Balwant Singh Vs State of Hp

¶1

( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶2

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA

¶3

Cr. MP (M) No. 709 of 2026 Reserved on: 27.04.2026 Date of Decision: 04.05.2026.

¶4

Balwant Singh ...Petitioner

¶5

versus

¶6

State of Himachal Pradesh ...Respondent

¶7

Coram s

¶8

Hon’ble Mr Justice Rakesh Kainthla , Judge. Whether approved for reporting?¹ No For the Petitioner : Mr M.L. Sharma, Advocate. For the Respondent : Mr. Lokender Kutlehria, Additional Advocate General.

¶9

Rakesh Kainthla, Judge

¶10

The petitioner has filed the present petition seeking pre-arrest bail in FIR No. 44 of 2026 dated 07.04.2026, registered at Police Station Barotiwala, for the commission of offences punishable under Section 331 (4) and 305 read with Section 3 (5) of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023.

¶11

It has been asserted that police had arrested Mahajan Singh and Mahender Singh, who were released on bail by the

¶12

1 Whether reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment? Yes.

¶13

2 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶14

learned Additional CJM, Kasauli, on 20.04.2026. The petitioner’s name was mentioned by the police in the status report filed before learned Additional CJM Kasauli, and the petitioner came to know that he was being falsely implicated. The petitioner is a permanent resident of Mandi. He will abide by the terms and conditions that the Court may impose. No recovery is to be made from the petitioner, and his identification is also not required. Hence, it was prayed that the present petition be allowed and the petitioner be released on interim bail.

¶15

The State has filed a copy of the FIR in which it was asserted that the informant was posted in M/s ANG Lifesciences India Ltd. The store was inspected on 03.03.2026 at 2:30 PM, and it was found that the APIs and four boxes were missing. These were worth ₹ 8-9 lakh. This stock was available in the store as per the verification made on 14.02.2026. The search was made for the material, but it could not be found in the CCTV footage, which was checked, and it was found that the material was being transported on 02.03.2026 at about 11:05 PM. The police registered the FIR and investigated the matter.

¶16

3 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶17

I have heard Mr M.L. Sharma, learned counsel for the petitioner and Mr Lokender Kutlehria, learned Additional Advocate General for the respondent-State.

¶18

Mr M.L. Sharma, learned counsel for the petitioner, submitted that the petitioner is innocent and that he was falsely implicated. There is no material to connect him to the commission of a crime. The petitioner would join the investigation as and when directed to do so. Hence, he prayed that the present petition be allowed and the petitioner be released on bail.

¶19

Mr Lokender Kutlehria, learned Additional Advocate General for the respondent-State, submitted that the petitioner is the main conspirator. He did not co-operate with the investigation after he was granted interim bail by the learned Sessions Judge, Solan. The destination of the drugs/API is to be determined, and the details of the crime are to be unearthed. Hence, the petitioner’s custodial interrogation is necessary. He prayed that the present petition be dismissed.

¶20

4 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶21

I have given a considerable thought to the submissions made at the bar and have gone through the records carefully.

¶22

It was laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in P. Chidambaram v. Directorate of Enforcement, (2019) 9 SCC 24: (2019) 3 SCC (Cri) 509: 2019 SCC OnLine SC 1143 that arrest is a part of the investigation procedure. The power of pre-arrest bail is extraordinary and should be sparingly exercised. It was observed:

¶23

“69. Ordinarily, an arrest is a part of the procedure of the investigation to secure not only the presence of the accused but also several other purposes. Power under Section 438 Cr.P.C. is an extraordinary power, and the same has to be exercised sparingly. The privilege of prearrest bail should be granted only in exceptional cases. The judicial discretion conferred upon the court has to be properly exercised after application of mind as to the nature and gravity of the accusation; the possibility of the applicant fleeing justice, and other factors to decide whether it is a fit case for the grant of anticipatory bail. Grant of anticipatory bail to some extent interferes with the sphere of investigation of an offence, and hence, the court must be circumspect while exercising such power for the grant of anticipatory bail. Anticipatory bail is not to be granted as a matter of rule, and it has to be granted only when the court is convinced that exceptional circumstances exist to resort to that extraordinary remedy.”

