kerala

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John Pv, v. the State of Kerala

Case brief

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