Allowed

Canara Bank v. Messers P L Industries Private Limited

DRT21 Jun 2023OA/309/2022

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

In this original application under Section 19 of the RDBFIA, 1993, the Debts Recovery Tribunal allowed Canara Bank's claim for a recovery certificate of over Rs. 2.23 crores. The respondents failed to appear or file a defense, leaving the bank's evidence substantiating the default on term loans and credit facilities unchallenged.

What did the court decide?

Recovery Certificate issued for Rs. 2,23,50,751.72 with interest; charge kept alive on hypothecated/mortgaged properties; costs awarded.

Canara Bank versus Messers P L Industries Private… — Contract and Commercial Disputes | DRT (2023)

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O A 309/2022IDRT^Guwahali

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IN THE DEBTS RECOVERY^{TRIBUNAL,GUWAHATI}

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(North Eastern Region)

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(Tnbunal ofAssam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur,^Mizoram, Arunachal^{Pradesh& Tripura)} Before ShriShiv SharanDubev. Presidinq Offi^cer

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O.A. No. 30912022

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ln tho matter of - Canara Bank Sikh Temple Branch, S. C. Goswami Road, Panbazar, Guwahati- 78100'1, Assam. ..Applicant Vs. l) M/s P. L, lndustries and Private Limited Reoistered Office 29 A Cantonment, Goenka Market, Shillong, East Khasi Hitts, Shillong- 793002, Meghataya. Branch Office: Surekha Square, 4th Floor, Lachit Nagar, P.O. Ulubari, cuwahati- 781007, Kamrup(M), Assam. Factorv Address North East Mega Food Park Limited, Nathkuchi, Tihu, Nalbari-78'l 335, District- Nalbari, Assam 2) Sri Vishal Goenka Director of M/s P. L. lndustries^private Limited Son of Kailash Prashad Goenka, D-101, Spanish Garden, R. G. Barua Road, Guwahati- 781003, District- Kamrup(M), Assam. 3) Smti Payal Goenka Director of M/s P. L. lndustries Private Limited Daughter of Devi Dutt AgaMal, D-101, Spanish Garden, R. G. Barua Road, Guwahati- 781003, District Kamrup(M), Assam. Defendants Presence of the Counsel : For the Applicant Bank : Sri Manoj Kumar Roy, Advocate For the Defendants : Mr. Mostafa Mezbahur Zaman, Advocate (Right to file WS cum EA already closed) Dated :21106t2O23

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..Applicant

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.S l,,.ir Jvr:n'^ A..t'' )\lBGl).r Presiding Omcerl DRT Guwahali

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O A 309/2022lORT-GNahati

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JUDGMENT

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This is an application under section 19 of the Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial lnstitutions Act, 1993 filed by the Canara Bank, Sikh Temple Branch, S. C. Goswami Road, Panbazar, Guwahati- 781001, Assam, with a^prayer to issue Recovery Certificate for the sum of Rs.2,23,50,751.72 (Rupees Two crore Twenty Three Lacs Fifty Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty One and Paise Seventy Two) only as on 01-07-2022 against the defendants with^pendentelite and future interesl at contractual rates till realizaiion along wilh cosl and other relief. A few facts giving rise to the present application are as under.

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Defendant No.1 Company, through its Director i.e. Defendant Nos. 2 and 3 had approached the Applicant Bank, vide a Loan application dated 17.08.2018 and 26.09.20'18 along with^project report for financial assistance for setting up of a Extruded & Fried Snacks manufacturing unit. The defendants had also submitted a Board Resolution dated 23.08.2018 resolved for setting up a new manufacturing unit of Extruded and fried snacks and also authorizing the defendant nos.2 and 3 to sign and execule necessary documents etc. The applicant bank after considering the said application vide Sanction Memorandum daled 22.'11.2018, sanctioned a Term Loan facility of Rs. 100.00 Lacs only to the Defendant No. 1 Company under CGTMSE Scheme with interest charged al 12.20yo per annum calculated on daily product at monthly rests along with enhanced interest to be charged at the rate of 2o/o in case of default. The Term Loan was to be repaid in 84 Equal monthly lnstallments inclusive of 6 (six) months moratorium period of date of first disbursement and interest shall be serviced every monlh as and when charged. The applicant bank had also sanctioned a cash credit facility of Rs.75.00 lacs only to the Defendant No. 1 Company with interest charged at 11.6070 per annum calculated on daily^product at monthly rests. The Cash Credit loan was repayable on demand. The said Sanction Memorandum was duly accepted by the Defendant Nos. 2 and 3 in their capacity as the Oirectors of the Defendant No. 1 Company, thereby agreeing to all the terms and conditions contained therein. -sLrl cLara-