¶24

5 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶25

9. This position was reiterated in Srikant Upadhyay v.

¶26

State of Bihar, 2024 SCC OnLine SC 282, wherein it was held:

¶27

“25. We have already held that the power to grant anticipatory bail is extraordinary. Though in many cases it was held that bail is said to be a rule, it cannot, by any stretch of the imagination, be said that anticipatory bail is the rule. It cannot be the rule, and the question of its grant should be left to the cautious and judicious discretion of the Court, depending on the facts and circumstances of each case. While called upon to exercise the said power, the Court concerned has to be very cautious, as the grant of interim protection or protection to the accused in serious cases may lead to a miscarriage of justice and may hamper the investigation to a great extent, as it may sometimes lead to tampering or distraction of the evidence. We shall not be understood to have held that the Court shall not pass interim protection pending consideration of such application as the Section is destined to safeguard the freedom of an individual against unwarranted arrest, and we say that such orders shall be passed in eminently fit cases.”

¶28

It was held in Pratibha Manchanda v. State of Haryana,

¶29

(2023) 8 SCC 181: 2023 SCC OnLine SC 785 that the Courts should balance individual rights, public interest and fair investigation while considering an application for pre-arrest bail. It was observed:

¶30

“21. The relief of anticipatory bail is aimed at safeguarding individual rights. While it serves as a crucial tool to prevent the misuse of the power of arrest and protects innocent individuals from harassment, it also presents challenges in maintaining a delicate balance between individual rights and the interests of justice. The tightrope we must walk lies

¶31

6 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶32

in striking a balance between safeguarding individual rights and protecting public interest. While the right to liberty and presumption of innocence are vital, the court must also consider the gravity of the offence, the impact on society, and the need for a fair and free investigation. The court's discretion in weighing these interests in the facts and circumstances of each case becomes crucial to ensure a just outcome.”

¶33

It was held in Devinder Kumar Bansal v. State of Punjab , (2025) 4 SCC 493: 2025 SCC OnLine SC 488 that pre-arrest bail can be granted in exceptional circumstances where the Court is of the view that the petitioner was falsely implicated in the case, and the presumption of innocence cannot be a reason to

¶34

grant bail. It was observed on page 501:

¶35

“21. The parameters for the grant of anticipatory bail in a serious offence like corruption are required to be satisfied. Anticipatory bail can be granted only in exceptional circumstances where the court is prima facie of the view that the applicant has been falsely implicated in the crime or the allegations are politically motivated or are frivolous. So far as the case at hand is concerned, it cannot be said that any exceptional circumstances have been made out by the petitioner-accused for the grant of anticipatory bail, and there is no frivolity in the prosecution.

¶36

22. In the aforesaid context, we may refer to a pronouncement in CBI v. V. Vijay Sai Reddy[CBIv.V. Vijay Sai Reddy, (2013) 7 SCC 452: (2013) 3 SCC (Cri) 563] , wherein this Court expressed thus: (SCC p. 465, para 34)

¶37

“ 34 . While granting bail, the court has to keep in mind the nature of accusation, the nature of evidence in support thereof, the severity of the punishment which conviction will entail, the character of the accused,

¶38

7 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶39

circumstances which are peculiar to the accused, reasonable possibility of securing the presence of the accused at the trial, reasonable apprehension of the witnesses being tampered with, the larger interests of the public/State and other similar considerations. It has also to be kept in mind that for the purpose of granting bail, the legislature has used the words “reasonable grounds for believing” instead of “the evidence” which means the court dealing with the grant of bail can only satisfy itself as to whether there is a genuine case against the accused and that the prosecution will be able to produce prima facie evidence in support of the charge. It is not expected, at this stage, to have the evidence establishing the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt .” (emphasis in original and supplied)

¶40

23. The presumption of innocence, by itself, cannot be the sole consideration for the grant of anticipatory bail. The presumption of innocence is one of the considerations that the court should keep in mind while considering the plea for anticipatory bail. The salutary rule is to balance the cause of the accused and the cause of public justice. Over-solicitous homage to the accused's liberty can, sometimes, defeat the cause of public justice.

¶41

The present petition has to be decided as per the parameters laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court.

