Swapnil Mittal Vs State of Chhattisgarh

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2026:CGHC:17099-DB

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Digitally signed by SAGRIKA SAGRIKA AGRAWAL AGRAWAL Date:2026.04.16 11:26:51 +0530

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NAFR

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HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR

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CRMP No. 1058 of 2026

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1 - Swapnil Mittal S/o Suresh Mittal Aged About 39 Years Partner Of Ms S M Shop R/o D 6 Sector-2, Agroha Society, Raipur Thana D D Nagar, District Raipur Chhattisgarh

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2 - Smt. Garima Sharma W/o Swapnil Mittal Aged About 39 Years Partner Of Ms S M Shop R/o D 6 Sector-2, Agroha Society, Raipur Thana D D Nagar, District Raipur Chhattisgarh

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3 - Suresh Kumar Mittal S/o Late Prahalad Chand Mittal Aged About 67 Years Partner Of Ms S M Shop R/o D 6 Sector-2, Agroha Society, Raipur Thana D D Nagar, District Raipur Chhattisgarh

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4 - Piyush Rathi S/o Suresh Kumar Rathi Aged About 39 Years R/o G-2 Sadan, Agroha Society Raipur, Thana Dd Nagar, Raipur Chhattisgarh

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5 - Vikram Singh S/o Ramashray Singh Aged About 37 Years R/o E 1-2, Celebrity Home, Kabir Nagar, Thana - Kabir Nagar, District Raipur Chhattisgarh

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... Petitioner(s)

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versus

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1 - State Of Chhattisgarh Through The Station House Officer, Police Station Azad Chowk, Raipur Chhattisgarh

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2 - M/s Amar Steel Through Its Proprietor Mr. Shreyansh Kumar Jain R/o Link Road No. 2, Gondwara Raipur District Raipur Chhattisgarh

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... Respondent(s)

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For Petitioner(s)	:Mr. Niraj Baghel, Advocate
For State	: Ms Vaishali Mahilong, Dy. G.A.
For Respondent No. 2	: Mr. Prashant Sahu, Advocate

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Division Bench: Hon'ble Shri Ramesh Sinha, Chief Justice Hon’ble Ravindra Kumar Agrawal, Judge Order on Board

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Per Ramesh Sinha, Chief Justice 15.04.2026

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1. Heard Mr. Niraj Baghel, learned counsel for the petitioners. Also heard Ms. Vaishali Mahilong, Dy. Govt. Advocate for the State as well as Mr. Prashant Sahu, learned counsel for Respondent No. 2.

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2. The present petition under Section 528 of B.N.S.S. 2023 filed by the petitioners with the following reliefs:-

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“1. Quash and set aside Charge-Sheet bearing No. 339 of 2023, submitted by Police Station Azad Chowk, District Raipur in FIR No. 168 of 2022 registered under Sections 120B & 420 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, and all consequential proceedings arising therefrom on the ground of compromise.

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2. Quash and set aside the order dated 22.12.2023 passed by the learned Judicial Magistrate First Class Raipur, whereby cognizance was taken against the petitioners for the offences under Sections 120B & 420 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860.

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3. Quash and set aside the order dated 11.02.2026 passed in criminal case No. 22561 of 2023, passed by the learned learned Judicial Magistrate First Class Raipur, District Raipur whereby charges under Sections 120B & 420 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 have been framed against the petitioners.

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4. Quash the entire proceedings of Criminal Case No. 22561 of 2023, for the offence punishable under Sections 120B & 420 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 pending before learned Judicial Magistrate First Class Raipur, District Raipur, as continuation of the said trial would amount to abuse of the process of Court in light of the amicable settlement between the parties.

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5. Pass such further or other orders as this Hon'ble Court may deem fit and proper in the interest of justice.”