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-sLrl cLara- J.*t'q )rl [6 \ 2! ,,f Pr€siding Offcer^I oRT. Guwaheli

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O A 3o9/2o2zoRT-Guwahali

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As security for repayment of the aforesaid loan facilities i.e. Rs. 100.00 Lacs (TL) and Rs.75.00 Lacs (CC) and overall facility of Rs. 175.00 Lacs, the Defendants no. 2 and 3 in their capacity as the Directors of the Defendant No.¹ Company, had signed and executed a Common^{Hypothecation Agreement dated} 22.11.20'18 thereby not only hypothecating^{the Plant and Machinery, Book Debts,} receivables, currenl assets^{etc (more specifically describedin schedule A of the} OA) but also agreeing to all the terms^{and conditions contained therein.The} Applicant Bank further stated^{that the DefendantNos. 2 and 3 as the Directorsof} the defendant no.1 company had also^{signedand executed a Request for} Overdraft facility dated^{22.11.2018 and Pronotedated22.11.2018 thereby} promising to pay the loan amount on demand.^ln connection^{with the sanctioningof} Rs. 100.00 Lacs^(TL) and^{Rs.75.00 Lacs (CC)and overall limit of Rs.175 00 Lacs} sanctioned by lhe applicant^{bank and availed by the defendants,2 Guarantee} Agreement daled 22.1'1.2018^{was signedand executedby the defendantnos 2} and 3 being the^{Directorof the defendantno lcompanyas borrowerand the} defendant no.^{2 and 3 in their capacity as thepersonalguarantor to the saidloan} facilities. The said^{Guarantee Agreementswere covered by 2 (two) Guarantee} Covering Letter daled^{22.1'1.2018 duly signed and executed by the defendantnos'} 2 and 3, whereby^{the defendantnos.2and 3 in their capacity as the personal} guarantors had not only^{confirmedthe signingand executionof the Guarantee} Agreements dated^{22.11.2018 but also acknowledgedtheirobligationas the} personal guarantor to the^{extentof the limit mentioned in the Guarantee} Agreements.

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Besides the^{aforementioned securities,the defendant no 2 had also created} equitable mortgage^{of his immovable propertyi.e A plotof land measuring2 katha} (5.36 Are) covered^{by Dag No.289(old)/ 1628 (new) of Patta No 74(old)/ 1186} (new) of village^{jyotikuchi,1 no. karbi path, dhopolia underMouzaBeltola'Sub} registry office^{Guwahati, District - Kamrup, Assam (morespecificallydescribed} in Schedule^{B of ihe OA) in favour of the Applicant Bank by deposit of Title Deeds}

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.\L'i,/

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DRT. Guwahati

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O A. 309/2022loRT-Guwahalr

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and other land documents on 22.11.20'18. ln connection thereof, the defendant no. 2 had also confirmed the creation of equitable mortgage of the aforesaid landed property by signing and executing separate Letter Evidencing Deposit of Title Deeds all dated 22.11.2018.

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oefendant Nos. 2 and 3 in their capacity as the Directors of the Defendant No. 1 Company had again approached the Applicant Bank vide its letter dated 09.12.20'19 and Loan application dated 09.12.2019 for renewal and enhancement of cash credit facility to Rs.110.00 Lacs and after^{consideringthe said request, the} Applicant Bank vide Sanction Memorandum dated 09.12.2019.^{renewedlhe cash} credit limit with enhancement^{from Rs.75.00 Lacs to Rs.'103.00Lacs onlyto the} oefendant No. 1 Company wilh^{interest chargedat 11.05% per annum} compounded monthly along^{with enhanced interest to be charged at the rate of 2%} in case of default.^{The said loan was repayable on demand.The Defendant Nos. 2} and 3 being the director^{of the defendantno lcompanyhad signedon the said} Sanction Memorandum,^{therebyagreeingto all lhe terms and condition laid down} therein. Further,^{the Defendant Nos. 2 and 3 being the directorof the defendant} no.1 company had also^{signed and executed a Letter of Renewaldated '16 12 2019} and Link Letter dated^{16.12.2019 thereby confirming the renewaland} enhancement of^{the exislingcreditfacility and execution of loan papers/documents} as mentioned^therein.

