Dismissed¶9

Chetan Rohila v. State of NCT of Delhi

Delhi HC17 Feb 2025CRL.M.C./200/2025

Case brief

AI extract

What is this about?

Quashing of FIR; Section 528 BNSS; erstwhile Section 482 CrPC; Section 3 DPDP Act 2007 (Delhi Prevention of Defacement of Public Property Act); Section 35(3) BNSS notice; pamphlet versus poster; defacement of public property; DDA park wall Dwarka Sector 23; tuition/coaching advertisement; timeline discrepancy 2:30 PM vs 5:15 PM; FIR as afterthought; complainant and IO same person; natural justice and fair trial; chargesheet filed; Trial Court summons; prima facie offence; matter of trial; direct beneficiary; CRL.M.C. 200/2025; CRL.M.A. 1031-1032/2025; Justice Sanjeev Narula; decision dated 17.02.2025; petition dismissed.

What did the court decide?

Having regard to well-settled legal principles governing the quashing of FIRs, the Court found no grounds to interfere at this stage. ¶8

Chetan Rohila Vs State of NCT of Delhi — Delhi HC (2025) — LawSathi Research

What the court decided

AI extract

Outcome

Dismissed

¶9

Issue for consideration

Whether the petition seeking quashing of FIR No. 82/2024 (P.S. Sector 23 Dwarka, Section 3 DPDP Act) should be granted. +3 more

¶3

Court's answer

The sequence of events leading to registration of the FIR discloses no procedural irregularity warranting quashing; the Duty Officer noticing the poster, initiating inquiry and identifying the Petitioner was a sufficient chain of events to justify registration under Section 3 of the DPDP Act.

¶6

Ratio / Principle

Having regard to well-settled legal principles governing the quashing of FIRs, the Court found no grounds to interfere at this stage.

¶8

Key takeaways

The contention that the FIR is frivolous does not hold merit; the poster prominently displayed the Petitioner's coaching institute's name and contact details, making him the direct beneficiary of the unauthorized act.ratio¶7
The contention that registration of the FIR by the same officer who conducted the initial investigation violated natural justice was among the contentions considered and rejected — the Court remained unpersuaded; no issue-specific reasoning on this ground is recorded.ratio¶4
The dimensions, content and mode of display indicate the material functioned as a poster rather than a mere pamphlet; the Petitioner's argument is misconceived and the object falls within the purview of Section 3 of the DPDP Act.

Detailed headnote1 paragraphs

Delhi High Court (Sanjeev Narula, J) dismissed a petition under Section 528 BNSS (erstwhile Section 482 CrPC) seeking quashing of FIR No. 82/2024, P.S. Sector 23 Dwarka, registered under Section 3 of the Delhi Prevention of Defacement of Public Property Act, 2007, by which stage a chargesheet had been filed and the Trial Court had issued summons. The Petitioner, whose tuition advertisement (approx. 1.5 x 2 feet) was found affixed to a DDA park wall near Hanuman Mandir, Dwarka Sector 23, argued that (i) the object was a pamphlet, not a poster; (ii) the gap between the IO's call at 2:30 PM and FIR registration at 5:15 PM showed the FIR to be an afterthought; and (iii) the complainant and IO being the same person offended natural justice. The Court held that the size, content and mode of display made the material a poster falling within Section 3 DPDP Act; that the sequence of events disclosed no procedural irregularity justifying quashing; that the Petitioner was the direct beneficiary of the advertisement; that whether he personally pasted the poster or caused it to be pasted was a matter of trial; and that a poster on public property advertising a private business constituted a prima facie offence under Section 3. Petition and pending applications (CRL.M.A. 1031-1032/2025) dismissed.

¶1

$~3

¶2

* IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI

¶3

- CRL.M.C. 200/2025, CRL.M.A. 1031-1032/2025

¶4

CHETAN ROHILA .....Petitioner

¶5

Through: Mr. Mohit Aggarwal, Mr. Kashish Sethi, Ms. Pooja Saini, Mr. Deepak Singh Poonia, Advocates

¶6

versus

¶7

STATE OF NCT OF DELHI .....Respondent Through: Mr. Yudhvir Singh Chauhan, APP for State with Mr. Anil, HC and Ms. Mamta, SI, PS-Dwarka Sector-23.

¶8

CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SANJEEV NARULA

¶9

O R D E R

¶10

% 17.02.2025

¶11

The present petition under Section 528 Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023¹ (erstwhile Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973² ) seeks quashing of FIR No. 82/2024 registered at P.S. Sector 23 Dwarka under Section 3 of the Delhi Prevention of Defacement of Public Property Act, 2007.³ In connection with this FIR, a chargesheet has already been filed, and upon its consideration, the Trial Court has issued summons to the Petitioner. The Petitioner states that notwithstanding the above, he is entitled to seek quashing of the FIR.

¶12

Briefly, the case of the prosecution is as follows:

¶13

1 “BNSS”

¶14

2 “Cr.P.C.”

¶15

3 “the DPDP Act”

¶16

This is a digitally signed order.

¶17

The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above. The Order is downloaded from the DHC Server on 19/02/2025 at 12:05:34

¶18

2.1. On 17^th April, 2024, at approximately 5:15 PM, while patrolling the area, the Duty Officer of Police Station Sector 23, Dwarka, noticed a paper pamphlet measuring approximately 1.5 x 2 feet affixed to the wall of a DDA park near Hanuman Mandir, Dwarka Sector 23, New Delhi. The pamphlet contained the following advertisement:

¶19

“ VC CAMPUS & HOME TUTORS. BOOK your FREE demo today for Class 8th to 12th. Call us now on 8929448307, 9871012629 .”