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3. That the present matter arises out of FIR No. 168/2022 dated 09.06.2022 registered at Police Station Azad Chowk, Raipur, for alleged offences under Sections 120B and 420 IPC, based on a complaint filed by Respondent No. 2. The allegations pertain to nonpayment for supply of approximately 90 tons of TMT steel bars despite prior business dealings between the parties, which had been conducted smoothly with regular payments. The petitioners submit that the goods were further sold in the ordinary course of business to third parties; however, due to non-receipt of payment from such buyers, they were unable to clear the dues of the complainant, for which a legal notice dated 05.06.2022 was also issued. It is contended that the dispute is purely commercial in nature with no element of criminal intent, despite which multiple FIRs of similar nature were lodged against the petitioners in a short span, allegedly to exert pressure. After investigation, although no material indicating dishonest intention or misappropriation was found, a charge-sheet came to be filed and cognizance was taken by the learned Magistrate. During the pendency of proceedings, the parties amicably settled the dispute on 04.12.2025, agreeing to a full and final settlement amount, and the complainant undertook to cooperate in quashing the proceedings. However, the trial court rejected the compounding application on account of Section 120B IPC being non-compoundable, compelling the petitioners to approach this Court. The petitioners assert that continuation of criminal proceedings in light of settlement and absence of criminality amounts

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to abuse of process of law and seek quashing of the impugned FIR and consequential proceedings.

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4. Learned counsel for the petitioners would submit that after registration of the FIR against the present petitioners, the parties have entered into a compromise and a settlement agreement has also been executed between the parties on 09.12.2025 which is filed in the present petition. Since the dispute has been resolved and the matter has been compromised between the parties, there is no ultimate chance of their conviction and therefore, the impugned FIR as well as the criminal proceeding against the petitioners may be quashed on the basis of the compromise between the parties.

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5. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of respondent No. 2/ complainant has not disputed the fact that they have entered into the compromise and settled their dispute, as also the contents of the settlement agreement executed between the parties on 09/12/2025. In view of the settlement agreement dated 09/12/2025, the complainant is having no objection in quashing of the FIR No. 168 of 2022, registered for the offence punishable under Section 120-B and 420 of IPC as well as the Criminal proceeding of the criminal case No. 22561 of 2023, pending before the learned Judicial Magistrate First Class, Raipur.

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6. We have considered the submissions made by learned counsel for the respective parties and have perused the document annexed with the petition by either side as well as the settlement agreement dated 09/12/2025.

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7. The terms of settlement between the parties as reflected in the settlement agreement dated 09/12/2025 is reproduced hereinbelow for the sake of convenience:-

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1. यहक ी �पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 अपन�आजद ी ि �न� ी � क ी तक ी क ी �बक ी �य�र�श ि �मयब ां य�जर ् पय ु 47,96,219/- ज ि जसक ी �पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 2 स � प ्रा �प ् तकरन ी �ह ी � उसक ी �प ! र ्ण# र ू पस � आपस� समझ ां &त�अन ौ स�रम ी' ां �फ ़ करत ी � हएक ु ी� वलसम ां झ&त�र�श ौ ि �र ु पए 2,39,600/- क ी �समर ्पू! ्ण# भ ु' गत�न ी क ी� रपम ू ां0 लन � ी� क ी �सहर ्ष# र ू पस � र�ज�ह � एव � पर ! ्ण# र ू पस � सव�क ् ी �रक ी रत � ह। 3

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2. यहक ि क ी पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 2 पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 द ्वा �र�आजद ि �न� ी � क ी तक ी प ्रा सत�क ् ि वतबक ी �य� र�श ि �बय�जसक ् ि हतसम ां झ&त�अन ौ स�रक ी' ी� वलर�श ि � 2,39,600/- क ी �भ ु' गत�न ी करन ी ी� क ी� श ि लए अपन�प ी ! र ्ण# सहम ां क ि तएव � रज�म ां � 7 प��न ्रा ी करत ी � ह। 3

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3. यहक ि क ी इसइकर�न ी �म ी ां �द ्वा �र�पक ्ष क ी �रकम ्र ां �क � 2 क ी �ओरस � श ्री �स ' र म ि मत ां ्त लपकक ्ष ी �र कम ्र ां �क � 1 क ी �उपर�कतसम ् झ ां &त�र�श ौ ि �रपय ु 2,39,600/-ICICI Bank, Devendra Nagar Branch, Raipur क ी� च ै� क ी कम ्र ां �क � 000200 च ै� क ी द ि �न� ी क � 04/12/2025 की� म ां �ध ् यम ां स � पर ! ्ण# र ू पस � अ��करत�ह ी 3 ज ि जस � पकक ्ष ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 द ्वा �र�प ्रा �प ् तक ि कय�गय�। ी ज ि जसक ी� ब�� SM SHOP एव � उसक ी� स�र � भ�ग��र@ क ु ी �स�र�� न ी ��र�सम ां �प ् तह�ज�एग�।