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As security for^{repaymentof the overall credit facilitiesieRs 10000lacs} (TL) and Rs.1O3.OO Lacs^{(CC)in totalRS.203.OOLacs, the Defendantsno 2 and 3} in their capacity as^{theDirectorsof the DefendantNo l Company had signedand} executed a Supplemental^{Common HypothecationAgreemeni dated16 12 2019in} favour of the^{ApplicanlBankas securityfor repaymentof the loan Further' the} defendant^{nos. 2 and 3 in the capacity as the Director of the defendantno l} company had^{signedand executeda Pronote dated 16"12'2019 in favour of the} applicant bank^{therebypromisingto pay the enhancedloan amount alongwith} interest to the^{applicant bank on Demand}

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ln connection^{with the enhancement of cash credit limit to Rs'103 00 Lacs}

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-qL."l -^{CI^M.).&I} jJ lr6i21 U ' Presiding Offic€r ' ORT, Guwahali

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o A. 3o9/2022,/oRT-cu*ahati

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(CC) and overall limit of Rs.203.00 Lacs sanctioned by the applicant bank and availed by the defendants, 2 (two) Guarantee Agreement dated 16.12.2019 was signed and executed by the defendant nos. 2 and 3 being lhe director of the defendant no.1 company as borrower and the defendant no. 2 and 3 in their capacity as the^{personal guarantor} to the said loan facilities. The said Guarantee Agreements were covered by 2^(two) Guarantee Covering Letter dated 16.12.2019 duly signed and executed by the defendant nos. 2 and 3, whereby the defendant nos, 2 and 3 had acknowledged their obligation^{as the personal guarantor to the} extent of the limit meniioned^{in the Guarantee Agreemenls.}

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ln compliance with the terms^{and conditionsof the sanction ot the enhanced} cash credit facility to^{Rs.'lO3.OO Lacsandoverallfacilityof Rs. 203 00 lacs, the} Defendant No.^{2 had extendedthe mortgagekept as securitywith the applicant} bank for the additional^{credit limit of Rs.28.00Lacs by executing a Letter} evidencing Deposit^{of TitleDeed whereAddilional Limitis granledon the very} security dated^{'16.12-2019,thereby confirmingthe extensionof equitable mortgage} for additional^{limit in lavourofthe applicant bank'}

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Again the^{defendantnos. 2 and 3 in theircapacityas lhe Direclor of the} Defendant^{no. 1 companyhad again approachedthe applicant bankfor financial} assistanceundercanaracreditsuppoltduetocovid.lgpandemicforpaymentsof expenses^{like salary, rents etc videloan application dated 04 05 2020 and a Board} Resolution dated^{04-05.2020 and afier considering the said application the applicant} bank vide^{its Sanction Memorandum dated 04 052O2Ohad sanctioned a Term Loan} of RS.8.OO Lacsonly^{to the defendantwith interest @ 7 30 o/o p a' TheTerm Loanis to} be repaid^{in 24 monthty installmentsfrom the date of availing includingsix months} holiday^{period. lnterest is to be serviced as and when due The defendantnos2 and} 3 being^{the Director of the Oefendantno'1company had signed an undertaking dated} 04.05.2020^{thereby agreeingto all the termsand conditionscontainedin the Sanction} Memorandum^{dated O4.O52O2O The defendantnos 2 and 3 as the Director of the} Delendant^{no.lcompany, in connection with the sanclionof TermLoan under Canara} credit Support^{to Covid-19 scheme had signed and executedan Agreement cum deed}

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-c,(*i.rsl-'q^" '^D'"t"t )t1116111 I I Presidrng Olfcer^I ORT, Guwahali

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o.A 309r2022/DRr,cwahati

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of Hypothecation dated 04.05.2020, Pronote dated 04.05.2020 and Take Delivery letter to DPN dated 04.05.2020 in favour of the applicant bank thereby agreeing to all the terms and conditions contained therein and also promising to pay the Applicant Bank the entire loan amount together with interest @7.30 7o per annum with monthly rests on demand.