¶42

The order passed by the learned Sessions Judge shows that the petitioner was found to be the main conspirator. He was identified in CCTV footage, and the offence was committed in an organised manner on more than one occasion. The petitioner is to be interrogated to unearth the magnitude of

¶43

8 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶44

the crime. These findings, recorded by a learned Sessions Judge, show that the petitioner was identified as one of the thieves in the CCTV footage. The FIR mentions that articles worth ₹ 8-9 lakhs were missing from the factory. The stolen articles were API of various drugs which cannot be manufactured without a drug license. This material cannot be sold in the open market to anyone, and only a licence-holder can purchase it. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the source of the drugs and the plea taken by the State that the petitioner’s custodial interrogation is necessary is to be accepted as correct. It was laid down by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in State Versus Anil Sharma (1997) 7 SCC 187 that where custodial interrogation is required, pre-arrest bail should not be granted. It was observed:

¶45

“6. We find force in the submission of the CBI that custodial interrogation is qualitatively more elicitationoriented than questioning a suspect who is wellensconced with a favourable order under Section 438 of the Code. In a case like this, effective interrogation of a suspected person is of tremendous advantage in disinterring much useful information and also materials which would have been concealed. Success in such interrogation would elude if the suspected person knows that he is well protected and insulated by a pre-arrest bail order during the time he is interrogated. Very often, interrogation in such a condition would reduce to a mere ritual. The argument that the custodial interrogation is fraught with the danger of the person being subjected to

¶46

9 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶47

third-degree methods need not be countenanced, for such an argument can be advanced by all accused in all criminal cases. The Court has to presume that responsible Police Officers would conduct themselves in a responsible manner and that those entrusted with the task of disinterring offences would not conduct themselves as offenders.”

¶48

A similar view was taken by the Delhi High Court in

¶49

Mukesh Khurana v. State (NCT of Delhi), 2022 SCC OnLine Del 1032,

¶50

wherein it was observed: -

¶51

“13. One of the significant factors in determining this question would be the need for custodial interrogation. Without a doubt, custodial interrogation is more effective to question a suspect. The cocoon of protection afforded by a bail order insulates the suspect, and he could thwart interrogation, reducing it to futile rituals. But it must also be kept in mind that while interrogation of a suspect is one of the basic and effective methods of crime solving, the liberty of an individual also needs to be balanced out.”

¶52

It was held in P Chidambaram (supra) that the grant

¶53

of pre-arrest bail may hamper the investigations. It was

¶54

observed:

¶55

“83. Grant of anticipatory bail at the stage of investigation may frustrate the investigating agency in interrogating the accused and in collecting useful information, and also the materials which might have been concealed. Success in such interrogation would elude if the accused knows that he is protected by the order of the court. Grant of anticipatory bail, particularly in economic offences, would definitely hamper the effective investigation. Having regard to the materials said to have been collected by the respondent

¶56

10 ( 2026:HHC:14271 )

¶57

Enforcement Directorate and considering the stage of the investigation, we are of the view that it is not a fit case to grant anticipatory bail.”

¶58

It was submitted that the co-accused has been released on bail by the learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Kasauli and the petitioner is entitled to bail on the principle of parity. This submission cannot be accepted. The parity can only be claimed when the role of the petitioner and the co-accused is the same. In the present case, the petitioner was seen in the CCTV footage, and his role is different from that of the accused. Further, the fact that the co-accused were released by the learned Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate shows that they were released on regular bail. The consideration for regular bail and pre-arrest bail is different, and no parity can be claimed in the present case.

¶59

No other point was urged.

¶60

In view of the above, the present petition fails and it is dismissed.

¶61

The observations made herein before shall remain confined to the disposal of the petition and will have no bearing, whatsoever, on the merits of the case.

¶62

( Rakesh Kainthla)

¶63

4^th May, 2026 (Ritu)

Balwant Singh v. State of Hp

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Balwant Singh v. State of Hp

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

Issues for consideration

Cases cited

Statutes considered

Procedural history

Parties & counsel

Coram

Case details

Similar cases

Ayush Vs State of H.P.

Rajiv Jassi Vs State of Hp

Yaseen Vs State of Hp

Rajinder Singh Vs Hari Singh

Ravi Kumar (Surety) Vs State of Hp

Karan Kumar Vs State of Hp