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यहक ि क ी पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 इसइक ी र�रन�म ी ां �द ्वा �र�सव�क ् ी �रकरत�ह ी � क ि क ी पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 2 द ्वा �र�उपर�कतच ् क ै� ी क ी� म ां �ध ् यम ां स � भ ु' गत�न ी ह�न ी� क ी� उपर�तपक � ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 2 स � क ि क ी स�भ� ु म ां �म ां0 क ी �ईभ�र�श ु ि �लन � �� ी � र ्ष न ी हB रहग�। �

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5. यहक ि क ी पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 क ि व� � र ्ष र ू पस � सव�क ् ी �रकरत�ह ी � क ि क ी पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 2 की� क ि वर‌द ु ्ध क ी' लबक ी �य�र�श ि �क ी� भ ु' गत�न ी क ी� श ि लएक ी �ईभ�क ु ी �न ी! न�वअन ी यप ् क ्रा ी �रक ी �क ी �य # व�ह� नहB ी कर ी ग 0 � ।पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 यहभ�स ु व�क ् ी �रकरत ी � ह 3 क ि क ी आजद ि �न� ी � क ी स � प ! व # पक ्ष क ी �र कम ्र ां �क � 1 क ी� प�सपक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 2 क ी �यद ि �क ी �ईभ�च ु ै� क ी स ' रक ्ष �र ्थ# रख�ह ा ु आर�उस ्थ � इस इकर�रन ी �म ी ां �क ी� अनस�रपक ी' ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 2 क ी �व�पसक ी र� � ग�।

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यहक ि क ी पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 यहभ�स ु व�क ् ी �रकरत�ह ी � क ि क ी यद ि �आजद ि �न� ी � क ी स � प ! व # पक ्ष क ी �र कम ्र ां �क � 2 क ी� क ि वर ु द ्ध क ी �ईच ै� क ी अन��रर ी ्ण स � स � ब � म ि Hतप ्रा करर ी ्ण क ि कस�भ ी �न ु य�य�लयम ् ां0 प ्रा सत ् ' त

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क ि क ी य�ह � त�वहउस � व�पसल � ल � ग�य�क ि क ी स�भ�प ु ' श ि लसर�न ्थ ी� म ां0 उपर�कतर�श ् ि �क ी� वस ! ल�स � स � ब � म ि Hतक ी �ईश ि �क ी �यतप ्रा सत ् ' तक ी �गईह�ग�त�इस � क ी र�रन�म ी ां �क ी� क ि नष ी प��न ् ी स � वह�न ! यएव ् � अम ां �नयम ् ां �न�ज�एग�औरन ी �ह�पक ी ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 क ी� प�सयद ि �क ी �ईचक ै� ी पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � ी 2 क ी �उपलब ्ध ह�ग�त�उस � भ ु क ि वषयम ् ां0 उपर�कतर�श ् ि �क ी� वस ! ल�हत � ' क ि क ी स�भ�क ु ी �नन ी! � ी प ्रा क ि कय�म ्र ां0 उपय�गन ी हB कर ी � ग�।

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यहक ि क ी इसइकर�रन ी �म ी ां �क ी� क ि नष ी प��न ् ी उपर� � त��न@ पक ी ्ष क ी �रस ्प ष ्ट र ू पस � सव�क ् ी �रकरत ी � ह 3 क ि क ी ��न@ क ी ी �एक दसर ू � स � आजक ी� ब��क ी �ईभ�र�श ु ि �क ी �ल � न ी � � न ी � � र ्ष न ी हB रहज�एग�और - न�ह�क ी ी �ईक ी �न ी! न�म ी ां �मल�ल ां क � ि बतह � औरन ी ह��यरक ी रग 0 � औरन ी ह��न@ पक ी ्ष एक दसर ू � क ी� क ि वरद ु ्ध भ ु क ि वषयम ् ां0 उपर�कतर�श ् ि �क ी� सब � � H म ां0 क ी �ईक ी �नन ी! �प ी क ्रा ी रर ्ण प ्रा सत ् ' तनहB क ी ी रग 0 । �

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8. , -1 Azad यहक ि क पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � द ्वा �र�क ी �गईश ि �क ी �यतक ी� आH�रपरपश ' ि लसर�न ्थ � ी Chowk, Raipur म ां0 एफ.आई.आर . कम ्र ां �क � 168/2022 �ज # क ी �गईह , तर�क ्थ ि ववच � ै न� ी उपर� � तउकतप ् ्रा करर ी ्ण अपर�म ि Hक ी प ्रा करर ी ्ण क ्र म ां �क � 22561/2023 क ी� र ू पम ां0 पज�बद � ्ध ह�कर ी म ां �नन ी �यन ी य�म ् ि यक ी � � ड ा �म ि Hक ी �र�प ् र ा म ां श ् र ी� � , र�यपर ' , ज ि जल�र�यपर ' (छत ्त �सगढ ) क ी� नय�य�लय ् क ी� सम ां क ्ष ल � क ि बतह।प � ् र ा म ां पक ्ष क ी �रयहवच ै न ी � � त�/� � त�ह � क ि क ी उपय '# कतप ् ्रा करर ी ्ण क ी � र�ज�न�म ी ां �/समझ ां &त ौ � क ी� आH�रपरसम ां �प ् तकर�न ी ी� हत � ' आवशयक ् त�न ी स�रयर ी' ��घ ्थ ्र उश ि चत ै , / क ी �यव�ह�ज # � स � क ि क ी सब � � म ि Hतआव � न ी पस ्रा ् त ' तकरन ी � ी बय�न ी � � न�इत ी य�द ् ि �क ी रग� � कर ी � ग�। आवशयक ् त�पड ी ़ न ी� परप ् र ा म ां पक ्ष क ी �रअनयक ् ि क ी स�भ�न ु य�य�लयअर ् ्थ व�अम ि Hकरर ी ्ण क ी� समक ां ्ष , , उपस ्थि Xक ि त� � कर ी क ि बन�क ी ि कस�क ी ि हच ै क ि कच ी �हटय�क ै ि वलबक � ी� प ्रा करर ी ्ण क ी �र�ज�न�म ी ां �क ी� आH�र परप ्रा करर ी ्ण क ी� समस ां ् तअभ ि भय ु ' कत@ ् क ी� ख ि खल�फअपर�म ा ि Hक ी पक ्रा रर ी ्ण कम ्र ां �क � 22561/2023 सम ां �प ् तकर�न ी ी� हत � ' सभ�आवश ु ् यक ी सहय�गप ्रा ��न ी कर ी � ग�/कर ी � ग� |

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9. यहक ि क ी पक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 1 यहभ�स ु व�क ् ी �रकरत�ह ी � क ि क ी इसइकर�रन ी �म ी ां �क ी� क ि नष ी प��न ् ी उपर� � तवहपक ्ष क ी �रक ्र म ां �क � 2 स � � � र ्ष बक ी �य�र�श ि �क ी �म ां �फ ़ क ी रत�ह � एव � भ ु क ि वषयम ् ां0 बक ी �य� र�श ि �क ी �वस ! ल�स � स � ब � म ि Hतक ी �ई�7व�न�एव ी � फ&ज��र�मक ां' �म ी ां� प ्रा सत ् ' तनहB क ी ी रग�। �

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8. Hon'ble Supreme court in the matter of BS Joshi and others Vs State of Haryana and another reported in (2003) 4 SCC 675, held as

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under:-

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"If for the purpose of securing the ends of justice, quashing of FIR becomes necessary, Section 320 would not be a bar to the exercise of power of quashing. it is, however, a different matter depending upon the facts and circumstances of each case whether to exercise or not such a power.

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Thus, the High Court on exercise of its inherent power can quash criminal proceedings or FIR or complaint and section 320 of the Code does not limit or affect the powers under Section 482 of the Code."