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ln connection with the additional credit facility of Rs.8.00 Lacs sanctioned by the applicant bank under Canara Credit support to covid-1g and overall limit of Rs.211.00 Lacs availed by the defendants, 2 (two) Guarantee Agreement dated 04.05.2020 was signed and executed by the defendant nos. 2 and 3 being the director of lhe defendant no. 1 company as borrower and the defendant no. 2 and 3 in their capacily as the personal guarantor to the said loan facilities. The said Guarantee Agreements were covered by 2 (two) Guarantee Covering Letter dated 04.05.2020 duly signed and executed by the defendant nos. 2 and 3, whereby the defendant nos. 2 and 3 acknowledged their obligation as the personal guarantor to the extent of the limit mentioned in the Guarantee Agreements.

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Again the defendant nos. 2 and 3 in their capacity as the Director of the Defendant no. 1 company had again approached the applicant bank for financial assistance under Guaranteed emergencycredit Line (GECL) scheme vide loan application dated 09.06.2020 and after considering the said application the applicant bank vide its Sanction Memorandum dated^'10.06.2020 had sanctioned a Working capital Term Loan (WCTL) of Rs.18.35 Lacs (Rupees Eighteen Lacs and Thirty five Thousand) only to the defendant with interest @ 7.50 %^p.a. The Working capital Term Loan is to be repaid in 36 monthly installments with a moratorium^period of 12 months from the date of disbursement. lnterest is to be serviced as and when due. The defendant nos. 2 and 3 being the Director of the Defendant^no.1 company^had signed on the said Sanction Memorandum thereby^agreeing to^{all the termsand} conditions contained therein. The defendant^nos, 2^and 3^{as the Directorof the} Defendant no.1 company, in conneclion with^{the sanction of Term Loan under GECL} scheme had signed and executed^{an Agreement cumdeed of Hypothecation dated} 1 1 .06.2020 and Pronote dated^{11.06.2020in favourof the applicant bank thereby}

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-S[,r,tiJJ"A-\r- I-/"-1 rr la* lzr / Presding Officer I | - DRT, Guwahati

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O A 309/2022lDRT-Gu*ahali

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agreeing to all the terms and conditions contained therein and also promising to pay the Applicant Bank the entire loan amount logether with interest @7.50% per annum with monthly rests on demand.

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ln connection with the additional credit facility of Rs. 18.35 Lacs sanctioned by the applicant bank under GECL scheme and overall limit of Rs.229.35 Lacs availed by the defendants,2 (two) Guarantee Agreement dated 11.06.2020 was signed and executed by the defendant nos. 2 and 3 being the director of the defendant n company as borrower and the defendant no. 2 and 3 in their capacity as the personal guarantor to the said loan facilities. The said Guarantee Agreements were covered by 2 (two) cuarantee Covering Letter dated 11.06.2020 duly signed and executed by the defendant nos.2 and 3, whereby the defendant nos. 2 and 3 acknowledged their obligation as the personal guarantor to the extent of the limit mentioned in the Guaranlee Agreements.

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ln compliance with the terms and conditions of the sanction of overall limit of Rs.229.35 Lacs, the Defendant No. 2 had extended the mortgage kept as security with the applicant bank for the additional credit limit of Rs. 1g.3S Lacs by executing a Letter evidencing Deposit of Title Deed where Additional Limit is granted on the very security dated 11.06.2020, thereby confiming the extension of equitable mortgage for additional limit in favour of the applicant bank.

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Defendant No 2 being the Director of the defendant Nol company vides its Letter dated 20.01.2021 and Board resolution dated 25.02.2021 had requested the applicant bank for the renewal of the existing credit facility sanctioned by the Appticant Bank and availed by the Defendants. The applicant bank after considering the said request vide its Sanction Memorandum daled 23.03.2021, sanctioned the renewal of the existing Cash Credit loan facility for Rs. 103.00 Lacs to the Defendants with interest charged at 9.90o/o per annum calculated on daily product at monthly rests. The loan is repayable on demand.

