Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited vs Vishvnath Patel — Arbitration | Bombay HC (2026)

Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited vs Vishvnath Patel — Arbitration | Bombay HC (2026)

What the court decided

AI extract

Outcome

Arbitral awards set aside; Commercial Execution Applications / Execution Applications and the connected Interim Applications and Chamber Summons dismissed / disposed; parties free to initiate fresh arbitration in accordance with law with the period from invocation till the order date excluded for limitation; liberty to apply under the proviso to Section 12(5).

Issue for consideration

Whether arbitral awards rendered by a unilaterally appointed sole arbitrator can stand and be executed. +1 more

Court's answer

Since the appointment of the sole arbitrator in each of these matters was found to be unilateral, the respective arbitral awards stand set aside in view of the Supreme Court's decision in Bhadra International (India) Pvt. Ltd. v. Airports Authority of India (unilateral appointment void ab initio; ineligibility can be raised at any stage, even in execution).

Ratio / Principle

It is open to the parties to initiate fresh arbitration proceedings in accordance with law.

Key takeaways

In initiating fresh arbitration proceedings, the period from the invocation of the arbitration till the date of this order is to be excluded for limitation.ratio¶13
Liberty is granted to apply in the event there exists an express agreement in writing under the proviso to Section 12(5) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 waiving the sole arbitrator's ineligibility or the right to object under Section 12(5).obiter¶14

Detailed headnote1 paragraphs

Bombay High Court (Abhay Ahuja, J., 5 May 2026), batch of Commercial Execution Applications / Execution Applications (Serial Nos. 902 to 1148 with gaps): since the office of the Prothonotary & Senior Master of the Court found that the appointment of the sole arbitrator in all these matters was unilateral, and in view of the Supreme Court's decision in Bhadra International (India) Pvt. Ltd. and Others v. Airports Authority of India, 2026 SCC Online SC 7 (unilateral appointment of arbitrator void ab initio; ineligibility can be raised at any stage and even in execution), the Court set aside the respective arbitral awards and the Commercial Execution Applications / Execution Applications, with connected Interim Applications and Chamber Summons, stood dismissed / disposed. The parties were left free to initiate fresh arbitration proceedings in accordance with law; the period from the invocation of the arbitration till the order date was excluded for limitation; and liberty was granted to apply where an express agreement in writing under the proviso to Section 12(5) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 waives the ineligibility of the sole arbitrator or the right to object under Section 12(5).

902 to 1148.doc

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION

SERIAL NOS. 902 TO 909, 911 TO 924, 926 TO 938, 941 TO 981, 983 TO 988, 993 TO 1002, 1005, 1007 TO 1021, 1023 TO 1026, 1032 TO 1047, 1049 TO 1073, 1075 TO 1110, 1113 TO 1135, 1137 TO 1148

None appears for the parties.

CORAM : ABHAY AHUJA, J. DATE : 5^th MAY, 2026

PC:-

All these matters have been listed in view of the decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Bhadra International (India) Pvt. Ltd. and Others vs. Airports Authority of India¹ where the Hon'ble Supreme Court has observed that unilateral appointment of arbitrator is void ab initio and the ineligibility can be raised at any stage and even in execution.

Since in all these matters it has been found by the office of the Prothonotary & Senior Master of this Court that the appointment of the sole arbitrator has been unilateral, in view of the above decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court, the respective arbitral awards stand set aside and the Commercial Execution Applications / Execution Applications, and the connected Interim Applications as well as the Chamber Summons, if any, accordingly stand dismissed / disposed.

1 2026 SCC Online SC 7

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902 to 1148.doc

It would be open to the parties to initiate fresh arbitration proceedings in accordance with law.

As far as limitation is concerned, the period from the invocation of the arbitration till today be excluded in initiating fresh arbitration proceedings.

Liberty to apply in the event there exists an express agreement in writing in terms of proviso to Section 12(5) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (the “said Act”) waiving the ineligibility of the sole arbitrator or the right to object under Section 12(5) of the said Act.

NIKITA YOGESH GADGIL

(ABHAY AHUJA, J.)

Digitally signed by NIKITA YOGESH GADGIL Date: 2026.05.06 19:15:11 +0530

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