Under Section 19 of the Recovery of Debts and Bankruptcy Act, 1993, a Debt Recovery Tribunal may, on proof of admission of debt, execution of security documents, and non-repayment, pass orders for recovery of the amount due with interest.
Where a loan facility is availed and subsequently turns into an Non-Performing Asset (NPA) due to the borrowers' default, and the borrowers fail to appear in proceedings despite service of summons, their case remains unrebutted.
In such ex parte proceedings, documentary evidence filed by the bank, including application forms, loan agreements, security deeds, renewal letters, and account statements, is sufficient to prove the creation of security interest, availment of credit facilities, and specific defaults. If the evidence satisfies the Tribunal that the debt exists and is legally enforceable, the Recovery Certificate must be issued.
The Tribunal possesses the power to modify interest rates where appropriate. In the present case, although the claim was calculated at the agreed rate, the Tribunal deemed it equitable to allow the recovery with reduced simple interest of 8% p.a. from the date of filing the Application until realization.
Upon allowing the Original Application, the Tribunal orders: (i) issuance of a Recovery Certificate for the aggregate sum of Rs. 35,83,782/- with 8% p.a. simple interest; (ii) recovery proceedings against defendants jointly, severally, and personally, as well as against the schedule property (vehicle); and (iii) applicability of Section 19(21)(i) of the RDB Act read with Rule 16 of DRT (Procedure) Rules, 1993 for communication of orders.