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Further, the Defendant Nos. 2 and 3 being the director of the defendant no.1 company had also signed and execuled a Letter of Renewal dated 23.03.202,1 thereby confirming the renewal of lhe existing credit facility and execulion of loan

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S l") -t.l"a.r.+- Q*t'- r 1r It6l73 d I PBrdngoficer^I DRT, Guwahati

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O A 309/2022loRT'Guwehatr

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papers/ documenls as mentioned therein. The Defendant Nos. 2 and 3 being the director of the defendant no.1 company had signed and executed a Subordination Agreement dated 23.03.2021, thereby agreeing to all the lerms and conditions contained therein.

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Defendant No. 1 Company through its Directors i.e. Defendant Nos. 2 and 3 had again approached the Applicant Bank and applied for Restructuring Resolulion framework 2.0 as per RBI Guidelines dated 05.05.2021 vide loan application dated 29.09.2021. The applicant bank vide its Sanction memorandum dated 30.09.202,1 had sanctioned FITL of Rs. 1,71,150.00 to the defendants under resolution framework 2.0 with interest charged at 9.90% per annum calculaled on daily product at monthly rests. The FITL Loan is to be repaid in 24 monthly installments with a moratorium period of 6 monlhs from the date of disbursement. lnlerest is to be serviced as and when due. The defendant no. 2 being the Director of the Defendant no.1 company had signed on the said Sanclion Memorandum thereby agreeing to all the terms and conditions contained therein. Thereafter, in connection with the sanctioning of the FITL loan under restructure resolution framework 2.0, the defendant no. 2 as the Director of the Defendant no.1 company had signed and executed a Debts Reslructuring Agreement dated 30.09.2021 and Oebtor Creditor Agreement dated 30.09.2021, thereby agreeing to all the terms and conditions contained therein. Further, the defendant no.2 as the Direclor of the defendant no. 1 company had also signed and executed a Letter of undertaking for Restructuring of Loan dated 30.09.2021, thereby acknowledging the availing of the credit facilities from time to time as mentioned therein and also accepted to comply with the terms and conditions of lhe sanction Memorandum.

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The defendants had availed the loan facilities from the applicant bank but have not paid the outstanding amount as per terms and condition made with the applicant bank in spite of repeated demands and request by the applicant bank. As the loan accounis of defendants were running extremely irregular and due to non-payment of^principal amounl and interest, the said accounts were classified as a NpA on

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,."r,*iJl/'4 -Cl.r^lsf.av-&.ltr^/ 0RT, Guwahata

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O A 309/2022lDRI-Guwahati

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31.03.2022. After the accounts became NPA the applicant bank issued notices for repaymenl of the due amount, the defendanls have neither chosen for repayment of the remaining installmenls in the term loan account nor approached to the applicant bank for settling the term loan account nor renewed the cash credit loan account.

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The applicant bank thus became constrained to file the present Original Application for the recovery of Rs. 2,23,50,75'1.72 (Rupee3 Two Croro Twenty Three Laca Fifty Thousand Sgven Hundred Fifty One and Pai3e Seventy Two) only as on 0'l -O7 -2022 along with interest and cost of the application.

¶52

After filing of the OA the Tribunal issued nolicesupon the defendants through registered post and ihe applicant bank filed service report on 22.09.2022 and brcughl on record the^postal receipts along with track consignment report. The leamed counsel for defendants No. 1, 2 & 3 appeared on 23.09.2022 by filing vakaltnama. Thereafter the case was listed on several occasions but defendants^{No 1, 2} & 3^have not filed their written statement cum evidence and^{hencethe right of the defendantsto} file the written statement cum evidence on affidavit^{was closed} on^23.01.2023. Thereafter the matter was^posted for hearing on behalf of^{the applicant bank.}

¶53

Supporting the claim of the applicant bank Mr. Debasish^{Talukdar, Manager of} the Applicant Bank has liled evidence on aflidavit^{coupled with the securitydocuments} markd as Document- P and Exhibit AW-1 to^{Aw6s,supportingthe claim of the} applicant bank.