¶20

2.2. Upon dialling one of the phone numbers mentioned in the pamphlet, the Duty Officer established contact with Mr. Chetan Rohilla (Petitioner), who admitted to pasting the pamphlet to promote his tuition services.

¶21

2.3. Subsequently, the Duty Officer photographed the pamphlet and informed the SHO who directed that appropriate legal action be taken under Section 3 of the DPDP Act. Pursuant to this direction, the present FIR was registered against the Petitioner.

¶22

In this background, the Petitioner seeks quashing of the FIR on the following grounds:

¶23

3.1. The timeline of events leading to the registration of the FIR raises serious doubts about the veracity of the allegations. On 17^th April 2024, at approximately 2:30 PM, the Petitioner received a call from the Investigating Officer,⁴ who initially introduced himself as a parent of a student in Class 10^th . The IO inquired about the coaching institute, fee structure and other details before revealing his true identity. The IO then demanded that the Petitioner share his Aadhaar card and subsequently directed him to sign a notice under Section 35(3) of the BNSS. The FIR, however, was registered at 5:15 PM, which is significantly later than the time when the Petitioner

¶24

This is a digitally signed order. The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above. The Order is downloaded from the DHC Server on 19/02/2025 at 12:05:34

¶25

was first contacted by the IO. This discrepancy in the sequence of events suggests that the FIR is frivolous and an afterthought, raising serious concerns about the fairness of the investigation.

¶26

3.2. The registration of the FIR by the same officer who conducted the initial investigation violates the principles of natural justice and fair trial. The duty of an IO is to conduct an impartial and fair inquiry. However, in the present case, the Complainant and the IO appear to be the same person, creating an inherent bias in the proceedings.

¶27

3.3 The Petitioner contends that the alleged act does not fall within the ambit of Section 3 of the DPDP Act as the object in question is a pamphlet and not a poster. He asserts that he had no knowledge of the pamphlet being affixed to the DDA park wall and had not authorized anyone to do so on his behalf. Furthermore, he was not caught in the act of pasting the pamphlet, nor is there any direct evidence linking him to the alleged defacement. In the absence of concrete proof that he personally affixed or directed the placement of the pamphlet he is not liable under Section 3 of the DPDP Act. 4. The Court has considered the afore-noted contentions but remains unpersuaded.

¶28

In the present case, the investigation has been completed, and a chargesheet has already been filed before the Trial Court. The prosecution has produced photographs of the material that formed the basis for registration of the FIR. A crucial aspect to consider is the nature of the object in question. The FIR describes the same as “दीवारपरएककागज़का पै�फलेटिजसकासाइजलगभग 1.5x2 फीटहै.” The dimensions, content and

¶29

4 “IO”

¶30

This is a digitally signed order.

¶31

The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above. The Order is downloaded from the DHC Server on 19/02/2025 at 12:05:34

¶32

the mode of display indicate that it functioned as a poster rather than a mere pamphlet. The size of the material is substantially larger than a standard pamphlet, making it identical to a poster intended for advertisement. Thus, the Petitioner’s argument is misconceived, as the material he claims to be a pamphlet is, in fact, a poster, thereby falling within the purview of Section 3 of the DPDP Act.

¶33

Further, the sequence of events leading to the registration of the FIR does not indicate any procedural irregularity that would warrant its quashing. The Duty Officer, upon noticing the poster, initiated an inquiry, which eventually led to the identification of the Petitioner. This chain of events was sufficient to justify the registration of the FIR under Section 3 of the DPDP Act.

¶34

The Petitioner’s contention that the FIR is frivolous is without basis also does not hold merit. The poster prominently displayed his coaching institute’s name and contact details, making him the direct beneficiary of the unauthorized act. The question whether the Petitioner himself pasted the poster or caused it to be pasted by others is a matter of trial and cannot be conclusively determined at this stage. The fact that the poster was affixed on public property and advertised a private business constitutes a prima facie offence under Section 3 of the DPDP Act.

¶35

In light of the foregoing observations and having regard to wellsettled legal principles governing the quashing of FIRs, the Court finds no grounds to interfere at this stage.

¶36

This is a digitally signed order.

¶37

The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above. The Order is downloaded from the DHC Server on 19/02/2025 at 12:05:34

¶38

Accordingly, the present petition, along with pending applications, is dismissed.

¶39

SANJEEV NARULA, J

¶40

FEBRUARY 17, 2025 Nk/ab

¶41

This is a digitally signed order.

¶42

The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above. The Order is downloaded from the DHC Server on 19/02/2025 at 12:05:34

Chetan Rohila v. State of NCT of Delhi

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

Chetan Rohila v. State of NCT of Delhi

Case brief

What is this about?

What did the court decide?

What the court decided

Issues for consideration

Statutes considered

Procedural history

Parties & counsel

Coram

Case details

Similar cases

Abhishek Sharma Vs State & Anr.

Hargovind Billore & Anr. Vs the State, Govt. of NCT & Anr.

Tushar Jain Vs State of NCT of Delhi & Anr.

Sh Jagmohan Vs State NCT of Delhi and Anr.

Gargi Bajaj & Anr. Vs Pooja Sharma Bajaj

Vishal Verma Vs State Gnct of Delhi