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9. Further, in the matter of Gian Singh Vs State of Punjab and another

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reported in (2012) 10 SCC 303, Honble Supreme court has held:-

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"57. The position that emerges from the above discussion can be summarised thus: the power of the High Court in quashing a criminal proceeding or FIR or complaint in exercise of its inherent jurisdiction is distinct and different from the power given to a criminal court for compounding the offences under Section 320 of the Code. Inherent power is of wide plenitude with no statutory limitation but it has to be exercised in accord with the guideline engrafted in such power viz; (i) to secure the ends of justice or (ii) to prevent abuse of the process of any Court. In what cases power to quash the criminal proceeding or complaint or F.I.R may be exercised where the offender and victim have settled their dispute would depend on the facts and circumstances of each case and no category can be prescribed. However, before exercise of such power, the High Court must have due regard to the nature and gravity of the crime. Heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like murder, rape, dacoity, etc. cannot be fittingly quashed even though the victim or victim's family and the offender have settled the dispute. Such offences are not private in nature and have serious impact on society. Similarly, any compromise between the victim and offender in relation to the offences under special statutes like Prevention of Corruption Act or the offences

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committed by public servants while working in that capacity etc, cannot provide for any basis for quashing criminal proceedings involving such offences. But the criminal cases having overwhelmingly and pre-dominatingly civil flavour stand on different footing for the purposes of quashing, particularly the offences arising from commercial, financial, mercantile, civil, partnership or such like transactions or the offences arising out of matrimony relating to dowry, etc. or the family disputes where the wrong is basically private or personal in nature and the parties have resolved their entire dispute. In this category of cases, High Court may quash criminal proceedings if in its view, because of the compromise between the offender and victim, the possibility of conviction is remote and bleak and continuation of criminal case would put accused to great oppression and prejudice and extreme injustice would be caused to him by not quashing the criminal case despite full and complete settlement and compromise with the victim. In other words, the High Court must consider whether it would be unfair or contrary to the interest of justice to continue with the criminal proceeding or continuation of the criminal proceeding would tantamount to abuse of process of law despite settlement and compromise between the victim and wrongdoer and whether to secure the ends of justice, it is appropriate that criminal case is put to an end and if the answer to the above question(s) is in affirmative, the High Court shall be well within its jurisdiction to quash the criminal proceeding."

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10. Further, in the matter of Narinder Singh and others Vs State of

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Punjab reported in (2014) 6, SCC 466, Hon'ble Supreme court has held that:

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"29.4 On the other hand, those criminal cases having overwhelmingly and pre-dominantly civil character, particularly those arising out of commercial transactions or arising out of matrimonial relationship or family disputes should be quashed

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when the parties have resolved their entire disputes among themselves.

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29.5 While exercising its powers, the High Court is to examine as to whether the possibility of conviction is remote and bleak and continuation of criminal cases would put the accused to great oppression and prejudice and extreme injustice would be caused to him by not quashing the criminal cases."

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11. In view of the aforesaid pronouncement of the Hon'ble Supreme Court and also in the facts and circumstances of the case, particularly, the compromise arrived at between the parties and execution of settlement deed in between them. Accordingly, the present petition deserves to be allowed and the proceedings of Criminal Case No. 22561 of 2023 pending before the learned Judicial Magistrate First Class, Raipur for the offence under Section 120-B and 420 of IPC, arising out of the Crime No. 168/2022 registered at Police Station Azad Chowk, Raipur, charge-sheet No. 339/2023 submitted by Azad Police Station, Raipur for the offence under section 120-B and 420 of IPC, order taking cognizance dated 22.12.2023 by the learned Judicial Magistrate First Class, Raipur in Criminal Case No. 22561/2023 and further the charges framed thereunder are hereby quashed against the petitioner No.1 Swapnil Mittal, No. 2 Smt. Garima Sharma, No. 3 Suresh Mittal, No. 4 Piyush Rathi and No.5 Vikram Singh, subject to the fulfillment of the conditions of compromise.

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12. Accordingly, the instant CRMP is allowed .

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Sd/- Sd/(Ravindra Kumar Agrawal) (Ramesh Sinha) Judge Chief Justice

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(Ramesh Sinha)

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sagrika

Swapnil Mittal v. State of Chhattisgarh

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Swapnil Mittal v. State of Chhattisgarh

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