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Heard the learned counsel^lor the^{applicant bank who prayedfor issuance of} Recovery Certificate against the defendants as^{per pleadingsmadein the} Application, supported by evidence^{on affidavit of theirwitness who affirmed on oath} the execution of the^{securityand other documents by the defendanlsand also} execution of lheir own^{documentsIelied upon, which have beenma*edexhibits.}

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None has appeared for the^{defendantson the day of argument.}

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Considering the facts and^{circumstanc€s of the case, I am of theconsidered} view that the documents^{filed by the applicant bank are supporling the claim of the} applicant bank andestablishing^{theliability of the defendants.lt is proved that the} defendants are^jointly and severally^{liable to payto the applicant bank the claim}

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S.l"..r11*n -$'.1"-r zrlaz,l:r U Presiding fficer^I l- DRT. Guwahali

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¶59

O A 309/2022lDRT-Guwahel'

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made in the Original Application. The loans were obtained and documents have been executed on 22.11.20'18, 16.'12.20'19, 04.05.2020,^{1 '1.06.2020} & 30.09.2021, the account became NPA on 31.03.2022 and the OA has been^{filed on 08.08.2022.} Hence. the OA is filed well^{within the period of limitation and this Tribunalhavinga} jurisdiction to adjudicate the Original Application.

¶61

Considering the unrebutted/unchallenged^{version of Mr. DebasishTalukdar,the} applicant's witness and^{all the documents marked as exhibits, including duly certified} copy of the statement^{of account alongwilh interest calculation sheet maintainedby} the applicant Bank in^{it's regularcourse of business, I hold that the applicantis} entitled to^get the^{Recovery Certificate as prayed for.}

¶62

ln the result, the^{present OriginalApplicalion No. 309 of 2022is allowed with} cost as under :-

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i) The defendants No.^{1, 2 & 3 are jointly and severally liableto payto the} applicant bank a^{sum of R3. 2,23,50,751.72(Rupee3Two CroreTwenty} Throe Lacs Fifty^{ThousandSevenHundredFifty Oneand Pai33 Seventy} Two) only with^{pendenteliteand future [email protected]%p.a with monthly} rests from 02.07.2022^{till the date of full paymenurealization and also cost of} the application.

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ii) The charge of the^{certificatedamount be kept alive on hypothecated} properties, as described in Schedule-A^{of the OA till the amountis realizedin} full

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iii) The charge of the^{certificated amountbe kept alive on mortgagedproperty'} i.e. All^part and^{parcelof the plot of and measuring2 Katha (5 36 are) covered} under Dag No.^{289(0)/1628(N), Patta No. 74l433(old)/ 1186(New)' locatedat} revenue village -^{Jyotikuchi, Ino Karbipath, dhopolia, Mouza-Beltola'} Oistrict Kamrup^{under Municipality Guwahati,Assam- 781040in the nameof} the defendant^{no. 2 i.e. Sri VishalGoenkaand the landis boundedas North:} House of Debiyoti^{Sharma, South: Land of SambhuMahato'East: I no Karbi} Path, West Land^{of Sarbananda Sonowal as described in Schedule-Bof the} OA till the amount^{is realizedin full}

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-eI-'...vJ-t"aM^.4,1.1 e**a.n om3)it't^{| :: /} DRT. Guwahatr^'

¶67

o'A 3og2o2zrDRT'Goahali

¶68

I I

¶69

iv) The applicant^{bank is entitled to proceed against the secured items towards} recovery of the^debts.

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v) The applicant^{bank is also entitledto proceed againstthe personal assets and} properties of the defendants^{towards recovery of the dues'}

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vi) The applicant^{bankis entitled to the costs of the O A whichincludesthe} advocate^{fees of the applicant bank Applicant is directedto file the cost} memo within^{2 weeks fromtodaY'}

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vii) lssue^{Recovery Certificate accordingly for a sum Rs' 2'23'50'751'72(Rupees} Two Crore^{Twenty Throe LacsFifty Thousand Seven HundredFifty One} and Paise^{SeventyTwo)onlyin favourof the applicant bank against the} defendants^{No. 1, 2 & 3.}

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viii) Contmunicate^{copyofthis orderto the concernedparties'} This order is^{dictated and correctedby the undersigned'}

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Judgment^{dated21"tJune' 2023' signed and pronounced in the Tribunaltoday}

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under my^signature.

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in the Tribunal's^Websiteand copy of the^{JudgmenuFinal Order be uploaded} file be consigned^{to Record Room'}

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-S^{[-iu {t-aLa'1} D l' " (Shiv Sharan DubeY1mlzst1 Presiding officer DRT, Guwahati

Canara Bank v. Messers P L Industries Private Limited

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Canara Bank v. Messers P L Industries Private Limited

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

A compact analysis

Issues for consideration

Statutes considered

Parties & counsel

Coram

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